這一講，我們學習美國英語日常語法視聽說寫第41課，代詞與指代的先行詞。
L:Kaveh, I know we talked about this subject before, but I still don't quite get it.
K:Get what? Well, it's not that hard to explain.
L:I mean I already know about it, but sometimes finding examples is a bit hard.
K:Ok, what is it?
L:It is an interesting topic, and we should have enough time to go over it.
Would you tell already?
K:Antecedents! I was thinking of talking about Antecedents.
An Antecedent is just a word or phrase that comes before another word.
It's typically the noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to.
Mark hurt his ankle.
We use Antecedents to avoid repeating nouns.
The Brady kids are graduating and they are throwing a party.
L:So if I say, when you give candy to children, give them what they like.
The antecedent would be "children", and "them" and "they" are pronouns.
K:You got it! And remember, even though the word Antecedents means "to go before" in Latin,
sometimes it doesn't appear before its pronoun.
When you see him, tell the teacher I'll be 10 minutes late for the class.
L:I see how Antecedents are important.
It makes sentences clear for listeners and readers.
I'm sure it improves writing as well.
K:It does! But be careful of using unclear Antecedents,
like in the sentences: Mary helped Michelle, but she wasn't happy about it.
In this example, we don't know who "she" is.
L:So this is a good example of an unclear antecedent.
最後就是背誦默寫，沒必要做到一詞不差，但你得積累用英語表達“have, has, had”這個話題，也就是這段話的要點，歸納如下：
1.An Antecedent is just a word or phrase that comes before another word.It's typically the noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to.
2.So if I say, when you give candy to children, give them what they like.The antecedent would be "children", and "them" and "they" are pronouns.
3.And remember, even though the word Antecedents means "to go before" in Latin,sometimes it doesn't appear before its pronoun.When you see him, tell the teacher I'll be 10 minutes late for the class.
4.But be careful of using unclear Antecedents,like in the sentences: Mary helped Michelle, but she wasn't happy about it.In this example, we don't know who "she" is.
美音語境，中文註釋。看視頻跟讀，聽語音記錄，背要點默寫，沒語言環境就這樣聽說讀寫！
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