人大金融交易协会|经济学人刊 Day 14—Privacy and its limits

(阿浦研究院|人大金融交易协会)

人大金融交易协会|经济学人刊 Day 14—Privacy and its limits

导言:

在私人市场中存在“代理成本”问题,并容易产生过度投资、盲目性等问题。

经济词汇:

pre-IPO company——准上市公司

知识补充:

Pre-IPO基金——指投资于企业上市之前,或预期企业可近期上市时,其退出方式一般为:企业上市后,从公开资本市场出售股票退出。同投资于种子期、初创期的风险投资不同,该基金的投资时点在企业规模与盈收已达可上市水平时,甚至企业已经站在股市门口。因此,该基金的投资具有风险小,回收快的优点,并且在企业股票受到投资者追崇情况下,可以获得较高的投资回报。在近几年,在美国、欧洲、香港等资本市场上,已经有基金管理公司专注投资于上市前期企业。规模较大的投资基金,如高盛、摩根士丹利等,在其投资组合中,Pre-IPO投资也是重要的组成部分。

重点句型:

1.And there are grounds to believe that this was no statistical fluke.

句型解释: there are grounds to 含义为“有理由/立场去做某事”,that后加从句“this was no statistical fluke”

翻译文段:

1.The flood of capital into private markets ultimately rests on the belief that they will outperform public ones. There is evidence for this—in the past the best-run private- capital managers have beaten the returns from public markets, even after generous fees. And there are grounds to believe that this was no statistical fluke. Private capital, say its boosters, reduces “agency costs”. These arise wherever somebody (the principal) delegates a task to somebody else (the agent) and their interests conflict. Consider the public markets—no one has a big enough stake to make it worthwhile to monitor firms, which as a result get complacent or indulge in short-term earnings management to the detriment of the long term. Private capital, which is closely held in a few hands, is supposed to get around such agency problems.

2.Yet every investment craze is liable to overreach, blindness to risk and misallocated capital. Recent converts to the private world, dazzled by the historical returns, may not fully appreciate the hazards. The capital washing into San Francisco’s venture-capital industry has bloated both the value of pre-IPO companies and the egos of founder-managers. The big concern is that a shift from public to private capital merely swaps one set of agency conflicts (share- holders v company managers) for another (shareholders v private-asset managers).

1.资本涌入私人市场的最终依据是这样一种信念:私人市场的表现将优于公共市场。有证据表明,在过去,即便是在支付了丰厚的费用之后,运营最好的私人资本管理公司也已经超过了来自公共市场的回报。有理由相信这不是统计上的侥幸。它的支持者说,私人资本降低了“代理成本”。当某人(委托人)将任务委托给其他人(代理人)并且他们的利益发生冲突时,就会出现这种情况。以公开市场为例,没有人拥有足够大的股份以值得对公司进行监督,结果是公司变得自满或沉迷于短期收益管理而损害了长期收益。私人资本被少数人紧紧地控制着,理应绕过这样的代理问题。

2.然而,每一次投资热潮都会导致过度投资、风险盲目和资本配置不当。最近皈依私人世界的人,被历史的回报所迷乱,可能不会完全意识到危险。资本涌入旧金山的虚拟资本行业,既夸大了上市前公司的价值,也夸大了创始人经理的自负。最大的担忧是,从公共资本向私人资本的转移仅仅是将一组代理冲突(股东与公司经理)换成另一组(股东与私人资产经理)。

人大金融交易协会|经济学人刊 Day 14—Privacy and its limits

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