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The National Republican Senatorial Committee recently issued a 57-page memo named "Corona Big Book," which is an aggressive messaging campaign to attack China for America's coronavirus crisis.
共和党参议院全国委员会近日发布了一份长达57页的报告，名为《新冠大全》。它其实上是一本宣传手册，教人们用最有效的说辞将美国的疫情危机甩锅给中国。
Let's look at its main lines of attack.
报告说要在这几个方面集中火力。
First of all, it claims the virus was accidentally released by a Chinese lab, after decades of careless experiments with viruses, and China fabricated a story about the Wuhan Seafood Market to cover it up.
首先，要把新冠病毒说成是中国实验室的意外泄露，因为中国的实验室数十年来一直从事不规范的病毒实验。与此同时，病毒来自武汉海鲜市场的消息是中国蓄意编造的故事来掩盖真相。
This lab theory has been declared a conspiracy theory by virtually all scientists who analyzed the genome sequencing of the virus. And there is little evidence that China fabricated a seafood market narrative since most of the first cases did have contact with the market.
对这种实验室泄露说，几乎所有分析过新冠病毒基因序列的科学家都认为它是阴谋论。此外，没有切实证据显示中国编造了武汉海鲜市场的叙事，因为最初病例中很大一部分的确有该市场的接触史。
Secondly, the memo says America should impose sanctions on China and treat it like the "pariah state" as it is.
第二，报告称，美国应当对中国施加制裁，用对待“贱民国家”的方式来对待中国。
China, a pariah state? Really? The word Pariah originally refers to members of a low caste in southern India that ended up serving British colonialists.
中国，贱民国家。认真的吗？“贱民”一词原指为英国殖民者服务的印度南部低种姓阶层人口。
Most countries wouldn't use this word for their worst enemy even if its modern-day definition is considered, which is "a nation considered to be an outcast in the international community, subject to isolation, sanctions or an invasion."
即使参照这个词的当代定义“流氓国家”，大多数国家也不会用它来形容自己最坏的敌人，因为它指“应该被国际社会排斥的，可以被孤立、制裁或侵略的国家”。
Thirdly, the memo says that when asked if it is Trump's fault, don't defend Trump, attack China, probably realizing that Trump's failure to contain the coronavirus can hardly be defended.
第三，报告写道，如果有人问起美国疫情是不是特朗普的错，不要为他辩解，只需攻击中国，或许撰写者也意识到了特朗普的抗疫不力不好辩解。
And finally, it calls for attacking the democrats for being too soft on China.
最后，这份报告提出，要攻击民主党人对中国的态度过于软弱。
Apparently, in this day and age, not corroborating the Wuhan lab theory or not being racist are tantamount to sucking up to Beijing.
显然，这年头，不共谋证明武汉实验室泄露论或不种族歧视华人就等于巴结奉承中国政府。
This anti-China propaganda playbook shouldn't be taken lightly though, not in the least, because it was authored by Republican strategist Brett O'Donnell.
可不要小看这本反华宣传手册，它的作者是共和党策略师布雷特•奥唐奈 。
who was the debating coach of former President George Bush whose "war-time president" message helped him win the 2004 re-election.
此人曾经是前总统乔治•布什的辩论顾问，凭借“战时总统”的论调帮助布什赢得了2004年的总统连任。
In 2016, O'Donnell advised Vote Leave, the official political campaign of Brexit, where he helped right-wing candidates hammer home the slogan of "take back control," which again resonated with voters.
2016年，奥唐奈为英国脱欧的官方政治宣传“请投脱欧票”担任顾问，为右翼候选人策划了“重新掌控我们的国家”口号，引发选民强烈共鸣。
Listen to what O'Donnell said about the art of persuasion.
来听一下奥唐奈如何阐释“游说的艺术”。
“One of the most important things in these debates is that you drive the message and that you have a moment that captures the press' imagination and the audience's imagination... not just gets on with facts and figures.”
“在这些辩论中，最重要的事情之一就是制造话题。你必须找到那么一个能触发媒体和观众想象力的点...而不是总想着把事实和数据搞清楚。”
Imagination over facts and figures – observers say that’s a technique underlying decades of messaging campaigns in the U.S.
触发想象大于追求事实。观察人士认为，这正是美国数十年来搞宣传战的重要技巧。
Civilians killed by U.S. military were officially called "collateral damage".
被美军杀害的平民被叫做“附带伤害”……
Torture was "enhanced interrogation methods".
刑讯逼供则是“提高强度的讯问手段”，
CIA kidnapping became "extraordinary rendition".
中情局实施绑架被叫做“非常规引渡”，
And the Invasion of Iraq was, of course, "the preventative war".
侵略伊拉克，当然只算是“预防性战争”，
Behind phrases like these were carefully designed projects.
这些说辞背后都有一套精心设计的宣传方案。
From the Afghanistan Papers that asked senior military members to paint a rosy picture of the intention, strategy and process of the Afghan war,
从指示军方高层对外美化阿富汗战争意图、战略和过程的“阿富汗文件”，
to Pentagon's post-911 commentator project that fed retired generals talking points, and made them appear as "independent" commentators on national television.
到911事件后的五角大楼军事评论员计划。该计划为退役将领提供说辞，并将他们包装成“独立”评论员出现在全国电视台。
And we haven't even mentioned Washington's ultimate messaging campaign: to frame their own narratives as principles and values, while labeling those of their rivals, such as China, as "propaganda."
而我们还没提美国政府的终极宣传战，那就是将自己的叙事奉为原则和价值，把中国等对手国家的叙事描述成“政治宣传”。
A Google search of "China coronavirus propaganda" produces tens of millions of results
在谷歌上搜索“中国的新冠病毒政治宣传”，会出现上千万条搜索结果。
whereas a search of "Western coronavirus propaganda" only generates a quarter of that many items, virtually all of which are about China's "disinformation" in the West, with GOP's Corona Big Book on China nowhere to be found.
而如果搜索“西方的新冠病毒政治宣传”，搜索结果则会减少四分之三，而且内容几乎清一色依然是关于中国在西方散播的“不实宣传”……而美国甩锅中国的宣传手册《新冠大全》却不见踪影。
關鍵字: coronavirus 宣传 病毒
