2018-07-18 17:51:07 幣圈卡丘

以下內容來自微信公共帳號“EOS技術愛好者”，搜索“EOSTechLover”即可訂閱，翻譯Lochaiching。

本文原文鏈接為https://steemit.com/eos/@ecaf/what-ecaf-has-learned-since-the-launch-of-the-eos-mainnet，由“EOS技術愛好者”翻譯。

What ECAF has learned since the launch of the EOS MainNet

自EOS主網啟動以來，ECAF學到了什麼

Introduction and Background

介紹和背景

There has recently been a lot of discussion about the nature of Arbitration in EOS and the status of the EOS Core Arbitration Forum (ECAF). This post gives a retrospective of events over the past 5 weeks and presents the lessons that ECAF has learned.

最近，關於仲裁在EOS中的性質以及EOS核心仲裁論壇(ECAF)的地位，引發了大量的討論。這篇文章回顧了過去5周的事件，並講講ECAF在其中得到的經驗和思考。

The EOS MainNet launched a little over 5 weeks ago to a lot of fanfare. A default Constitution was put in place naming ECAF as the organisation to resolve disputes on the EOS blockchain according to its published Rules for Dispute Resolution (RDR). ECAF’s RDR which governs the way it makes rulings can be foundhere（https://eoscorearbitration.io/home/governance/）. However, the conversion of the EOS ERC-20 token to EOS MainNet token became a point of friction. Some Ethereum account holders fell prey to alleged phishing scams, others claimed to have lost their EOS private keys or even simply failed to register their ERC-20 tokens.

EOS 主網在5個多星期前啟動，引起了很大的轟動。根據公佈的糾紛解決規則(RDR)，制定了一項默認的公約（Constitution），將其命名為解決EOS區塊鏈上糾紛的組織。ECAF的RDR管理裁決的方式可以在這裡（【翻譯|治理】EOS核心仲裁法庭爭議解決規則）找到。然而，EOS ERC-20代幣轉換到EOS主網代幣成為一個摩擦點。有些以太坊賬戶的持有者就遭到了所謂的釣魚欺詐，有些則聲稱自己的EOS私鑰已經丟失，有些甚至乾脆沒有註冊ERC-20代幣。

A very brief summary of the events that ensued immediately after: Claims were made to ECAF by 7 individuals to assist with accounts whose private keys had allegedly been compromised on the Ethereum network. To prevent imminent loss of funds, the 21 active Block Producers who were in office at that time unanimously elected to freeze the affected accounts on their own. As per procedure, the BPs subsequently filed a dispute against themselves seeking ECAF review of their action. Thereafter an Emergency Arbitrator was assigned to review this case, along with additional claims. The Emergency Arbitrator, upon review of the facts of those cases, ordered that the 7 accounts and a further 20 accounts be frozen pending further investigation. Most of those accounts are now in a blacklist and effectively frozen pending further action from ECAF.

我們來用簡短的話來總結隨後發生的事件：7個個人賬號向ECAF提出申訴，以協助據稱在以太坊網絡上被洩露其私鑰的賬戶。為了防止資金的流失，當時在任的21位BP一致決定凍結受影響的賬戶。按照程序，BP們隨後對自己提出了ECAF對其行為進行審查的要求。之後，指派了一名緊急仲裁員，連同其他申訴要求一起審查。緊急仲裁員在審查了這些案件的事實後，下令凍結這7個帳戶和另外20個帳戶，等待進一步調查。目前，這些賬戶中的大多數都被列入了黑名單，在ECAF採取進一步行動之前，這些賬戶實際上已被凍結。

Issues surfaced

問題浮出水面

Throughout this process, several issues surfaced. The most notable were as follows.

在整個過程中，出現了幾個問題。最值得注意的幾個如下：

Inconsistent constitutional agreement

The EOS Constitution is not shown to users in a consistent way and hence it is difficult to establish that they have agreed to it.

不一致的公約協議

EOS公約（Constitution）沒有以一致的方式向用戶顯示，因此很難確定用戶是否都同意它。

Poor awareness of Arbitration's existence

Despite references in both White Papers and in nearly every outbound communication about the governance of the system, many in the Community were not aware of the existence of Arbitration and the powers accorded to the Arbitrators. This led to baseless fears that ECAF and its Arbitrators were wielding “arbitrary powers”. Compounding this was the perception that ECAF was/is a shadowy body with an unclear membership, a perception unfortunately fueled by ECAF’s lack of a public communications officer or budget.

對仲裁存在的認識不足

儘管在白皮書和幾乎所有關於系統治理的內容中都有提到仲裁，但社區中還是有許多人並不知道仲裁的存在以及仲裁員的權力限度。這導致了大部分人覺得ECAF及其仲裁員擁有“任意權力”，而這是沒有根據的擔憂。更糟糕的是，人們認為ECAF是一個成員不明確的影子主體。不幸的是，ECAF缺乏對外溝通的正式人員和預算，也讓有這種看法的人產生越來越多的誤解。

Lack of on-chain communications

There is no on-chain based system for account to account communication. As such at launch the BPs and ECAF had not yet established their communications protocol. Rulings were thus not communicated in a consistent manner, leading BPs in some cases to question their source, and in other cases apparently not to receive them at all.

缺乏鏈上溝通

目前沒有基於鏈上賬戶之間的通信系統。在啟動時，BP和ECAF還沒有建立兩者之間的通信協議。因此仲裁決定並沒有用一個一致的方式來溝通，導致BP在某些情況下質疑它們來源的真實性，在其他情況下顯然根本不接受這些裁決。

Lack of anticipation of the sensitivity around the potential for abuse of power

Although there are a multitude of checks and balances built into the system, ECAF failed to anticipate the sensitivity the Community would have to accusations, however baseless, of risks of abuse of power.

缺乏對權力濫用敏感性的預期

儘管在這個系統中構建了大量的檢查和平衡機制，但ECAF未能預見到社區對濫用權力危險的指責，不管這些指責是否毫無根據。

Lack of funding

A lack of pre-launch funding meant that ECAF was not able to put in some of the structures it needed for efficient operation.

缺乏資金

由於缺乏啟動前的資金，ECAF無法為建立有效運作所需的結構做支持。

Poor understanding of the Arbitration procedure

There is a broad lack of understanding of the detailed procedure.

1cases are generally not public affairs.

2the Emergency Arbitrator’s role is to set controls in motion quickly, in preparation for a later, more careful phase.

對仲裁程序瞭解不足

人們普遍缺乏對每一步程序的理解。

1、案件一般不是公共事務。

2、緊急仲裁員的作用是迅速地設置提案的控制，為以後更詳盡的階段做準備。

Areas for improvement

需要改進的地方

To address these points ECAF has identified the following key areas for improvement:

為了解決這些問題，ECAF確定了重點需要改進的領域:

Forum transparency

1ECAF will be modifying its website to ensure that its personnel are clear.

2More visibility will be given to the Arbitrator nomination process. (We are still open for nominations by the way. Please see the criteria for Arbitrators and details of the nomination process here（https://forums.eosgo.io/discussion/935/what-makes-a-good-eosio-arbitrator-and-how-are-they-trained）and here（https://forums.eosgo.io/discussion/1104/eos-core-arbitration-forum-nominations-announcement）. Nominations are to be made via the following telegram channel https://t.me/EOSArbNominations).

論壇的透明度

1、ECAF將修改其網站以確保公眾對其成員是有處可循的。

2、將對仲裁員提名程序給予更多的關注（順便說一下，我們目前還接受提名。請在此處查看仲裁員的標準和提名過程的細節。提名將通過電報頻道https://t.me/eosarb進行）。

On and Off-chain Communications

1In the absence of an on-chain messaging system, an on-chain process for the communication of Arbitral notices and rulings has been adopted, details are here （https://steemit.com/eos/@ecaf/draft-proposal-for-ecaf-s-official-notification-system）. All Future official notices, orders, rulings, etc. will be capable of being authenticated and recorded on-chain and delivered from the official ECAF EOS account: ecafofficial.

2ECAF will be recruiting one or more volunteer Community Manager(s) to help with coordinating our off-chain, non-case-specific communications. Know someone who is interested? Let us know using the links at the end of this post.

鏈上和鏈下的通信

1、在鏈上通信系統沒有出現的情況下，仲裁通知和裁決的通信採用了鏈上程序，詳情如鏈接（https://steemit.com/eos/@ecaf/draft-proposal-for-ecaf-s-official-notification-system）。所有未來的官方通知、執行命令、裁決等將能夠在鏈上被認證和記錄，並從ECAF EOS官方賬戶：ecafofficial 交付。

2、ECAF將招募一名或多名志願者作為社區經理，以協助我們的鏈下非個案的協調溝通。對這件事感興趣嗎？在這篇文章的結尾的鏈接可以找到我們。

Use of technology to enhance the Arbitration process

ECAF’s role is to provide the best support for the case file: storage of evidence and signalling of progress can be assisted by technology including blockchain DApps. ECAF is working with some members of the Community to build technology that will ease this.

利用技術加強仲裁程序

ECAF的作用是為案例文件提供最好的支持：可以藉助區塊鏈中DApp等技術存儲證據和進展信號。ECAF正在與社區的一些成員合作，開發技術從而使這個問題得到緩解／解決。

Funding

ECAF is currently composed of predominantly unpaid volunteers. In order to allow ECAF to finish putting in place some of the necessary structure it needs, ECAF will commence charging for its services.

It will implement a 3 stage fee system comprised of the following elements:

1Non-refundable filing fee: to be paid on submission of a case. This fee will be waived for the 27 frozen accounts.

2Final admin fee: to be paid when the case is accepted and an Arbitrator assigned

3Arbitrator fees: to be paid at the conclusion of the case and to compensate the Arbitrators and Case Managers for the time they have spent on the case

4Fees are separate from the Bond that parties may be required to post as surety against potential judgments

資金

ECAF目前主要由無償志願者組成。為了讓ECAF能夠完成它所需要的一些必要性的結構，ECAF將開始對不同的服務進行收費。

將會實施一套三個等級的收費制度，包括以下內容:

1、不做退還的申請費用：在提交案件時支付。這27個凍結賬戶的費用將被免除；

2、最終管理費：當案件被受理並指派仲裁員時支付；

3、仲裁員費用：在案件結案時支付，併為仲裁員和案件管理人在案件上所花費的時間付費；

4、費用與當事人可能被要求提供擔保的押金（Bond）是分開的，以防止潛在的判決。

Other points worth noting

其他值得注意的點

Case transparency and the Presentation of evidence

1The process in RDR is thus: In the Ruling, the Arbitrator will combine a presentation of Findings together with the logic of the rules or law. When confidentiality is required, the Arbitrator will explain why evidence is not made public.

2Although the community treasures the approach of full transparency, this is simply not possible in dispute resolution. Some essential privacy and confidentiality must be maintained so that the Arbitrator can encourage the presentation of full evidence to reach the facts of the case.

3In contrast, transparency of the case file is a valuable tool for oversight, community confidence and training.

4Therefore the Arbitrator has to walk a fine line. The Arbitrator remains in control of what evidence is surfaced in every case - it is by its nature a subjective decision that can only be made with the very case in mind.

案件透明度和證據的提供

1、RDR的過程是這樣的:在裁決中，仲裁員將把調查結果的陳述與規則或法律的邏輯結合在一起。當需要保密時，仲裁員將解釋為什麼某些證據不公開。

2、儘管社區非常珍視完全透明的方法，但這在解決糾紛中是不能盡善盡美地完成的。必須保持一些基本的隱私和機密性，以便仲裁員能夠鼓勵提供充分的證據，以達到案件的事實。

3、相反，案件檔案的透明度是監督社區信任和教育的寶貴工具。

4、因此，仲裁員必須謹慎行事。仲裁員仍然掌握著在每一個案件中出現的證據——從本質上來說，這是一種主觀的決定，只有在考慮到這個案件時才能做出決策。

Arbitrators

A diverse pool of Arbitrators are required to deal with cases filed by non-English speaking individuals. Efforts to recruit Arbitrators and Case Managers with a variety of languages skills will continue.

仲裁員

需要有各種各樣的仲裁員來處理非英語人士提出的申訴。我們將繼續努力招聘具有不同語種的仲裁員和案例管理人員。

What next?

下一步是什麼?

Status under the current Constitution

Under the current EOS Constitution ECAF has the mandate to resolve disputes relating to the blockchain and will continue to exercise this mandate.

在現行公約（Constitution）下的地位

根據現行的EOS公約（Constitution），ECAF有權解決與此區塊鏈有關的糾紛，並將繼續行使這一職權。

Cases are processed by their Arbitrators according to the RDR.

This is the normal process, and is designed to ensure that all sides have a fair chance to present their case, so that the Arbitrator can produce a fair ruling that fits the case.

案件由他們的仲裁員根據RDR規則處理

這是正常的程序，目的是確保各方都有公平的機會提出他們的案件，以便仲裁員能夠作出符合案件的公平裁決。

Frozen accounts

As of this time, multiple accounts have been frozen by duly issued orders from their assigned Emergency Arbitrators. The freezing of those accounts is not the end, but actually the starting point for the process to figure out who should be the rightful owner where multiple people seem to have a claim on it. Contrary to the public perception, these are complex cases to resolve as they involve multiple blockchains, including multiple smart contracts, as well as some websites and possible contracts established there. We believe that there is currently no other organisation, in, or outside EOS, that is setup to deal with the complexity of these issues.

ECAF accepts that communication with Claimants regarding their cases has been slow. Going forward ECAF commits to providing them with regular updates on their case status.

凍結賬戶

截至目前，多個賬戶已被其指定的緊急仲裁員發出的正式命令凍結。凍結這些賬戶並不是最終的結果，在這個過程中，許多人似乎都對這些賬戶擁有所有權。與公眾的看法相反，這些都是複雜的案件，因為涉及到不同的鏈，包括多個智能合同，以及一些網站和可能的合同。我們認為，目前除了在EOS內，沒有任何其他組織能夠處理這些問題的複雜性。

ECAF承認與申訴人進行案件的溝通是緩慢的事實。未來的ECAF承諾向公眾提供案件進展最新的更新情況。

Arbitrator Ratification

Once the referendum contract is in place, ECAF will be seeking token holder ratification of its slate of arbitrators.

仲裁員批准

一旦全民公投合約生效，ECAF將尋求代幣持有人認同批准其仲裁員名單。

Alternative Constitutions

EOS is and always was intended to be a governed blockchain. For this purpose ECAF was set up to be the primary, default and base layer forum of dispute resolution. A new constitution, if ratified, could include alternative approaches such as there being many arbitration forums, or an absence of base layer arbitration.

As this is a highly charged and political proposal, ECAF will not formally comment on it but instead will allow the individuals within ECAF to debate.

替代的公約

EOS一直是一個受治理的區塊鏈。為了這個目的，ECAF被設置為主要的、默認和基礎的解決糾紛的論壇。新版公約（constitution）如果得到批准，可以開始嘗試不同形式，如有多個仲裁論壇，或缺少基礎層面的仲裁。

由於這是一個充滿爭議的政治提議，ECAF不會正式對此發表評論，但允許ECAF內部人員進行討論。

Provider of Arbitration services

ECAF sees itself as being a full-stack provider of EOS Arbitration services, and will continue to provide either full or speciality services according to the mandate expressed in a blockchain Constitution or other contract. ECAF’s trained Arbitrators and Case Managers will be an excellent choice for dispute resolution services for DApp writers and communities throughout the EOS ecosystem.

仲裁服務的提供者

ECAF認為自己是一個完整的EOS仲裁服務提供者，並將繼續根據區塊鏈公約（Constitution）或其他合約規定的授權的範圍內提供全面或定製的服務。ECAF訓練有素的仲裁員和案例管理人員將是整個EOS生態系統的DApp作者和社區解決糾紛的最佳選擇。