英語學不好,那是因為你沒每天看第48篇:主動句變被動句易錯點


英語學不好,那是因為你沒每天看第48篇:主動句變被動句易錯點


主動句變被動句的易錯點


1、含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時,可分別將其中的一個賓語變為主語,另一個不動,但變間接賓語為主語的情況較多

主動句:
Tom gave me a present on my birthday.
我生日那天湯姆送了我一件禮物。
被動句:
I was given a present by Tom on my birthday.
A present was given to me on my birthday by Tom.

注意:
如果把直接賓語(指物)改為主語,則在間接賓語(指人)前加適當的介詞:
一般說來,在 bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,sell,show,take,tell 等動詞後,通常在間接賓語前用介詞 to
而在 build,buy,cook,cut,choose,do,fetch,find,fix,get,keep,make,order , paint , play , sing 等動詞,一般在間接賓語前用介詞 for,此時for不可省略。

主動句:


Mother make me a new skirt.
母親給我做了條新裙子。
被動句:
A new skirt was made for me.

主動句:
She lent me the very expensive coat.
她把她那件昂貴的外衣借給了我。
被動句:
The very expensive coat was lent to me.

另外,有時用間接賓語作主語講不通或不習慣,則用直接賓語作主語
主動句:
Tom wrote me a letter.
湯姆給我寫了一封信。
不說:1 was written a letter by Tom.
可說:A letter was written to me by Tom.

注意:
賓語從句一般不可作為被動句的主語
主動句:
He told me when the project would start.
他告訴我工程什麼時候開始。
不說:When the project would start was told to me.
可說:1 was told when the project would start.

2、含複合賓語(賓語+賓補)的主動句改被動句時,一般把主動句中的賓語改為主語,而賓語補足語都保留在謂語動詞後面為主語補足語
主動句:
We always keep the classroom clean.
我們總是保持教室清潔。
被動句:
The classroom is always kept clean.
教室總是保持清潔。

主動句:
We saw them playing football.
我們看到他們在踢足球。
被動句:
They were seen playing football.
有人看見他們在踢足球。

注意:
如果賓補是名詞,變被動句時,不要誤把賓補的名詞作主語
主動句:
We called him an ass.
我們叫他傻瓜。
不說:An ass was called him.
可說:He was called an ass.

3、帶有形式賓語it的句子也可變為被動句
主動句:

We consider it wrong to shout at children who make mistakes.
我們認為對犯錯誤的孩子大喊大叫是不對的。
被動句:
It is considered wrong to shout at children who make mistakes.

4、當主語句的主語是nobody,no one等含否定意義的複合不定代詞時,被動句中將其變成anybody,作by的賓語,並將謂語動詞變為否定的被動語態
主動句:
Nobody can lift this stone.
誰也拿不起這塊石頭。
不說:This stone can be lifted by nobody.
可說:This stone cannot be lifted by anybody.



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