Python MongoDB 插入文檔

MongoDB中的文檔與SQL數據庫中的記錄類似。

插入文檔到集合

要將記錄(或MongoDB中所稱的文檔)插入到集合中，可使用insert_one()方法。

insert_one()方法的第一個參數是一個字典，包含了要插入的文檔中，每個字段的名稱和值。

示例

在“customers”集合內插入記錄:

<code>
myclient
 = pymongo.MongoClient(
"mongodb://localhost:27017/"
)
mydb
 = myclient[
"mydatabase"
]
mycol
 = mydb[
"customers"
]

mydict
 = { 
"name"
: 
"John"
, 
"address"
: 
"Highway 37"
 }

x
 = mycol.insert_one(mydict)
/<code>

複製

返回_id字段

insert_one()方法返回InsertOneResult對象，該對象有一個inserted_id屬性，保存了插入文檔的id。

示例

在“customers”集合中插入一條記錄，並返回_id字段的值:

<code>mydict = { 
"name"
: 
"Peter"
, 
"address"
: 
"Lowstreet 27"
 }

x = mycol.insert_one(mydict)

print(x.inserted_id)
/<code>

複製

插入文檔時，如果沒有指定_id，將自動分配一個唯一的id。

上面的例子中，沒有指定_id字段，MongoDB為記錄(文檔)分配了一個唯一_id。

插入多個文檔

要將多個文檔插入集合，可以使用insert_many()方法。

insert_many()方法的第一個參數是一個字典列表，包含了要插入的數據：

示例

<code>import pymongo

myclient = pymongo.MongoClient( 
"mongodb://localhost:27017/"
)
mydb = myclient[
"mydatabase"
]
mycol = mydb[
"customers"
]

mylist = [
  { 
"name"
: 
"Amy"
, 
"address"
: 
"Apple st 652"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Hannah"
, 
"address"
: 
"Mountain 21"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Michael"
, 
"address"
: 
"Valley 345"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Sandy"
, 
"address"
: 
"Ocean blvd 2"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Betty"
, 
"address"
: 
"Green Grass 1"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Richard"
,  
"address"
: 
"Sky st 331"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Susan"
, 
"address"
: 
"One way 98"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Vicky"
, 
"address"
: 
"Yellow Garden 2"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Ben"
, 
"address"
: 
"Park Lane 38"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"William"
, 
"address"
: 
"Central st 954"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Chuck"
, 
"address"
: 
"Main Road 989"
},
  { 
"name"
: 
"Viola"
, 
"address"
:  
"Sideway 1633"
}
]

x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)

 
print(x.inserted_ids)
/<code>

複製

insert_many()方法返回InsertManyResult對象，該對象有一個inserted_ids屬性，保存了所有插入文檔的id

插入多個具有指定id的文檔

插入文檔時，如果不希望MongoDB為文檔分配id，可以指定_id字段。

注意，_id值必須是惟一的，任意兩個文檔不能具有相同的_id。

示例

<code>import pymongo

myclient = pymongo.MongoClient(
"mongodb://localhost:27017/"
)
mydb = myclient[
"mydatabase"
]
mycol = mydb[
"customers"
]

mylist = [
  { 
"_id"
: 1, 
"name"
: 
"John"
, 
"address"
: 
"Highway 37"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 2, 
"name"
: 
"Peter"
, 
"address" 
: 
"Lowstreet 27"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 3, 
"name"
: 
"Amy"
, 
"address"
: 
"Apple st 652"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 4, 
"name"
: 
"Hannah"
, 
"address"
: 
"Mountain 21"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 5, 
"name"
: 
"Michael"
, 
"address"
: 
"Valley 345"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 6, 
"name"
: 
"Sandy"
, 
"address"
: 
"Ocean blvd 2"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 7, 
"name"
: 
"Betty"
, 
"address" 
: 
"Green Grass 1"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 8, 
"name"
: 
"Richard"
, 
"address"
: 
"Sky st 331"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 9, 
"name"
: 
"Susan"
, 
"address"
: 
"One way 98"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 10, 
"name"
: 
"Vicky"
, 
"address"
: 
"Yellow Garden 2"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 11, 
"name"
: 
"Ben"
, 
"address"
: 
"Park Lane 38"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 12, 
"name"
: 
"William"
, 
"address" 
: 
"Central st 954"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 13, 
"name"
: 
"Chuck"
, 
"address"
: 
"Main Road 989"
},
  { 
"_id"
: 14, 
"name"
: 
"Viola"
, 
"address"
: 
"Sideway 1633"
}
]

x = mycol.insert_many(mylist)

 
print(x.inserted_ids)/<code>