大家好,我是一名两个孩子的爸爸。当孩子在学习中会遇到很多问题或者知识点,我用文章的形式或者视频(后续)的形式呈现给大家。一是和有着相同经历的家长朋友们共同探讨孩子的学习;二是分享相关的知识点,用来补充缺乏这些知识的家长们。在有些文章里会穿插不同年龄段的不同学科的知识,主要是为了丰富和扩展更多的知识和学习乐趣。现在分享英语中比较常见的名词相关知识,包含并列连词的用法、引导状语从句的从属连词、引导宾语从句的从属连词和中考透视。
注意:文末有福利!
连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,不单独用作句子成分。
连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。
一、并列连词的用法
1.表并列关系
表示并列关系的并列连词有and, neither…nor, not only…but (also), both…and, as well as等。如:
Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不正确。
Not only my father but also I am interested in football. 不仅我爸爸而且我也对足球感兴趣。
Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl.
她和索菲娅都喜欢这姑娘。
Tom as well as I walks to school every day.
汤姆和我每天步行去上学。
2.表转折关系
表示转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, while, however等。如:
I failed again, but I won't give up.
我又失败了,但我不会放弃的。
I was born in Dalian while I grew up in Canada.
我出生在大连,然而在加拿大长大。
3.表因果关系
表示因果关系的并列连词有so, therefore, for等。如:
I got up late, so I didn't catch the early bus.
我起床晚了,所以没赶上早班车。
The days get long, for it is already July.
天变长了,因为已经是七月了。
4.表选择关系
表示选择关系的并列连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。如:
Work hard, or you will fall behind.
努力学习,否则你会落后。
Either you or he is going to do some shopping this afternoon. 今天下午或者你或者他去购物。
[提醒]
(1)both…and…意为“不但……而且……”,连接两个成分作主语时,谓语要用复数。
(2)neither…nor…意为“既不……也不……”; not only…but (also)…意为 “不但……而且……”;either…or…意为“或者……或者……”。它们连接两个成分作主语,其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
(3)as well as意为“而且,还,又”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致。
二、引导状语从句的从属连词
1.引导时间状语从句的连词:when, while, before, after, since, until, as soon as等。如:
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.
新鲜的蔬菜最好。
She's been playing the piano since she was eight.
她从八岁起就弹钢琴了。
I'll let you know as soon as I get to Beijing.
我一到北京就通知你。
2.引导条件状语从句的连词:if, unless, as long as等。如:
If it is fine tomorrow, we'll go to the park.
如果明天天气好,我们就去公园。
My father will look for another job unless the company offers him more money.
我爸爸将找另外一份工作,除非这家公司给他更多的报酬。
3.引导目的状语从句的连词:so that, in order that等。如:
He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.
为了能赶上早班车,他起得很早。
4.引导原因状语从句的连词:because, as, since等。如:
Since everyone is here, let's begin.
既然大家都在这儿,那我们就开始吧。
5.引导结果状语从句的连词:so…that,such…that等。如:
The horse ran so fast that I couldn't follow it.
马跑得如此快,以至于我跟不上它。
6.引导让步状语从句的连词:though, although,even if (=even though), whatever等。如:
I can't still understand the article though there are few new words in it.
尽管这篇文章里几乎没有生词,但我还是读不懂。
7.引导比较状语从句的连词:than, as…as…, not as/ so…as等。如:
I think English is as important as maths.
我认为英语和数学同等重要。
[提醒]
(1)在if引导的条件状语从句和as soon as, when引导的时间状语从句中,遵循“主将从现”的原则。
(2)though,although不与but连用,但可以和yet, still连用。
三、引导宾语从句的从属连词
1.that引导陈述句作宾语从句。
He told me that he would move to Japan the next year.
他告诉我明年他将搬到日本。
2.if/ whether引导一般疑问句作宾语从句。
I don't know if/ whether there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车。
3.wh疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句。
He didn't tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们应该再见面。
[提醒]
(1)that无实际意义,可省略。
(2)if/ whether 意为“是否”。
(3)在if/ whether以及wh疑问词引导的宾语从句中,引导词后面要保持陈述句语序。
四、中考透视
( )1. [2011·潍坊] —Mom, when shall we go to Weifang Museum this weekend?
—Oh, sorry. I'm going to Beijing for a meeting. ________ Saturday ________ Sunday is OK.
A.Neither; nor
B.Both; and
C.Either; or
D.Not only; but also
解析:A 此题考查连词用法。neither… nor意为“既不……也不”;both…and意为“……和……都”;either…or意为“或者……或者”;not only…but also意为“不但……而且”。句意“妈妈,这个周末什么时候我们能去潍坊博物馆?”“哦,对不起。我将去北京开会。周六和周日都不行。”故选A。
( )2. [2011•河源] ________ there were only five soldiers left at the front, ________ they went on fighting.
A.Because; so B.If; and
C.Though; but D.Though;/
解析:D though/although 意为“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用。
( )3. [2012• 滨州] Mary, put on your coat, ________ you'll catch a cold.
A.and B.or C.so D.but
解析:B or 意为“否则,要不然”。
( )4. [2012•泰安] —Could we go and watch the football game?
—No, ________ you have the tickets.
A.if B.unless
C.because D.since
解析:B unless=if…not…意为“除非”,引导条件状语从句。
( )5. [2012•福州] ________my father________ my mother take good care of me. I love them so much.
A.Either; or B.Both; and
C.Neither; nor D.Not only; but also
解析:B both…and…意为“……和……都”,连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
( )6. [2012•玉林] ________ he exercises every day, ________ he is very healthy.
A.Because; so
B.Because; though
C.Because; /
D.Though; /
解析:C because引导原因状语从句,表示最直接的原因,不能与so连用。
( )7. [2012•宜昌] —Where are you going for the coming winter camp?
—I won't decide on the place ________ the end of this month.
A.until B.unless
C.though D.through
解析:A not…until意为“直到……才”
( )8. [2012•包头] A true friend can see the pain in your eyes ________ everyone else believes the smile on your face.
A.while B.because
C.before D.until
解析:A while意为“然而”,表示转折关系。
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