表方式、手段或工具的介词
(1) about
①表示“关于”
He is worried about his son.
他为儿子担忧。
②表示时间、数量、年龄的大小,意为“大约”
The river is about 6,000 metres long.
这条河大约6 000米长。
(2) above
①数目大于,价钱高于,重量超过,年龄超过
The old man is above ninety.
那位老人年逾90岁。
②抽象地超越、胜于
This book is above me.
这本书对我来说太难了。
My house is just across the street.
我的房子就在街对面。
(4) after
①在……后面
The policeman ran after a thief.
警察在小偷后面追。
②用于时间+ after+时间句型,表示连续
day after day
日复一日
year after year
年复一年
(5) against
①反对
Who is against the proposal?
谁反对这项提议?
②与动词连用表示碰撞
He hit against a tree.
他撞到一棵树上。
③依着,靠着
Put the ladder against the wall.
把梯子靠着墙放。
(6) as
①像…,似…,如…
We are friendly as fish and water.
我们友好相处,亲如鱼水。
②作为,当作
As a student, you must work hard.
作为学生,你必须努力学习。
(7) behind 较……落后
I am behind him in English.
我在英语方面不如他。
(8) below 数量低于,官衔低于
He is below the average at the school.
他在学校的成绩是平均以下。
(9) except 除……之外,但……不包括在内
I looked everywhere except in the bedroom.
除卧室之外我到处都找了。
(10) from
①表示距离,间隔
Their home is about ten minutes' walk from the school.
他们家离学校大约10分钟的路程。
②出于,由于,因为
The child cried from hunger.
这孩子饿得直哭。
③由……,表示来源,出处
I received a letter from my sister.
我收到了我姐姐的来信。
(11) like
①像、如、似
What does the man look like?
那个人长什么样?
②像……一样
Don't throw it like that.
不要像那样扔。
(12) of
①的(表示所属关系)
This is a friend of mine.
这是我的一个朋友。
②表示特征
We are of the same age.
我们是同龄人。
③表示范围
The child has eaten some of that cake.
孩子已将那块蛋糕吃掉了一些。
④表示构成的材料
The knife is made of wood and metal.
这把小刀是由木头和金属制成的。
(13) off
①从……下来,离开
The girl fell off the bike.
那个女孩从自行车上摔了下来。
②离…一些距离
The factory is 100 metres off the building.
工厂离这栋楼有100米远。
(14) on 关于
He gave a talk on computers.
他作了一个关于计算机的报告。
(15) under 处于……过程之中
The watch is under repair.
手表正在维修中。
(16) with
①有,带有
She is a beautiful girl with blue eyes.
她是一个漂亮的碧眼女郎。
②表示伴随关系
Are you going to the park with us?
你打算和我们一起到公园去吗?
③表示原因
My mother is in bed with a bad cold.
我母亲得了重感冒,卧病在床。
④对于、关于
Everything is going well with me.
对我来说,一切都顺利。
( 17 ) without 没有,缺乏,无(与with相反)
You can't buy things without money.
没有钱你买不到东西。
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