【请假】 Ask for leave 或者take days off
【病假条】Doctor’s note
例句
I broke my leg this morning, have to ask for a sick leave. Doctor said that I need to take at least one week off work, I will make sure to get a doctor's note upon return.
早上我的腿摔断了，我不得不请病假。医生说我至少要请一周的假，我会带着病假条回来上班的。
【批假】Approve sb's leave
例句
My boss did not approve my leave request.
老板没批我的假
【加班】work overtime
【调休】time in lieu/leave in lieu
例句
I would like to take one day off in lieu of the overtime I worked during the Spring Festival.
我春节期间加班了，我想申请调休一天。
【加班费】overtime payment 或者overtime allowance
【报销】reimbursement
例
What is company's policy regarding overtime allowance?
公司关于加班费是怎么规定的？
If I take a taxi home due to working late, could I apply for the reimbursement?
如果我工作到很晚需要打车回家，可以报销车费吗？
【旷工】absence without leave
例
Did you hear that Tom was laid-off because he was absent without leave？
你听说汤姆因为旷工被解雇了吗？
各种不同的假怎么说？
sick leave
病假
Unpaid leave
事假
annual leave
年假
maternity leave
产假
Paternity leave
陪产假
marriage leave
婚假
(素材整理来源于网络，仅供交流学习，侵联删。)
