中国文化“走出去”及一带一路背景下,如何使中华文化的翻译纯正地道,注重展现形式的新颖性和创意性,符合国外读者的阅读习惯,为国外受众接受,从而达到多渠道、多层次、多形式推动中华文化对外传播,增强中华文化国际影响力,提升国家软实力的目标。中国文化元素成为翻译硕士(MTI)、考研、四六级等考试中内容,熟记对这些中华文化外传播常用术语成为考生必备干货。下面龙龙伊甸园学堂为大家分批呈现这些历史文化术语。友情加关注,喜欢就点赞。
1) 中华文明 Chinese civilization
2) 文明摇篮 cradle of civilization
3) 华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestor
4) 秦始皇帝 First Emperor, Emperor Chin
5) 皇太后 Empress Dowager
6) 汉高祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD)
7) 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan ; Temujin
8) 夏朝 Xia Dynasty
9) 明清两代 (of) Ming and Qing dynasties
10) 四川 Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan
11) 陝西 Shaanxi
12) 四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
13) 火药 gunpowder
14) 印刷术 printing
15) 造纸术 paper-making
16) 指南针 the compass
17) 汉字 Chinese character
18) 单音节 single syllable
19) 汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters
20) 阳平 level tone
21) 阴平 rising tone
22) 上声 falling-rising tone
23) 去声 falling tone
24) 四书 the Four Books
25) 《大学》 The Great Learning
26) 《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean
27) 《论语》 The Analects of Confucius
28) 《孟子》 The Mencius
29) 《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals
30) 《史记》 Historical Records
31) 《诗经》 The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes
32) 《书经》 The Books of History
33) 《易经》 I Ching; The Book of Changes
34) 《礼记》 The Book of Rites
35) 《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety
36) 《孙子兵法》 The Art of War
37) 《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant
38) 《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms
39) 《西游记》 Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West
40) 《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions
41) 《山海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
42) 《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
43) 《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber
44) 《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin
45) 《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio
46) 《围城》 Fortress Besieged
47) 《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q
48) 五言绝句 five-character quatrain
49) 七言律诗 seven-character octave
50) 八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing
51) 重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage
52) 优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts
53) 文物 cultural relics
54) 中国画 traditional Chinese painting
55) 水墨画 Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting
56) 工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting
57) 中国结 Chinese knot
58) 中山装 Chinese tunic suit
59) 唐装 traditional Chinese garments (clothing),Tang suit
60) 朝廷使者 royal court envoy
61) 文人 men of letters
62) 雅士 refined scholars
63) 表演艺术 performing art
64) 现代流行艺术 popular art, pop art
65) 纯艺术 high art
66) 高雅艺术 refined art
67) 电影艺术 cinematographic art
68) 戏剧艺术 theatrical art
69) 才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies
70) 生 (男性正面角色) male (the positive male role)
71) 旦 (女性正面角色) female (the positive female role)
72) 净 (性格鲜明的男性配角) a supporting male role with striking character
73) 丑 (幽默滑稽或反面角色) a clown or a negative role
74) 花脸 painted role
75) 歌舞喜剧 musical
76) 滑稽场面, 搞笑小噱头 shtick
77) 滑稽短剧 skit
78) 京剧人物脸谱 Peking Opera Mask
79) 皮影戏 shadow play; leather-silhouette show
80) 说书 story-telling
81) 叠罗汉 make a human pyramid
82) 折子戏 opera highlights
83) 踩高跷 stilt walk
84) 哑剧 pantomime; mime
85) 哑剧演员 pantomimist
86) 戏剧小品 skit
87) 马戏 circus show
88) 单口相声 monologue comic talk, standup comedy
89) 特技表演 stunt
90) 相声 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk
91) 杂技 acrobatics
92) 京韵大鼓 the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment
93) 秦腔 Shaanxi opera
94) 武术 martial art
95) 功夫 kung fu
96) 武术门派 styles or schools of martial art
97) 习武健身 practice martial art for fitness
98) 气功 qigong, deep breathing exercises
99) 拳击 boxing
100) 篆刻 seal cutting upriteous
101) 工艺, 手艺 workmanship / craftsmanship
102) 卷轴 scroll
103) 蜡染 batik
104) 泥人 clay figure
105) 漆画 lacquer painting
106) 唐三彩 Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
107) 景泰蓝 cloisonné
108) 文房四宝 The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study --- a writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper
109) 民间传说 folklores
110) 寓言 fable
111) 传说 legend
112) 神话 mythology
113) 古为今用,洋为中用 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve china
114) 赋诗 inscribe a poem
115) 对对联 matching an antithetical couplet
116) 阳历 solar calendar
117) 公历 Gregorian calendar
118) 阴历 lunar calendar
119) 天干 heavenly stem
120) 地支 earthly branch
121) 闰年 leap year
122) 二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms
123) 十二生肖 the twele Chinese zodiac signs
124) 本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches
125) 传统节日 traditional holidays
126) 春节 the Spring Festival
127) 元宵节 the Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)
128) 清明节 the Pure Brightness Festival / the Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)
129) 扫墓 to pay respects to the dead at sb.'s tomb
130) 端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)
131) 中秋节 the Moon Festival / the Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month)
132) 重阳节 the Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day
133) 登高 hill climbing
134) 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day
135) 除夕 Chinese New Year's Eve
136) 年夜饭 annual reunion dinner
137) 拜年 to pay a new year call
138) 探亲访友 to (pay a) visit to relatives and friends
139) 亲朋好友 relatives and friends
140) 大扫除 to thoroughly clean the house
141) 驱厄运 to sweep away ill fortune; to get rid of bad luck
142) 去除灾难 to ward off evils
143) 发红包 to give money in red envelopes; to ha out red envelopes
144) 欢度 the celebration of...; to celebrate"
145) 春联 spring couplets
146) 庙会 temple fair
147) 民间艺人folk artists
148) 祭神 god-worshiping
149) 爆竹,烟火 firecracker; firework(s)
150) 年画 (traditional) new year picture
151) 压岁钱 new year's gift-money
152) 舞龙 dragon dance
153) 花灯 festival lantern
154) 灯谜 lantern riddle
155) 有益的智力活动 beneficial intellectual activity
156) 舞狮 lion dance
157) 赛龙舟 dragon boat race
158) 赏月 to enjoy the full moon
159) 汉字 Chinese character
160) 单音节 single syllable
161) 汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters
162) 阳平 level tone
163) 阴平 rising tone
164) 上声 falling-rising tone
165) 去声 falling tone
166) 五言绝句 five-character quatrain
167) 七言律诗 seven-character octave
168) 八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing
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