再比如 2017-4-22 考題：
Some people think advertising may have positive economic effects, while others think it has negative social effects for individuals since they are discontented with what they have and who they are.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
話題依然是廣告，話題類型是討論類，討論兩個問題：
（1）廣告為什麼會產生經濟效應
（2）廣告對個人帶來的負面影響。
對於第一個觀點，我們依然可以把素材做這樣的遷移：
廣告可以促進經濟的發展 是因為廣告能促進產品的銷售，而促進銷售的原因是名人的宣傳以及本身時尚的引領。
It is reasonable to believe that advertising is responsible for the rise of economy.
Advertisements provide customers with enormous information about products and normally lead a fashion trend when new products are promoted.
This practice can encourage consumers to follow fashion, aiming to gain a sense of identity by purchasing these fashionable products.
The desire to keep pace with the time prompts people to buy new products regularly rather than retaining old ones for a long period of time which increases the consumption to a larger extent.
2016-1-14 「犯罪類主題」
A recent newspaper article reported that a 14-year-old boy who seriously destroyed his school got a punishment to clean streets instead of being sent to the prison. Do you think this is right? Should young criminals be sent to the jail?
【分析】
該題以非常新穎的新聞報道出題形式出現，報道中詳細地指出：
1、小孩的年齡為14歲。
2、小孩具體做的事情是嚴重地損壞了學校。
看似隨意的報道內容卻恰恰點出了本題解題的關鍵所在：14歲意指 teenager；
seriously destroy his school = a violent attack 意味著事件的嚴重程度已構成犯罪。
再把整個內容聯 系起來就可以理解為 a teenager criminal；
此外，報道中也提到了對此事的懲罰措施是 clean the streets instead of being sent to prison.
分析得出以上信息，烤鴨們就可以把整個觀點理解為：
A teenager who committed serious crimes is punished to clean streets instead of being sent to prison.
觀點的最後有兩個問題需要回答，我們可以嘗試分別給出不同的答案來決定哪一種觀點更容易解題。
【觀點一】
兩個同時肯定，即認為讓青少年犯罪分子去打掃街道的懲罰方式是正確的，同時也認可送進監獄的好處。
根據這樣的觀點，主體段落一需要論證讓青少年犯罪分子去打掃街道的好處，但在之前的素材積累中，並沒有出現 clean streets 相關的內容，不過大家可以把 原有素材做部分表述的處理：
Community service, such as cleaning street, is an effective and constructive approach to remind young people of their misbehaviors.
It has been noticed that those once wrong doers do not often turn out to be good law obeyers after the jail term is over.
More often than not, it seems that many become re-offenders.
Clearly, without aiming to solve the problem within such lost people, traditional punishment system only plays the rule of suppressing rather than rehabilitating them.
The service exactly tends to modify their mental misunderstanding and make them realize the damage they bring to the society because it is the inner unresolved issues that propel many to go astray.
主體段落二證明監獄處罰的好處，大家又可以運用之前的素材啦：
It is certainly true that prisons have served to prevent young criminals from committing further crimes, thereby protecting ordinary citizens.
What remainders also valid is the fact that it has the added effect of deterring otherpotential criminals from performing such legally unacceptable activities.
Thus to a certain extent, I do agree that putting criminals in prisons is one useful way to ensure social stability and harmony.
【觀點二】
認為這種做法是不對的，並且認為一定要把犯罪的青少年送進監獄。
段落一：論證讓犯罪的青少年打掃街道的壞處（素材可以做如下調整）
Community service, such as cleaning street, is a less effective and constructive approach to remind young people of their misbehavior.
It has been noticed that those once wrong doers do not often turn out to be good law obeyers after service term is over.More often than not, it seems that many become reoffenders.
Clearly, without aiming to solve the problem within such lost people, traditional punishment system only plays the rule of suppressing rather than rehabilitating them.
Such practice has little effect in changing the problematic thought system in the minds of wrong-doers, as it is still geared towards addressing external problems rather than internal ones.
And in many affluent societies, it is the inner unresolved issues that propel many to go astray.
段落二：第二段依然證明送進監獄的好處，上述素材也依然可以完全遷移
It is certainly true that prisons have served to prevent young criminals from committing further crimes, thereby protecting ordinary citizens.
What remainders also valid is the fact that it has the added effect of deterring other potential criminals from performing such legally unacceptable activities.
Thus to a certain extent, I do agree that putting criminals in prisons is one useful way to ensure social stability and harmony.
【觀點三】
前者表示肯定，後者持否定，即認為打掃街道的有效性，否定把犯罪的 青少年送進監獄的做法。
段落一：打掃街道的好處。
Community service, such as cleaning street, is an effective and constructive approach to remind young people of their misbehavior.
It has been noticed that those once wrong doers do not often turn out to be good law obeyers after the jail term is over.
More often than not, it seems that many become re-offenders.
Clearly, without aiming to solve the problem within such lost people, traditional punishment system only plays the rule of suppressing rather than rehabilitating them.
The service proves to be lenient with their misbehavior and tends to modify their mental misunderstanding by making them realize the damage they bring to the society.
It is the inner unresolved issues that propel many to go astray.
段落二：送進監獄的弊端，這個內容和已有素材不相符，但一樣可以遷移，只是需要把內容全盤否定即可。
It is certainly untrue that prisons have served to prevent criminals from committing further crimes, thereby protecting ordinary citizens.
What remainders also invalid is the fact that it has the added effect of deterring other potential criminals from performing such legally unacceptable activities, which is noticeably evident for the disappointing phenomenon that youth crime rate rises at a constant rate.
Thus to a certain extent, I do not agree that putting criminals in prisons is one useful way to ensure social stability and harmony.
【觀點四】
兩者都否定，即認為打掃街道的做法不正確，也不贊同送進監獄。
但很顯然，這樣的回答似乎不符合常理。所以呀我們看範文並不是死記硬背，而是需要理解題目表象及其本質，更重要的是領會範文的思路。
（2）包含與被包含
--------------舉個栗子-------------
「例1」
Millions of dollars are spent on space research every year. Some people argue that the money should be spent on improving living standards on Earth.
Do you agree or disagree?
本題由一個事實「政府給與太空探索投入了很多資金」+ 單觀點「認為政府更應該把錢用於提高生活水平」構成。從政府的角度來說，任何方面的投資都有一定的意義。
對此，本題觀點可以表達為：
While it is of great importance for government to improve living standards, other sectors are also well worth the financial support.
觀點中的其他方面，可以針對 space exploration 展開。
The urgency for exploring the outer space is the challenge of resource depletion.
Overpopulation consumes resources at an alarming rate, and this predicts the scarcity of rare resources, such as gold and silver, on the Earth in a soon foreseeable future.
It is the very time to research for some energies and resources to make up for the potential exhaustion.
Other planets, on the other hand, could be ideal for humans to exploit alternative natural resources.
太空探索是一個比較大的話題，除了以上所提及的開發新能源以及為人類遷徙做準備之外，還有別的思路可以參考，比如科研方面、國際地位等。
「例2」
The world of work is changing rapidly.People today no longer take one job for life.Discuss the causes of these changes.
What suggestions would you make for young people to prepare themselves for the work in the future?
【分析】
本題屬於report 題型，分析很多人換工作的原因以及給年輕人的就業建議。
就原因來說，我們可以從以下2個方面思考：
1、主動換工作。
這種情況一般都是積極因素，比如為了更高的薪水以及更好的 就業機會；
2、被動換工作。
主要考慮消極因素，比如科技的發展代替了傳統的缺乏技能的勞動者，自身的能力不足被淘汰以及整體經濟蕭條導致就業機會減少。
再看 2014-1-11 的考題：
Many young people in workforce choose to change their jobs or career after few years.
What do you think are the reasons for this?
Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
【分析】
Report和觀點類的混合。就原因分析來說，大家可能會忽略題中的短語：「choose to」
這個短語表明年輕人換工作是主動行為，所以論述原因只能選擇上述素材的積極部分，而不能全部引用。
總而言之，寫作素材的新舊確實是判斷烤鴨能力的一部分，也是拿高分的亮點所在，但是這種積累並不能一蹴而就。如果大家可以在短時間內學會素材遷移，相信一定可以起到事半功倍的效果。
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