Today’s Painting
今日画作
This absolute classic of Russian art is now the jewel of the State Russian Museum's exhibition, llya Repin. To the 175th Anniversary of the Artist's Birth, on view until 9 March 2020. If you're in Petersburg, don't miss it!
这幅画绝对是俄罗斯艺术的经典之作，也是俄罗斯国家博物馆伊利亚·列宾作品展览中的瑰宝。为纪念该艺术家诞辰175周年，这次展览将持续到2020年3月9日。如果您在彼得斯堡，千万不要错过！
In 1868, when sailing on the River Neva in St Petersburg, Ilya Repin caught his first glimpse of men hauling barges. He was stunned at the sight of these unfortunate people in harness, in contrast to the elegant public promenading on the embankments.
1868年，伊利亚·列宾在圣彼得堡的涅瓦河上航行时，首次目睹了拖船的人。他看到这些不幸的人套着挽具拖船感到十分震惊，而在路堤上公众正在优雅地散步，两者形成鲜明的对比。
After two trips to the Volga and a direct acquaintance with many barge haulers, he painted this monumental canvas. One of the leading works of Russian painting, Barge Haulers on the Volga ushered in a whole new era in the history of genre painting.
伊利亚·列宾经过两次伏尔加河旅行，并与许多驳船纤夫直接接触之后，他在画布上完成了这幅不朽的作品。 《伏尔加河上的纤夫》作为俄罗斯绘画的代表作品之一，开创了风格绘画史上一个全新的时代。
Repin elevates a scene often witnessed in real life into a wide generalization, retaining the freshness of a spontaneous impression of life and a sense of the Volga expanses and sunlight.
列宾将现实生活中常见的场景广泛地概括化，既保留了自然又鲜活的生活，又体现了伏尔加河的广阔和阳光。
A gang of barge haulers moves slowly along the sandy bank of the great river. Although they have trodden hundreds of miles, there is still no end to their distant path. While sympathizing with his heroes, Repin also expresses his admiration for their spiritual power and fortitude.
一帮拖船的纤夫正沿着那条大河的沙岸缓慢移动。尽管他们走了几百英里，但他们的遥远之路仍然没有尽头。列宾在同情英雄的同时，也对他们的精神力量和毅力表示钦佩。
The master’s vivid and memorable images were based on portraits of real haulers painted on the Volga. Barge Haulers on the Volga won continental fame when it was shown at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873, while the Imperial Academy of Arts awarded Repin the Vigée-Lebrun Medal for expression.
大师基于描绘伏尔加河上真实的纤夫，而绘制了这幅生动又难忘的作品。1873年，《伏尔加河上的纤夫》在维也纳世界博览会上展出时，赢得了来自欧洲的赞誉，同时帝国艺术学院则把维杰·勒布伦奖章授予列宾作为表彰。
Artist Introduction
画家简介
llya Yefimovich Repin was a Russian realist painter. He was the most renowned Russian artist of the 19th century, when his position in the world of art was comparable to that of Leo Tolstoy in literature.
伊利亚·列宾是俄罗斯写实画家。他是19世纪最著名的俄罗斯艺术家，当时他在艺术界的地位可与列夫·托尔斯泰在文学界的地位相提并论。
He played a major role in bringing Russian art into the mainstream of European culture. His major works include Barge Haulers on the Volga (1873), Religious Procession in Kursk Province(1883) and Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (1880–91).
他在将俄罗斯艺术带入欧洲文化主流中发挥了重要作用。他的主要作品包括《伏尔加河上的纤夫》（1873年），《库尔斯克省的宗教游行》（1883年）和《扎波罗热哥萨克人的回信》（1880-91年）。
Repin was born in Chuguyev, in the Kharkov Governorate (now Ukraine) of the Russian Empire into a military family. He entered military school in 1854 and in 1856 studied under Ivan Bunakov, a local icon painter.
列宾出生于俄罗斯帝国哈尔科夫省（今乌克兰）楚格耶夫的一个军人家庭。他于1854年进入军校，并于1856年向一个当地的圣像画家伊凡·布纳科夫学习绘画。
He began to paint around 1860. He met fellow artist Ivan Kramskoi and the critic Vladimir Stasov during the 1860s, and his wife, Vera Shevtsova in 1872 (they remained married for ten years). In 1874–1876 he showed at the Salon in Paris and at the exhibitions of the Itinerants' Society in Saint Petersburg.
他在1860年左右开始绘画。在1860年代，他遇到了艺术家伊万·克拉姆斯科伊和评论家弗拉基米尔·斯塔索夫，并在1872年结识了他的妻子薇拉·舍甫佐娃。（他们的婚姻维持了十年）。在1874年至1876年，他参加了巴黎的沙龙和圣彼得堡巡回协会的展览。
He was awarded the title of academician in 1876.In 1880 Repin traveled to Zaporozhia in Ukraine to gather material for the 1891 "Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks". His "Procession in Kursk Province" was exhibited in 1883, and "Ivan the Terrible and His Son Ivan" in 1885.
1876年，他被授予院士称号。1880年，列宾前往乌克兰的扎波罗热，为1891年《扎波罗热哥萨克人的回信》收集素材。他的《库尔斯克省大游行》在1883年被展出，《可怕的伊凡和他的儿子伊凡》在1885年被展出。
In 1892 he published the Letters on Art collection of essays. He taught at the Higher Art School attached to the Academy of Arts from 1894. In 1898 he purchased an estate, the Penates, in Kuokkala, Finland (now Repino, Saint Petersburg).
1892年，他出版了艺术论文集。他从1894年开始在艺术学院附属的高等艺术学校任教。1898年，他在芬兰的库卡卡拉（现为圣彼得堡的列宾诺）购买了佩纳茨庄园。
In 1901 he was awarded the Legion of Honour. In 1911 he traveled with his common-law wife Natalia Nordman to the World Exhibition in Italy, where his painting "17 October 1905" and his portraits were displayed in their own separate room.
1901年，他被授予荣誉军团勋章。1911年，他与同居的爱人纳塔莉亚·诺德曼一起前往意大利的世界展览会，在那里他的画作《1905年10月17日》和其他肖像画分别在各自的展览室中展出。
In 1916 Repin worked on his book of reminiscences, "Far and Near", with the assistance of Korney Chukovsky. He welcomed the Russian Revolution of 1917. Celebrations were held in 1924 in Kuokkala to mark Repin's 80th birthday, followed by an exhibition of his works in Moscow.
1916年，在科尔尼·楚科夫斯基的协助下，列宾撰写了他的回忆录《远与近》。他支持1917年的俄国革命。1924年，为纪念列宾诞辰80周年，库克卡拉举行了庆祝活动，随后他的作品在莫斯科展出。
In 1925 a jubilee exhibition of his works was held in the Russian Museum in Leningrad. Repin died in 1930 and was buried at the Penates.
1925年，他的作品在列宁格勒的俄罗斯博物馆举行周年大庆。列宾于1930年去世，被埋葬在佩纳茨。
Vocabulary
单词解析
glimpse
英 [ɡlɪmps] 美 [ɡlɪmps]
n.
一瞥;一看;短暂的感受(或体验、领会)
v.
瞥见;看一眼;开始领悟;
harness
英 [ˈhɑːnɪs] 美 [ˈhɑːrnɪs]
n.
马具;挽具;(用于人，起固定或保护作用的)背带
v.
给(马等)上挽具;用挽具把…套到…上
promenade
英 [ˌprɒməˈnɑːd] 美 [ˌprɑːməˈneɪd]
n.
公共散步场所;(常指)滨海步行大道;漫步
v.
(在海滨、公园等)散步，漫步
embankment
英 [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt] 美 [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt]
n.
堤;堤岸;堤围;(公路和铁路)路堤
acquaintance
英 [əˈkweɪntəns] 美 [əˈkweɪntəns]
n.
认识的人;泛泛之交;熟人
spontaneous
英 [spɒnˈteɪniəs] 美 [spɑːnˈteɪniəs]
adj.
自发的;非筹划安排的;常心血来潮的
sympathize
英 [ˈsɪmpəθaɪz] 美 [ˈsɪmpəθaɪz]
v.
同情;赞同;支持
fortitude
英 [ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd] 美 [ˈfɔːrtɪtuːd]
n.
(在巨大痛苦或困难面前表现出的)勇气，胆量，刚毅
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