考前，就背这些范文
分类研读书面表达真题，助飞高考写作
高考的脚步越来越近，许多考生仍因为自己作文的强差人意而惴惴不安，而又无从入手。笔者以为，越是临近，要快速提高本部分的秘诀仍在于潜心研读、背诵一些真题和模拟题范文，对其进行分类整理，强记各类书信对应的开头和结尾，尤其不同体裁的关键用词。
对于一篇好的作文，笔者认为有2点尤为重要：
1.审体裁。明确体裁，方能明确文章开头的写作目的以及结尾段的关键用词或可套用句型；另外，这点有时对信件表述所使用的语气也非常重要；
2.养成将写作内容分为3段的模式和思维习惯，并明确对三个段落的内容进行划分。第一段包含：
(1)考虑是否需要进行自我介绍（有的需要，有的不需要）；
(2)判断需交代的背景信息及其位置。（尤其对于书信，有的背景信息置于写信目的之前，如邀请信，求职信等；而有的置于其后，如道歉信中的因何事道歉）
对此，作者整理了近10年一些高考真题和部分模拟题，希望能在最后阶段能助各位考生一臂之力。建议大家多留意各提供范文的开头结尾和笔者加下划线部分，尤其是其用词；另外，大家不妨多多研读范文中的一些状语和定语的处理，揣摩一些非谓语或介词短语，甚至于插入语的用法，争取从中获益。
一、邀请信
【2016•新课标全国II 】
假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部（photography club）将举办国际中学摄影展。请给你的英国朋友Peter写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：
1.主题：环境保护；
2.展览时间；
3.投稿邮箱：intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
Dear Peter,
An International High School Student Photography Show, organized by our school photography club, is to be held from June 15th and last for three weeks with the theme of environmental protection. Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. Therefore, I am writing to invite you to take part in the activity.
Amateur photographer as you are, I know you really take good pictures and that you have always been longing to do something for environmental protection. I sincerely hope that you can spare some time to select some on that theme and let more people enjoy your wonderful works. If interested, you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【2015•新课标全国II】
假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1. 出发及返回时间；
2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
Dear Lucy,
Aiming to express our love and care for the elderly, we students intend to go on a visit to the nearby nursing home for the Double Ninth Festival next Saturday. It is a meaningful activity because it is the day for the elderly in our culture and I am writing to invite you to join us.
As is scheduled, we will leave school by bus at 9:00 a.m. and be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. After our arrival, there will be many activities, such as making dumplings and cakes, giving performances, playing games, and so on.
Please let me know whether it’s convenient for you to come with us. Looking forward to your joining us.
Yours
Li Hua
点评：这2篇都属于邀请信。邀请信的要点是：1.因何事邀请对方参加该活动；2.邀请人需了解的与活动相关的信息；3.希望对方能应邀参加。建议背诵范文的开头段与结尾段，可以作为此类书信的万能句子。
二、求助信
【2016•新课标全国I】
假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Mr Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式。
Dear Ms Jenkins,
I am Li Hua, one of your students last term, and I am writing to ask you to do me a favor.
In order to get some practical experience, I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capital company in the approaching summer holiday. I have already finished my job application and personal resume. However, it is the first time that I have written an application and resume, so I am not quite sure of the language and the format I have used. I would appreciate it if you could take some time to go through my application letter and resume attached and make some necessary changes.
Extremely thankful for that and looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【2007全国卷Ⅰ】
假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：
1. 年龄；
2. 性别；
3. 爱好（旅游、运动、宠物等）。
Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua, one of your students. I’m writing to see whether it is convenient for you to do me a favor.
Aiming to improve my English as well as learning more about western cultures, I expect to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone who not only is interested in traveling and swimming, but also has a pet dog as I do. I believe that it will be a great pleasure to have such a friend, with whom I can share our traveling experiences or how to take care of pets.
I would appreciate it if you could introduce me such a perfect pen friend. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
点评：这2篇都属于求助信。对于求助信，交代清楚要对方帮忙的事件是很重要的。另外，此类信件还有注意语言表述的委婉和礼貌性。值得一提的是，第3篇第二部分其实属于介绍类文体，针对此类文体，若能灵活运用非谓语和介词短语，将为您的作文增色不少。如：In the shape of a diamond, each about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide, these knots look extremely beautiful but are only 12.99 US dollars each.中，In the shape of a diamond介词短语来说明中国结的形状；each about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide独立主格结构说明其长宽。
三、咨询信
【2014 全国卷I】
假定你是李华，计划暑假间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, a student in China. I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the approaching summer vacation. I’ve seen your ad. on the Internet, and quite interested, I am writing for more/further relevant information about your six -week English course.
First of all, would you please tell me when the course will start and how many students a class consists of? Besides, how many class hours are there per week and how much I have to pay for the course? In addition, I wonder whether accommodation is included. Meanwhile will students live with a host family or in student accommodation /university dormitory?
I would appreciate it if you could give me a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours
Li Hua
【2005全国卷Ⅰ 】
假定你是李华，正在英国牛津参加短期语言培训，计划星期天去伦敦旅游。互联网上一则广告引起了你的注意，但一些具体信息不明确（箭头所指内容）。请给该旅行社发一封电子邮件，询问有关情况。
Dear Sir/Madame,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese student taking a language training course at Oxford University. I happened to come across your ad. on the Internet.Quite interested, I am writing for more/further information about the day tour to London.
Above all, I wonder whether there is a discount for students. As for the money you charge, does it cover all the entrance fees for visiting the places listed as well as lunch? Besides, would you be kind enough to inform me when we will return? Last but not least, is there any time for shopping? I have been longing to have a look at the big stores in London.
I would appreciate it if you could give me a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：询问信类的开头和结尾基本可以当万能句型强记下来，另外第二段的询问信息部分，建议可以采用陈述与疑问句混用的形式，增强句子的多变性。
四、约稿信
【2015全国I 】
书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：
1. 栏目介绍；
2. 稿件内容；
3. 稿件长度：约400词；
4. 交稿日期：6月28日前。
Dear Peter,
I’m writing to invite/ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” column/section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. And I wonder whether it is convenient for you to write something on the culture in your part of the United States. We would especially welcome articles concerning how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, as well as the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?
Looking forward to your early reply and seeing your interesting articles.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：约稿信一般开门见山，说明写信目的。第二段的着眼于所要稿件的内容类型和其他要求。
五、招聘启事
【2010辽宁卷 】
你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你以短文形式写一则招聘启事。内容主要包括：
——母语是英语，汉语流利者优先
——解答英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动
——每周4小时，报酬面议
——联系人：李华（Tel:13011223344）
English Advisor Wanted
The Student Union of our school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.
The advisor’s main tasks include helping answer students’ questions in learning English and helping organize activities such as singing English songs, English evenings, and so on. The applicant should be a native English speaker. Furthermore, the candidate who also has a good command of Chinese is preferred. Besides, the advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week.
If you are interested, please call Li Hua at 13011223344 for an interview. Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.
Student Union
点评：招聘启事要点：1. 招聘职位的基本信息（招聘单位和招聘对象，有时还会涉及职位性质， 如全职，兼职或志愿者工作）2. 职位职责和要求 3.简要涉及福利待遇，并提供联系方式。
七、求职信
【2011辽宁卷 】
假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业，你从报纸上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣。请给该公司写一封求职信，包括下列要点：
1.年龄；
2.学习情况及英语水平；
3.兴趣和特长；
4.性格特点。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. Quite interested in this position, I’ am writing to apply for it.
I, aged 18 years old, am to graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. As an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students, I have a good command of English, especially spoken English. Besides, I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot and like sports as well as outdoor activities. Last but not least, being a good team player, I'm easy to get along with.
I would appreciate it if I could have a chance to work for you. Looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
点评：求职信有几点是可以背一些万能句子的，如信息来源，写信目的和结尾。另外，对于第二段的主体部分，写作时要注意：要点一定放在体现你所具有的，该职位所要求的相关能力上。
八、申请信
【2012 全国卷 I 】
假定你是李华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
内容主要包括:
I.自我介绍(包括英语能力);
2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);
3.希望获准.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I learn from the Internet that a summer camp is to be held in Singapore and that students from different countries are welcome to take part in it. Quite interested, I am writing to apply to participate.
Having been learning English for 10 years, I speak fluent English. What’s more, I am really dying to seize the opportunity to learn more about other countries. Meanwhile, it is also my great honour to introduce anything relevant to China if others are interested.
I would highly appreciate it if I could be accepted as a member of your summer camp. Looking forward to your reply!
Yours;
Li Hua
点评：注意申请信与求职信的区别，尤其是第二部分，求职信以体现自己符合某职位要求为主；而申请信，是以希望自己的某种诉求被通过、获准为主，注意两者尤其是结尾处的区别。
九、预约信
【2011新课标】
假设你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心（Learning Center）的帮助。根据学校规定，你需书面预约，请按下列要点写一封信：
1.本人简介；
2.求助内容；
3.约定时间；
4.你的联系方式（Email：lihua@1236.com；phone：12345678）。
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. Coming across some difficulties and informed that the Learning Center provides help for students in need, I’m writing to ask for help.
This being my first experience to attend a foreign school, I have some difficulty in taking notes in classes. Besides, I have no idea of how to make good use of the library. Therefore, I would appreciate any suggestions you may have. I wonder whether it is convenient for you to make an appointment with me on Tuesday mornings or Friday afternoons since I have no class then. You can get in touch with me by sending an email to lihua@1236.com or calling me at 12345678.
I would appreciate it if you could do me a favor and I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：这个预约信其实是求助与预约的结合版：既要交代清楚存在的问题，又要说明预约见面的时间和联系方式。对于预约信的内容应包括：1.因何事预见对方；2.预约见面的时间/地点和联系方式。
十、建议信
【2008全国卷II】
假定你是李华, 你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文. 请你根据下列要点写回信. 要点:
1. 参加中文学习班;
2. 看中文书刊、电视；
3. 学唱中文歌曲；
4. 交中国朋友。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your letter. Also, it is my great pleasure to give you some advice on how to learn Chinese well.
Above all, I feel it significant to take a Chinese course, which not only gives you a good chance to learn from the teachers but also practice what you learn with your fellow students. Besides, it would be a good idea to watch some TV programs as well as read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese or try to learn and sing some Chinese songs. Last but not least, I suggest that you make more Chinese friends, who will also help you improve your Chinese.
I sincerely hope that you will find the advice I share above helpful. May you make great progress in Chinese!
Yours,
Li Hua
十一、回信告知信息/转告信息
【2016届山东滕州一中学高三10月月考】
假如你是英国的Jack，你的朋友李晓打算到国外留学，他写信询问你什么样的中国学生最受国外高校青睐。请你根据下列要点给对方写一封回信：
1.语言是道硬门槛；
2.适应能力很重要；
3.兴趣爱好被看重；
4.要有社会责任感。
Dear Li Xiao,
I'm glad to hear that you want to study abroad in your letter. Also, it is my great pleasure to share some information concerning what kind of Chinese students are favored in foreign colleges and universities with you.
As far as I know, the language ability is essential/vital, which helps you communicate with others and makes it easier for you to understand the courses. Besides, the ability to adapt quickly to the new environment also counts a lot. In addition, most colleges and universities attach great importance to students’ interests, for they have a lot to do withsuccess. Last but not least, those who are willing toshoulder/take/undertake social responsibility are especially respected and welcome.
I sincerely hope that you will find all I share above helpful. May you succeed and be admitted into an ideal university.
Yours，
Jack
【2012全国卷II 】
假设你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter曾表示希望来中国教书。你校现在需招聘外教，请给他写封信，告知招聘信息。内容主要包括：
1.教授课程：英语口语、英语写作、今日美国、今日英语等
2.授课对象：高中生（至少三年英语基础）
3. 工作量： — 每周 12 学时，任选三门课 — 担任学生英语俱乐部或英语校报顾问（advisor）
Dear Peter,
I remember you once told me you were interested in teaching in China. And it happens that our school is looking for a native-speaker to teach some courses to senior students. Therefore, I am writing to inform you of some relevant information.
First of all, the teacher, once employed, can choose three of the following four courses--Speaking, Writing, America Today and Britain Today, and works 12 hours a week. Besides, the students to take these courses all have at least three years of English learning experiences. Apart from teaching, the teacher is also required to work as an advisor in our students’ English club or our school’s English newspaper.
Please write soon and let me know whether you are interested. If you have any other questions, I will also be more than happy to help.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：这是两篇信息转告信，但仍有区别，一封是回复类，一封直接写信告知招聘信息。注意它们与前一类建议信的区别，最为明显的一点就是语言的表述更具客观性，用词遣句不带有浓烈的个人观点态度。
十二、道歉信
【2016全国卷3】
假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.说明原因；3.另约时间。
Dear Bob,
I am writing to apologize for not being able to go to Xinhua Bookstore by appointment this Friday afternoon, because I have just been informed of attending an important class meeting that afternoon.
I’m extremely sorry for that and I wonder whether it is convenient for you to make it another time and go on Saturday morning. I hope we can set out early so that we’ll have more time to read and select books. And how about meeting at 8:30 outside the school gate? If you are not available, please inform me of it so that we can set some other time for that?
Once again I sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Yours,
点评：道歉信注意其内容衔接：写信目的：道歉（为何事道歉）—原因—如何弥补—再次表明歉意
十三、感谢信
假设你叫李华，现是武汉大学的一名新生。请你根据以下提示，给你中学的英语老师李老师写一封感谢信，表达对他的爱戴和尊敬。要点如下：
1.对英语李老师教学的评价。
2.回顾在校时你的心情。
3.对老师的理解和祝愿。
Dear Mr Li,
I am Li Hua, now a freshman of Wuhan University, which I have been dreaming about. I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to you for helping me improve my English.
I still remember the days when you taught me English. Thanks to your creative work, my English has been improved greatly. However, at one time, the pressure of examinations and the high expectations made me depressed. Luckily, you often encouraged me not to give up. Without your assistance and encouragement, I wouldn’t have the chance to go to college and realized my dream.
Now I really understand you and sincerely thank you again for what you have done for me. I wish more and more of your students could go to their ideal colleges. May you lead a happy life!
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：感谢信写作要点：1. 因何事向对方表示感谢；2. 事情的具体细节；3.再次表达感谢/向对方表达美好祝愿。
十四、投诉信
你是李华，两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物（Bookworm Series）昨天才到货，且包装破损，数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下：
1. 介绍购物情况
2. 反映存在问题
3. 提出解决方案
Dear Dir,
I am one of your customers. I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about the poor Web service I have received.
I ordered a set of Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missing.
It’s my sincere hope that you can investigate the matter seriously and have the matter settled properly, giving me a full refund or delivering a new set of books to me. Looking forward to your early reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
点评：投诉信的要点：1. 因何事向对方提出投诉（make a complaint about…/complain about…）；2. 具体存在的问题； 3. 希望对方能重视并妥善解决这个问题。
十五、留言条
[2009年全国卷（宁夏、海南卷）]
假设你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天的房东Mrs Wilson不在家，你准备外出，请给Mrs Wilson写一留言条，内容包括：
1.外出购物
2.替房东还书
3.Tracy来电话留言：
(1) 咖啡屋（Bolton coffee）见面取消
(2) 此事已告知Susan
June 7th
Mrs. Wilson,
I’m going out shopping and won’t be back until about 5:00 p.m.. I have taken the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 o’clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt extremely sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. And she has already told Susan about this change.
Yours,
Li Hua
点评：此留言条为提纲类书面表达，只需将所列内容要点交代清楚即可（切记不可遗漏）。另外做好信息点之间的衔接、过渡则将为你的文章加分。
十六、邮件/通知
[2009年全国卷（辽宁卷）]
假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区委员会请你帮忙用英文以短文的形式写一封电子邮件，将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。
要点：
时间：下周六上午8：00至11：00
内容：采摘苹果
报名：办公室，下周四下午5：00前
提示：带帽子、手套
Dear neighbors,
We are more than happy to announce that next Saturday morning we'll have a public activity, picking apples in a village 8 kilometers away from our community. It will last three hours and we will leave by bus at 8:00 a.m. and be back around 11 am.. Those who would like to participate can sign up in the community office before 5:00 pm. next Thursday. Besides, it is suggested that you wear a hat and gloves to protect yourselves well. Everyone is warmly welcome to take part in it.
The Community Office
点评：这封邮件（其实邮件也是书信，只不过是当前互联网时代下更便捷的一种信息互通方式罢了）也是提纲类书面表达。从内容看其实是一个通知，若此篇的要求是写一则社区通知，则将Dear neighbors改为NOTICE置于中间即可。通知往往针对某活动，所以需交代清楚通知的事件、对象，活动的时间、地点（有时也包括报名方式）和注意事项即可。
十七、发言稿
【2014陕西卷】
假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据写作要点和写作要求写一篇欢迎词。
写作要点：
1.表示对客人的欢迎；
2.介绍此项活动（如活动目的、内容等）；
3.表达对客人的祝愿。
Dear American Guest,
On behalf of our school, I would like to express/extend our warmest welcome to you. It is our great honour to have your presence here and it is also my great honour to deliver a speech here, saying something about the English Week Activities.
As is scheduled, we have English Talent Show at the Student Centre at two o’clock this afternoon. With the aim of developing our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking, the show consists of various interesting performances and games, such as recitation, singing, story-telling, word spelling and so on. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in some activities. I am convinced that we students will benefit a lot from your presence.
I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us. Thank you for your listening.
点评：发言稿包括欢迎致辞/演讲稿等，语言表述要注意发言者需面对听众，另外发言通常围绕某一话题。
后记：其实在历年的高考中还有一些介绍类文体（如2013年辽宁卷介绍中秋节，2009年全国卷介绍北京前门大街，2006年全国卷介绍学校图书馆，甚至在2013请求朋友帮忙卖中国结中对中国结的介绍）和描述类文体（如2014年全国卷Ⅱ中对我未来生活的描述），针对此类文体，
一、要做好提纲，明确自己的写作内容；
二、适当添加相关信息（注意相关二字，笔者认为添加的信息必须能体现文章中要突出的内容或起衔接作用，否则不添加）；
三、表述中在与前两个要求不冲突的前提下，恰当地使用同位语，介词短语（尤其是as/with短语），非谓语，复合句的将为你的文章添色不少。
笔者将就所提及真题列一些句子以参考：
1. Falling on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar, the Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most popular traditional Chinese festivals.
2. I will be twenty eight years old by then and I am likely to have my own family, probably with a lovely child.
3. In my free time, I'll continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games.
4. Standing for friendship, love and good luck, Chinese knots in China can serve as great gifts to friends or decorations hung in the houses.
5. In the shape of a diamond, each about 5 inches long and 4 inches wide,
6. As a famous street of over 600 years old, Qianmen Street is 800 meters long with more than 300 shops.
7. Inside the library stands many shelves full of books on different subjects as well as lots of newspapers and magazines.
8. Amateur photographer as you are, I know you really take good pictures and that you have always been longing to do something for environmental protection.
9. An International High School Student Photography Show, organized by our school photography club, is to be held from June 15th and last for three weeks with the theme of environmental protection.
--The END--