振聾發聵！中聯辦副主任“三問”香港青年

中央人民政府駐香港特別行政區聯絡辦公室副主任楊建平10月28日在“員工專欄”撰文，提到母校南開大學創校校長張伯苓著名的“愛國三問”，

幾天前，我受邀參加香港天津聯誼會聚會，慶祝新中國成立70週年和聯誼會成立25週年。會場內歡聲笑語，載歌載舞，滿滿的正能量。

A few days ago, I was invited to a dinner party organized by the Hong Kong Tianjin Friendship Association (HKTJFA) to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China along with the 25th anniversary of the HKTJFA. Signs of positive energy, such as laughter, singing and dancing, permeated the entire venue.

我與天津結緣，是因為我的母校南開大學。“文革”後內地恢復高考，我有幸成為首批大學生，在南開度過了美好的4年時光。今年是新中國70華誕，也恰是南開大學建校百年，剛剛過去的10月17日，母校舉行了隆重的慶典。

Thanks to my alma mater, Nankai University, I have become attached to the city of Tianjin. I was fortunate enough to be among the first batch of undergraduates who spent an enjoyable four years in Nankai after the National College Entrance Examination was reinstated after the “cultural revolution” (1966-76). This year not only marks the 70th birthday of New China, but also happens to be the centennial of Nankai University. A ceremonious celebration for my alma mater was held on Oct 17.

沒能返津為母校慶生，頗覺遺憾，但有關母校的記憶，這些日子始終縈繞腦海。最最銘記不忘的，當是創校校長張伯苓先生那著名的“愛國三問”。

I have regretted not being able to return to Tianjin to attend the celebration. Nonetheless, memories of my alma mater always linger in my mind, with the most striking one being the three questions on patriotism posed by the founding president, Zhang Boling.

張伯苓先生著名的“愛國三問” 圖源：網絡圖片

“你是中國人嗎？”

“Are you Chinese?”

“你愛中國嗎？”

“Do you love China?”

“你願意中國好嗎？”

“Do you wish China well?”

這振聾發聵的三問，在舊中國苦難深重的年代裡，深深撞擊著掙扎求索的仁人志士的心，激發起一茬又一茬南開人的報國之志、愛國之情，鑄就了南開大學綿延不息的愛國傳統。抗戰時期，日本侵略者轟炸南開校園，試圖摧毀南開人的抗日意志。但南開人是嚇不倒的！一大批南開學子投筆從戎，奔赴抗日前線。張伯苓校長的第三個兒子就是這其中的一員，他加入空軍，搏擊長空，最終捐軀沙場，為祖國付出了年輕的生命。

These three thought-provoking questions struck a chord with many people who were struggling to find a solution to the old China’s predicament, and sparked the passion and patriotism among students and staff of Nankai University, which has since maintained a tradition of patriotism. When Japan waged war against China, Japanese invaders bombed the campus of Nankai University in an attempt to annihilate the local resistance against Japanese invaders. However, the Nankai community was not intimidated! A large number of Nankai students quit school to join the army and went to the frontline of the war against the Japanese invasion. The third son of school president Zhang was one of them. He joined the air force and fought the enemy in the sky, eventually sacrificing his young life for the country.

而今，“愛國三問”被大大的鐫寫在南開校園內。新學年開學時，臺上，校長一句一句大聲發問，臺下，師生們鏗鏘有力報以肯定的回答，此情此景，令人激動不已，熱血沸騰。

Today, the three questions on patriotism are largely seen on the Nankai campus. At the beginning of the new school year, the president of the school asks each question aloud in front of the teachers and students, who all respond with an affirmative answer. That atmosphere is rousing and breathtaking.

南開大學舉行愛國奮鬥精神報告會 圖源：新華網

默頌著“愛國三問”，環顧眼下之香港，我陷入了沉思。

Looking at the current situation of Hong Kong, the “three questions on patriotism” has made me deeply reflective.

習近平主席說，“一個不記得來路的民族，是沒有出路的民族。”不少香港青年，不知道近代以來祖國遭受列強欺辱的歷史，不熟悉新中國成立後翻天覆地的深刻變革，也不瞭解香港與國家榮辱與共、不可分割的緊密聯繫，缺乏對國家和民族的認同感。“滅人之國，必先去其史”，這是英國殖民統治的苦果，也是迴歸後香港教育的嚴重缺失。

President Xi Jinping said: “A nation that forgets its origins will find itself in a blind alley.”Many Hong Kong youngsters are oblivious of Chinese contemporary history in which our motherland was subject to foreign aggression and humiliation. They are unfamiliar with the fact that China has undergone earth-shaking reforms since the founding of New China, are unaware of the inextricable connection between Hong Kong and the motherland in which we share weal and woe together as a single entity, and lack a sense of identity with their own country. Not only is it the bitter fruit of British colonial rule, but also it is the result of a serious deficiency in education since the reunification.

香港今日之亂，除卻社會民生問題的積怨外，集中暴露了部分港人尤其是青年人對國情認知的偏頗，以至於有人藉著“反修例”發洩對國家的仇恨，散播分離和“港獨”理念，竟然可以毫無忌憚、毫不掩飾，足見香港社會國家意識的扭曲已經到了何等嚴重的地步！

Apart from the deep-seated social and livelihood issues, the current unrest in Hong Kong exposes the reality that some people in Hong Kong, particularly some youngsters, are misinformed about the Chinese mainland. Some of them are so misguided that they are taking advantage of the anti-extradition-bill movement to vent their unwarranted hatred against their own country and even blatantly advocate separatism. This demonstrates how seriously national identity has been distorted in Hong Kong society!

痛心之餘，禁不住也生“三問”，想問問香港的青年朋友。

Feeling distressed, I cannot help but raise my own three questions for young people in Hong Kong.

▌一問，你瞭解今天的中國嗎？

新中國70年，由積貧積弱的“東亞病夫”，變成經濟總量超過日本與歐盟之和的世界第二，人均壽命從30多歲提高到70多歲。這個14億人口的大國有著完整的工業體系、卓越的創新能力和強大的國防力量，在國際事務中舉足輕重。改革開放創造了持續40年的高速增長，平均每3秒鐘就有1個人跨過貧困線，被聯合國嘆為奇蹟。北斗、蛟龍、嫦娥、5G，還有橫跨伶仃洋的港珠澳大橋，驚人的科技發展和基礎建設，令這個國家日新月異。近20年全球新增森林覆蓋率相當於多出一個亞馬遜雨林，其中四分之一來自中國的貢獻。

As New China enters its 70-year anniversary, it has transformed itself from the “sick man of East Asia” to the second-largest economy in the world, with GDP greater than that of Japan and European Union put together. The life expectancy of the Chinese population has increased from about 30 years to more than 70 years. With a population of 1.4 billion people, China has a comprehensive industrial system, with huge capacity in innovation and national defense, which enable China to play an important role in international affairs. The reform and opening-up policy has facilitated rapid and sustained economic growth over the past 40 years. On average, every three seconds has seen one person climb out of poverty, which is regarded as a miracle by the United Nations. The Beidou Navigation Satellite System, the Jiao Long submarine, the Chang’e robotic spacecraft mission, the 5G technology and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge are remarkable technological and infrastructural developments that have showcased the country’s progress. In the past 20 years, the increase in forested area in the world is equivalent to an Amazon rainforest — and one-quarter of the new forested area is contributed by China.

10月31日，5G商用啟動儀式在北京舉行 圖源：網絡圖片

你或許不否認中國的經濟成就，但對中國的政治制度嗤之以鼻。的確，如果拿美國式民主做標準，中國恐怕永遠不合格，因為中國不搞多黨制和三權分立。中國也有選舉，但更注重協商，“有事好商量，眾人的事眾人商量”，更能體現民主的真諦。行政、立法、司法、監督，這些現代國家管理的制度模塊中國都有，而政協卻是中國所特有。一黨執政、多黨合作、政治協商，這種政治制度兼顧公平與效率，能夠集中力量辦大事，減少扯皮，更適合中國的國情和快速發展的需要，成為新中國經濟騰飛的制度保障。“經濟很強，政治很糟”，這是西方社會強加於中國的標籤，是一個難以自圓其說的悖論，卻騙了太多的香港人。

Some people might sniff at China’s political system while admiring its economic achievements. Indeed, if American-style democracy is regarded as the benchmark, China will probably never pass the test as it does not embrace the multiparty system or the separation of powers. There are also elections in China, but the focus is more on consultation, which better reflects the true meaning of democracy. The executive, legislature, judiciary and supervision are modern governing institutions that China has also established, while the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference is unique to China. One-party rule, multi-party collaboration and political consultation form a political system that balances fairness and efficiency, which enables the country to concentrate on macro initiatives and reduce political wrangling. This political establishment is more suitable to China’s national conditions and better caters to the country’s need for rapid development, and it therefore has become a protection mechanism that guarantees New China’s economic take-off. Western countries like to label China as “powerful in economy but dreadful in politics”. It is a paradox too difficult to justify, yet it has deceived too many people in Hong Kong.

▌二問，你能脫離中國嗎？

香港從來就是中國的領土，迴歸後是中國的一個特別行政區。說什麼是香港人而不是中國人，這是荒唐無知加邏輯混亂。你可以離開香港，

Hong Kong has been part of China from time immemorial, and became a special administrative region after the reunification. It is preposterous and nonsensical to say that Hong Kong people are not Chinese. One may leave Hong Kong and migrate to another country, but body features like dark hair and yellow skin are innate qualities that cannot be altered. Whether they like it or not, as long as they live in Hong Kong, most of the water, electricity, meat and vegetables are from the northern hinterland. Wherever they travel to, as long as they possess an SAR passport, the Chinese embassy is the only place they can seek help when problems arise.

內地的資源源源不斷地為香港民眾生活和經濟發展提供“動能” 圖源：網絡圖片

一個國家只有一個主權，香港與國家不可分割。那些舉著美國旗、英國旗遊行示威的人，大概是想讓外國

A country can only have one sovereign power, and Hong Kong is inseparable from the State. Those who marched with the American and British flags probably wished foreign governments would protect them and govern Hong Kong. But China is no longer the one that was subject to arbitrary oppression in contemporary history; the central government in Beijing and the 1.4 billion Chinese people will not permit any act that brings disgrace and humiliation upon our country again!

▌三問，你看到中國的未來嗎？

過去70年，中國人民從站起來到富起來，正在走向強起來。中國的發展藍圖已經繪就，到本世紀中葉將建成富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國。這也恰恰是香港“一國兩制”50年不變的節點，“兩制”相得益彰，香港和祖國共享榮光。中國的發展是任何力量都阻擋不了的，經濟總量居世界第一已是指日可待。這不是妄想，制度優勢和經驗積累，以及14億人的戮力同心，終究會讓中國夢變為現實。

In the past 70 years, Chinese people have stood up; our country has become prosperous and is becoming stronger. China’s development blueprint of becoming a strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern nation by the middle of this century has already been outlined. The timing precisely coincides with the 50-year deadline of “one country, two systems”. The “two systems” complement each other and allow Hong Kong and the motherland to share mutual glory. China’s development is inexorable, and it is just a matter of time before the nation becomes the biggest economy in the world. This prospect is not pie in the sky. The institutional advantages and the abundant experiences China enjoys, synergized with the solidarity of 1.4 billion citizens, will eventually turn the Chinese dream into reality.

有些人看不到這個前景也不奇怪，時至今日，“歷史終結論”“中國崩潰論”依然不絕於耳。我們已經不捱打了，也已經不捱餓了，但還在捱罵，因為人家控制著話語權和輿論場。中國被西方罵，是因為我們走了一條不同於西方的國家治理道路。惟其如此，無論中國共產黨為中國人民也為國際社會辦了多少好事，還要被罵，被視為另類。中國並不想輸出制度，我們只是找到了一條適合自己的發展路徑，而且要堅定的走下去。當今世界正處於百年未有之大變局，其核心是制度的競爭，而中國真的不懼怕制度競爭！70年的滄桑鉅變給了我們底氣，令我們對未來充滿自信！

It is not surprising that some people do not see these bright prospects. To date, “theories” such as “the end of history” and “collapse of China” are still lingering in our ears. Chinese citizens are no longer abused nor starved, yet insults are still hurled at us simply because the world’s mainstream media and opinion are controlled by the West. China is reproached because it has embarked on a path different from that of the West. Consequently, no matter how many good deeds the Communist Party of China has done for the Chinese people and the international community, it will still be repeatedly bashed and treated as a nonconformist. China does not intend to export its political system; it is only that we have found a path of development that suits us, and we are determined to continue with this path. The world is undergoing great changes unseen in a century, with a focus on competition among political systems, of which China is not afraid. Seventy years of vicissitudes have given us much confidence to look forward to a bright future!

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關鍵字: Tomy 天津 三問