1.sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
2. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運動，鍛鍊(不可數)，exercises練習(可數)，practice(反覆做的)練習
take exercise 做運動
3. work, job
二者均指工作。work不可數，job可數 a good job，What interesting work it is!
4. cook, cooker
cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook.
5. police, policeman
police警察的總稱，後接複數謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.
6. problem, question
problem常和困難聯繫，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問聯繫，多和ask, answer連用
7. price, prize
price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low.
8. a number of, the number of
a number of許多，謂語動詞用複數。the number of…的數目，謂語動詞用單數。The number of students is increasing.
9. in front of, in the front of
in front of範圍外的前面，in the front of範圍內的前面 A boy sits in the front of the room.
10. next year, the next year
next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語
He said he would go abroad the next year.
11. in bed, on the bed
in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
12. the people, a people
the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.
13. it, one
it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.
14. that, this
that指代上文所提到的，this導出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why…
15. none, nothing, no one
none強調有多少，nothing, no one強調有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人
--- How many…/How much…? --- None.
16. anyone, any one
anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人/物均可，可接of, any one of you
17. who, what
who指姓名或關係，what指職業或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.
18. what, which
what的選擇基礎是無限制的，which在一定範圍內進行選擇
Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?
19. other, another
other後接名詞複數，another後接名詞單數 other students, another student
20. many, much, a lot of
many和可數名詞連用，much和不可數名詞連用，a lot of可數，不可數均可，但不用於否定句 I haven't many books.
21. much more…than, many more…than
much more…than後接形容詞或不可數名詞，many more…than後接可數名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful
22. no, not
no=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any water
23. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself
by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的
24. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
25. tall, high
tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall.
26. fast, quickly
fast側重於指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側重指某事完成或發生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
27. high, highly
high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of(高度讚揚)
28. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby， The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
29. real, true
real真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合 real gold, a true story
30. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語，pleased常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，a pleasant trip，be pleased with…對…感到滿意/開心
31. ill, sick
ill做表語，sick定語、表語均可 a sick boy, He is sick/ill.
32. good, well
good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again.
33. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it.
34. excited, exciting
excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
35. before long, long before
before long不久以後，long before很久以前
36. happy, glad
happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語 a happy girl, I’m happy/ glad to see you.
37. instead, instead of
instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中
He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
38. too much, much too
too much 後接不可數名詞，much too後接形容詞 much too heavy
39. raise, rise
raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please.
40. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk
41. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spend…on sth./(in) doing sth; take物做主語，花時間; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢;sth cost some money
42. join, join in, take part in
join加入某個組織，併成為其中的一員;join in參加小型的活動, join sb. in;
take part in 參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago.
43. learn, study
learn學習，側重學習的結果，study學習，側重學習的過程，研究
study the problem
44. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通常可以實現)，hope to do/ hope that… wish希望(通常不能實現)wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
45. answer, reply
answer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，後接 to, reply to the letter
46. leave, leave for
leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
47. drop, fall
drop及物\不及物均可，fall不及物動詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
48. win, lose, beat
win後接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat後接sb. win the game, beat them
49. live on, live by
live on以…為主食，live by靠…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing
50. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段時間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以
She has had a cold for a week.
51. change for, change into
change for調換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.
52. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
go for a doctor去請醫生，go to a doctor去看病
53. arrive, get, reach
arrive不及物動詞，後接in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get不及物動詞後接to，reach及物動詞
arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing
54. agree with, agree to,
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事， agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sth
55. receive, accept
receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
56. wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表狀態,wear接衣服等,可用進行時，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動作
It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
57. listen, hear
listen強調動作，hear強調結果 I listened, but I heard nothing.
58. look, see, watch
look看的動作，see看的結果，watch強調所看物體的變化、移動和發展watch TV
59. lie, lay
lie躺，位於(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
60. turn, get, grow
turn表突變，後常接表顏色的詞，get強調變的結果，grow強調過程，逐漸的變化
turn yellow, get tired, grow big
61. close, shut, turn off
close和shut當關解時可以通用，用於可開合的物體，turn off用於指有開關的物體
Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.
62. at, in (表地點)
at小地點，in大地點 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai
63. day after day, day by day
day after day日復一日(無變化);day by day一天天地(有變化)Trees grow taller day by day.
64. after, in (表時間)
after接時間點，in接時間段,用於將來時 after 7:00, in five minutes
65. between, among
between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among三者或三者以上之間
Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
66. through, across
through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert
67. above, on, over
above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill
68. until, not…until
until到…為止， not…until直到…才(常跟點動詞連用)I waited until 3:00.
He didn't come until 3:00.
69. besides, except
besides除了…還(包括在內)except除了(不包括在內)，
70. because, because of
because連詞，連接兩句話，because of後接詞或短語
He didn't go to school because of his illness.
71. for example, such as
for example一般只列舉一個，such as列舉多個例子
I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.
72. All right. That's all right. That's right.
All right好吧;That's all right.沒關係;That's right. 那是對的 ---Sorry. --- That's all right.
73. such…that, so…that
當如此…以至於解時，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞，
但名詞前面如果有many, much, little, few修飾用so…that，不用such that
so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
74. Shall I…? Will you…?
Shall I…? 徵求對方意見或向對方請示，意為我能…嗎?
Will you…?請求或建議對方做某事，意為你願意…嗎?
Will you help me? Yes, I will.
