中國大陸考生雅思寫作平均在5.5分左右，可見寫作一直是我們特別頭疼的一項。就詞彙這項來說，有些同學在背單詞的時候非常困惑備考時把一本單詞書都背下來了，考試的時候用複雜、長的單詞，但是為什麼寫作的成績還是上不去呢。為了解決這個問題，武漢環球教育王瓊老師就從寫作評分標準中的詞彙這項，給大家支支招。
首先，來看下詞彙這項7分的要求：
uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision
uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation
由此可以看出詞彙這項的要求是靈活性、準確性和學術性。
如何用詞靈活呢？
方法一：同義詞
例如題目：Caring for children is an important thing of the society. It is suggested that all mothers and fathers be required to take childcare training courses. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
可以找出同義替換詞care-look after important-significant it is suggested that -some people hold the opinion that mothers and fathers-parents take-attend
再把句型改下就可以寫出開頭段的改寫。
Some people hold the opinion that attending childcare training courses is crucial for all parents, since it plays a significant role in looking after children.
因此，大作文要積累話題同義詞。例如教育類，需要積累：
獲得知識 acquire/ gain/ obtain/ get access to knowledge
參與教學活動 participate in / take part in/ get involved in teaching activities
傳授 instruct/ impart...to / equip...with等等的表達。
小作文要積累題型同義詞。例如線圖，需要積累。
上升 v increase grow climb rise go up
下降 v decrease fall decline drop go down等等的表達。
方法二：派生詞
例如：上育兒培訓課程給父母帶來很多好處。可以寫成：
Attending childcare training courses brings several benefits to parents .
Attending childcare training courses is beneficial to parents.
因此，背單詞的時候可以記憶一個單詞的名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等形式。
方法三：代詞
代詞包括：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、關係代詞等。具體運用例如：
Another misconceived idea of childcare is that it is a simple process of feeding children and making them sleep regularly. Contemporary childcare is not limited to this. 這兩句中用了 it them this三個代詞。
方法四：上下義詞
一個詞的意思包含另一個詞，詞義被包含的叫下義詞，包含其他詞的叫上義詞。
具體運用例如：上義詞+such as/ like/ including+ 下義詞。
As for those who cannot afford the cost of the course, they could acquire childcare knowledge by other methods, such as books, TV programs and the Internet. 這句中舉例用了下義詞books, TV programs and the Internet。
如何用詞準確？
先來看幾組詞：大爺old man大雨heavy rain 大房子big house 大額 large amount
看電視 watch TV 看報read newspaper 看父母 visit parents看醫生 see a doctor 由此可以看出中文的“大”在英文中根據修飾對象的特點有不同的詞，中文的“看”在英文中根據賓語的特點有不同的詞。
提高準確性的方法
方法一：查 corpus of contemporary American English，在這個網站中可以查到短語的搭配使用頻率。
方法二：積累搭配，在英文原版素材中積累寫作話題相關的詞彙。
如何用詞學術性呢？
首先來看一個列表：
例如：Young parents equipped with sufficient childcare knowledge can better protect their babies/ infants from various risks, better catch on to/understand a child' s emotional needs and help set up/establish healthy eating habits. 根據上面的列表，可以看出baby，catch on to，set up這三個詞是非正式用語，需要修改。
最後，希望通過以上的方法介紹能對大家在詞彙上靈活性、準確性和學術性的提升。
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