2019年高考二轮复习 书面表达之图画类

教材版本

全国通用

课时说明（建议）

2课时

知识点

书面表达图画类

复习目标

（1）知识目标：了解图画类书面表达的命题特点、解题方法及技巧。

（2）能力目标：熟练掌握常考的语法点，正确运用解题思路及备考策略。

（3）情感目标：揭开图画类书面表达的面纱，使学生树立信心，从容应对。

复习重点

图画类书面表达的写作形式

复习难点

图画类书面表达的写作形式

一、高考回顾

（2018，北京卷）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

【答案】

Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.

On arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.

In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.

Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. Washing the tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring water into the cups, they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.

At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value. And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over the world.

【解析】

今年主要以“体验中国茶文化”为主题，贴合了实际生活。首先看懂图画，弄清要点：1、参观茶室；2、示范沏茶过程；3、体验沏茶、品茶；4、合影留念。写作时注意使用主旨句，在保证要点齐全的前提下适当增加句子的长度和难度，借助非谓语、定语从句、倒装等语法形式来给文章增色，同时注意文章的连贯效果，注意使用一般过去时。

二、知识清单

1．给提示结构

通过原题的简单叙述要求及图画的内容，我们基本可以了解文章的写作目的及意图，这是出题人的观点；而还需要考虑下阅卷人的感受，这部分需要的是选择适当的结构和单词来表达个人想法的同时，符合阅读习惯，层次分明，用词得当。

2．隐含条件发掘

本部分也属于揣摩出题人意图的重要部分，一般的文章之所以提示“可适当增加细节”的原因就在于需要通过作文来检测学生的思维能力，即情商部分，如何把一件事说得更为得当。

3.适当细节拓展

在上述基础上，细节的适当拓展有利于表达写作人的个人态度情感价值观以及有内涵的单词及好的作文句型，以引起阅卷人的青睐及共鸣。

三、例题精讲

【2017·北京卷】

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：视频video

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【解析】 本文为校园生活类体裁，主题为毕业纪念视频。内容有讨论、拍摄、视频制作和展示等。同时，根据图画类文章的写作方式，写作时注意以下几点：

1.仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确：从以上三张图片中选择一张；

2.根据要表达的内容确定好句子的时态，语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。但注意，在具体描述故事的时候一定使用一般过去时；

3.注意选择使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章亮点；

参考词汇和句型：

1) In order to leave some impressive memories for all of us before graduation, our class made a special video to express our appreciation to…

2) carried out a discussion/various ideas were put forward

3) shot some wonderful videos in the school/interviewed our teachers…

4) Those who are talented in computer contributed to the making of the video.

5) edited the video/added our love to…

6) The show received a warm welcome among our fellow schoolmates.

7) Memories of the past flooded into our minds/firm bond to our school…

难题分析：

在写这篇作文的时候，难点在于①描述图片时候选用亮点的表述方式及对应结构，如选择学生们讨论问题这一个图片，需要注意适当描述讨论分工；②收集素材；③编辑制作；④放映视频。

【A possible vision】

Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school. Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.

四、思维点拨

Tip 1描述图画类作文

1. 需要认真判断需要描述的图画的要求和目的

【例1】( 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(福建卷)英语)

请阅读下面图画，按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。

内容要求：

1、描述画面；

2、概述其含义；

3、谈谈个人感想。

凿壁偷光

【解析】　根据所给图画显示，为中国古代成语“凿壁偷光”的故事，那么在描述图画的时候就需要注意，一定将虽然家贫但求学精神令人鼓舞描述出来，这样为后面的评论和个人感想打下基本基础。故在写作时候可以写为：

In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.

在判断目的后，就可以在选择表达方式和单词方面下功夫，寻找合适的单词和结构。

【例2】 ( 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(福建卷)英语)

上述这一段In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sitting at shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.

上述文字使用表语从句表述更为有深度，对比的效果会更加明显，如：

Worn clothes, shabby wooden table and weak ray of light are what makes the boy’s studying environment very poor, however, he is absorbed in his reading, caring about nothing but his reading.

【解析】　上述用法中更加突出了Worn clothes, shabby wooden table and weak ray of light这些条件的对比，而最后的caring about nothing but his reading则重点突出了这个男孩对于知识的渴求，间接传递写作人的个人情感态度。

2．需要对图画含义进行解释

一般在对图画含义进行解释的过程中，就是对于学生潜在信息发掘及整理能力的一种检测，所以在此过程中，所体现出来的单词和结构，表述方式都和文章的主题目的保持一致。

【例】 ( 2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(福建卷)英语)

This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. The boy, being poor, couldn’t afford even a candle, so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spear no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.

【解析】　先解释图画的来源及阐述的意思，再说明其现实的意义，为个人感想在后面的抒发起到铺垫作用，与文章要求保持一致。

3．谈谈个人感想

在任何图画类作文中，其要求中均建议由个人想法的阐述，还是以上一篇文章为例，在谈到显示生活中的例子的时候，可以考虑将个人的想法与现实生活结合，得出具有指导性的建议或想法，同时具有演讲力的结尾会让文章更为升华。

【例】Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts. Hard work pays off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.

【解析】　对于今天的生活状态，用“It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts”来揭示这篇文章需要告诉大众的最终目的。在上述写作中，最后一部分可以适当考虑选用具有演讲力的表达。

如：Every hard job will pay off, and the harder the situation is, the more power one can get for his aim, what’s more, where there is a hardship, there is also a good chance for you to find your potential, from which we can see that it is not how hard the environment is that matters, but whether you know your dream and find ways to solve the problem.

★考法小结

但凡需要描述图画含义的图画类作文均需要三点：

①理解出题意图并在描述图片中适当体现；

②揭示图片所表述的含义及现实意义；

③结合实际说出自己的想法或呼吁大家一起努力；

这样既能传递出文章的想法，也能通过恰当单词的选用及语法结构的表述给阅卷人留下好的印象，当然，笔记工整是必须的。

Tip 2 图画故事类作文

此类文章一般在于对故事的叙述占主要篇幅，但是在解读题目的时候可以发现，不仅仅是需要对故事进行描述，实际上在描述中也需要通过选用的单词对主题进行深化，在结尾处有一定的渲染，避免文章成为纯套路式的展示，无法给阅卷人留下印象，即智商有余情商不足。

【例】（2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)英语）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍在“传统文化进校园”活动中，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程，并从“A Day with a Craftsman”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：一个面团 a piece of dough

面人 dough figurine

【解析】文章需要自己写出开头，需要学生写一个事件的概括及总体感受作为第一段，而最后则需要进行一定主题升华，即这次活动给学生们带来的价值观方面的改变；

这样就可以发现这种文章写的时候的三部分：

①开头的总体概况及感受

②故事的发展过程，此时可以考虑是用first, second等使得故事的层次感更加明确；

③事件完毕的思考和价值观方面的改变影响；

【答案】

Last Tuesday，our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines, which leaves us a deep impression on our traditional art.

When the craftsman came into the classroom, we give him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box. First, he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines. We stood around him and watched attentively. Then we started to have a try ourselves. The old man walked around and helped us patiently.

Finally we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited.

Traditional arts like making dough figurines are what makes us know our history well and we can also know who we are, where we come from and where we are going to, because of which we hope we can have more activities of this kind.

【亮点分析】

上述范文使用了first, then, finally 等来衔接句子和段落，表示事情发生的时间顺序，使作文更有条理，做到了行文连贯，在最后进行了主题升华，给读者更多的启发和活动的力度展示。

记叙故事使用一般过去时，注意了文章上下文时态的一致原则；同时范文使用了一些重要的语法知识，非谓语动词Looking at the figurines, we were all very excited，限定性定语从句we put the figurines we made on the table，尤其是最后一段的表语从句，宾语从句，状语从句及非限定性定语从句的一气呵成用法，给文章增色不少。

★考法小结

图画故事类作文因有叙述及适当评论部分，所以在写作时候注意四点：

①文章主题的审视和把握；

②故事脉络的确定，本环节旨在确定文章中几个衔接词，共有几句话；

③时态的确定。叙述故事一般均为一般过去时，但其他环节一定注意一般现在时居多；

④评论环节通过故事的评论过程，给文章以主题的升华。

技巧点拨　

图画类作文在写作中，只要突破了审题方面对于图片的目的的把握这一环节，确定好写作的脉络和时态的选择，加以适当的评论或与现实结合的评论性语言，就会给文章以色彩方面的渲染并且保持与主题一致，使得文章不但有良好的表现力，更有深度方面的影响，为与出题意图、阅卷规则契合做好充分基础搭建，以提高作文的得分率。

五、成果巩固

【基础达标】

Passage1

（【全国百强校】江苏省泰州中学2017-2018学年高二6月调研测试英语试题）

在早灾和震灾中的孩子们虽然通到了无法想象的困难，但他们仍然没有放弃学习。请简要描述这两张照片，并谈谈你的感想。文章的开头已经给出。

在干旱的云南省的一所小学中，孩子们虽然面临饮水和饥饿的困扰，但他们还是在认真听讲。

一位上小学二年级的女童紧抱着自己的课本，站在震后的废墟前。

注意：词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

Natural disasters left students in miserable life. However, they never gave up study.

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Passage2

(2018, 北京市朝阳区高三英语5月二模试卷）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你们班上周开展“为母校留念”活动的完整过程，并以“A Special Present”为题，给校刊“英语角”写篇英文稿件。词数不少于60。

A Special Present

Passage3

（2019，安徽省江淮十校高三联考）

假设你是李华，请根据你对下面一副图片的观察，给一家知名报社专栏“Voice Your Opinion”写一封信，谈谈你的观点与看法。

注意:1. 自选角度和内容;

2. 字数100 左右;

3. 信的开头和结尾已写好(不计入总词数)。

【答案和解析】

Passage1

【答案】

Natural disasters left students in miserable life. However, they never gave up study. As it’s shown in the two pictures, in a primary school in Yunan, students are learning attentively even though they were in serious trouble of lacking food and drinkable water. It is obvious that they want to equip themselves with knowledge. A girl stood in front of ruins after the earthquake, holding her books firmly in hand. There is no doubt that she is thirsty for knowledge.

The students in the two photos deserve our admiration. Though experiencing disasters, they still have a strong desire for study. Their perseverance and striving spirit touched everyone’s heart.

The two photos also set me thinking that I should value what I have. When facing a sticky problem, I won’t give up. I will regard devotion as my goal in life, having more diligence and fewer complaints. Meanwhile, I appeal to the whole society to take actions to improve their living conditions.

【解析】这是一篇看图说话。考生首先要简要描述两张照片的内容，体会两张照片体现的含义。其次，根据照片内容写出要点主题句，然后展开细节描述。注意时态，第一幅照片应用现在时态，第二幅照片应用过去时态。介绍自己的感想应用现在时态。

【亮点分析】所给范文内容齐全，句子流畅，要点明确，条理清楚，长短句结合。适当运用一些较好的词汇或句式：1. It is obvious that… 2. There is no doubt that… 3. 非谓语动词holding her books firmly in hand 4. appeal to

Passage2

【答案】

A Special Present

Last week, my classmates and I did something significant to express our gratitude to our school.

Earlier the week we had a discussion on what to give to our school for our graduation. Numerous choices were offered, including a beautiful gift and a memorial tree. Finally we agreed to plant a tree on campus. Having made the decision, we searched online and ordered a seedling after careful selection. On a sunny day our seedling arrived and we got down to planting it immediately. Everyone participated actively. Some placed the seedling in the hole, some covered the root with soil and others stood a board next to it reading “Class 1 Senior 3, 2018”. Sweaty as we were, everyone was excited. We posed for photographs to mark this precious occasion.

We were all delighted to give our school a special present. We expect that this seedling will grow into an enormous leafy tree some day!

【解析】

本题是一篇看图作文，要求根据四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。本题对考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。写作时考生需要注意紧扣文章主题，各幅图的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。同时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，以及使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。

【亮点】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Having made the decision, we searched online and ordered a seedling after careful selection.运用了现在分词的完成式；On a sunny day our seedling arrived and we got down to planting it immediately. 运用了并列句；Sweaty as we were, everyone was excited.运用了倒装句和让步状语从句；We expect that this seedling will grow into an enormous leafy tree some day!运用了宾语从句。

Passage3

【答案】

Dear editor,

In Chinese tradition, family reunion always plays a very important part in communication. When a national holiday falls, members of a family will probably gather together to visit the seniors and enjoy being with each other. In this picture, we can see that grandchildren of different ages are surrounding their granny. However, all of them merely focus their attention on smartphones and nobody seems to talk with their granny willingly. We can imagine how helpless and disappointed their granny is at the sight of this. Behind the picture also lies the fact that smartphones are depriving us of face-to-face communication with others, even among dearest ones. What a pity! I hope that we should respect the moments when we are together for a reunion and throw the smartphones aside !

Best wishes !

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【解析】

本文考查看图作文。首先考生应该认真读图，把握中心。一幅图常为议论文，时态通常用一般现在时，可以分为三段写，第一段概述照片内容，常用开头语有:In the picture above we can see...; There is a cartoon about...; As we can see in the picture...; From the picture, we can see that...；或者It can be seen/concluded from the picture that...等等。第二段描述这幅照片所展示何种社会现象及造成该现象的原因，这一段应该是重点，要详写。第三段谈谈你的观点和看法，常用句型有：From what has been mentioned above, we may conclude that...；Therefore, it is not difficult to come to the conclusion that...；It is clear, therefore, that...； All in all, what really matters is...等等。

【亮点】When a national holiday falls, members of a family will probably gather together to visit the seniors and enjoy being with each other.开门见山点明中心主题。We can imagine how helpless and disappointed their granny is at the sight of this.使用了宾语从句和短语at the sight of。

Behind the picture also lies the fact that smartphones are depriving us of face-to-face communication with others, even among dearest ones.使用了倒装句式和that引导的同位语从句。

I hope that we should respect the moments when we are together for a reunion and throw the smartphones aside !使用了宾语从句和状语从句。

【能力提升】

Passage4

（2018， 河北省衡水中学高三第十次模拟）

假设你是中学生李华。下面四幅图记录了周日你在人民公园踏青的经历。请据图用英语写一篇日记。注意：词数100左右。

Sunday, May4 Fine

Passage5

（2019， 北京市精华学校高三英语考前测试卷）

假设你是红星中学学生李华，上周参加了学校组织的“京郊美丽乡村”展示活动，为此，你与父母一起去感受了乡村的变化。请根据下列四幅图的先后顺序，给美国笔友Peter写信，介绍你参加此次活动的全过程。

Dear Peter,

How are things going?

Last week, I took part in the show of “Beautiful Villages around Beijing” in our school.

.........

Do keep in touch.

Best wishes!

Li Hua

Passage6

（2018，北京市石景山区高三上学期英语期末考试试卷）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。上星期六，你和同学们参观了中国近五年伟大成就展。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“A Visit to the Exhibition on China’s Achievements”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍参观的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：讲解员 docent

【答案和解析】

Passage4

【答案】

Sunday, May 4 Fine

It was a sunny day today and I went to Xishan Park for a spring outing. The moment I entered the park, a variety of beautiful flowers and green trees came into sight. Attracted by the beauty, I couldn't stop taking photos. As I wandered along the path, enjoying the beautiful view, I notices something unpleasant. Two schoolgirls jumped over the fence to pick flowers and climb the tree. Obviously they didn't realize that their behavior had done great damage to the beauty of the park. Without hesitation, I went up and stopped them politely. Quite embarrassed, the two girls came out immediately. Then they took pictures outside the fence. Seeing that, I smiled and everything looked nicer in my eyes.

【解析】

本题是一篇看图写作，一共四幅图，展示了周日在人民公园踏青的经历。做题时：1. 认真读图，可知四幅图记录了周日你在人民公园踏青的经历，2. 初步构思，考虑用词、短语、句型和时态，讲述上周日的事情用过去时为基本时态。3. 连词成句，然后再连句成文。尽可能地充分利用所学的短语或句型来表述具体的内容。4. 反复审核，修改错误。5. 注意所给的提示。在把握了文章的中心后，应在内心构思一个基本的框架，并考虑使用恰当的词语、短语和句型，以充分地表达文章的内容。这是体现自身能力的重要一环。然后再将各图的单个句子串连起来。串连时，要注意使用适当的连接词语或过渡性语句，不至于让读者觉得文章中出现跳跃现象，更使上下文更为紧凑、自然。

【亮点】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：The moment I entered the park, a variety of beautiful flowers and green trees came into sight. 和As I wandered along the path, enjoying the beautiful view, I notices something unpleasant. 运用了时间状语从句；Obviously they didn't realize that their behavior had done great damage to the beauty of the park. 运用了宾语从句； Seeing that, I smiled and everything looked nicer in my eyes.运用了现在分词作原因状语。

Passage5

【答案】

Dear Peter,

How are things going?

Last week, I took part in the show of “Beautiful Villages around Beijing” in our school. On Sunday morning, my parents and I went to the suburbs to get some information for my poster. On arriving at the destination, we were impressed by the beautiful scenery and people's living conditions. I took many photos. Then we chatted with a farmer, who told us about the changes these years. They now can get online to learn agricultural science and trade their products. And in spare time they can enjoy various leisure activities, like table tennis and chess. The next day I put my pictures and an article on the school wall newspaper. I feel proud of the development of our country.

Do keep in touch.

Best wishes!

Li Hua

【解析】

本题是一篇图画类作文，要求学生根据图画内容简单描述上周参加了学校组织的“京郊美丽乡村”展示活动中你与父母一起去感受了乡村的变化的情景，要根据文章内容适当增添细节。考生要对各幅图画进行分析、构思和想象，依据提示情景或词语，按照一定的逻辑关系来写，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态。写作时考生注意要灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。以及使用高级词汇和句式，增加文章的亮点。

【亮点】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。On arriving at the destination, we were impressed by the beautiful scenery and people's living conditions. 运用了动名词作介词宾语和介词短语作状语；Then we chatted with a farmer, who told us about the changes these years. 运用了定语从句； Do keep in touch.运用了祈使句。

Passage6

【答案】

Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Beijing Exhibition Hall to see the exhibition on China’s achievements in the last 5 years which turned out to be a memorable experience for us.

The exhibition attracted thousands of people all over the country, so we had to wait a long time to get in. Luckily, we met a docent who gave us a detailed introduction of the development during these years. We Listened attentively and were deeply impressed by the brilliant success of our country. When we stepped into the Hi-tech display section, our eyes were caught by the fashionable appearance of the high-speed train model “Fuxing”, which is popularly called one of the “New Four Great Inventions” of China. We were so amazed at the exhibits that we couldn’t help taking pictures all the time. Before leaving, with the words “Chinese Dream” as a setting, we had a group photo to record the great moment.

The visit to the Exhibition gives us greater faith in Chinese dream, to which our personal dreams are closely related.

【解析】

本文是一篇看图作文。上星期六，你和同学们参观了中国近五年伟大成就展。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“A Visit to the Exhibition on China’s Achievements”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍参观的全过程。认真阅读四幅图画，认清写作要求然后确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。列出要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【亮点】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Beijing Exhibition Hall to see the exhibition on China’s achievements in the last 5 years which turned out to be a memorable experience for us.和we met a docent who gave us a detailed introduction of the development during these years.运用了定语从句；When we stepped into the Hi-tech display section, our eyes were caught by the fashionable appearance of the high-speed train model “Fuxing”, which is popularly called one of the “New Four Great Inventions” of China. 运用了时间状语从句和定语从句；We were so amazed at the exhibits that we couldn’t help taking pictures all the time. 运用了结果状语从句。

六、课堂小结

图画类写作不同于一般的写作在于三点，①图片和所给图示的目标性预判。因为有记叙文和议论文的可能，还有的仅仅是描述图画所表述的意思；②如果是议论或叙述性质的，是否需要增加合适的评论或叙述，叙述类判断是否需要适当的评论，而评论文则判断是否需要适当的叙述；③在理解上述两个问题的基础上，判断人称、时态、选用恰当单词、结构进行表达，传递出需要表达的意思，符合考纲要求的价值观观点及内容；简要之，即清楚连贯的传递信息，表达意思的同时，有效运用所学语言知识

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