近日，BBC 屠呦呦的短片刷屏。
那麼，關於世界上著名科學家的知識你都瞭解多少呢？不妨做道題測試一下自己~
20 世紀最偉大的科學家都有哪些？下列選項正確的一項是：（）
A.Maria Curie
B.Albert Einstein
C.Alan Turing
D.Tu youyou
E.Above all
做完選擇題之後一起跟小編觀看短片學習學習吧~
屠呦呦作為 20 世紀最偉大的科學家之一，我們不僅要學其風骨與精神，更要從短片中看到與中高考相關的考點。為此，小編為大家圈出了 BBC 短片的考點，供大家學習。
BBC 短片原文
（閱讀理解素材）
She looked back as well as forward.砥礪前行亦不忘回望過去。As part of the programme charged with finding a treatment for malaria, Tu was inspired by an ancient Chinese text which said sweet wormwood was used to tackle intermittent fevers (a hallmark of malaria) around 400 AD. 屠呦呦參與的項目旨在尋找治療瘧疾的方法。她受到一篇中國古文的啟發，文中寫道，公元400年左右時青蒿被用來治療間歇性發熱（瘧疾的一種症狀）。She saw her work cross a divided world.她的成就跨越東西。With half the world’s population at risk from malaria, Tu and artemisinin’s vast impact cannot be underestimated. As her Nobel Prize summary states her work has “led to the survival and improved health of millions of people.”由於全世界一半的人口面臨瘧疾的威脅，屠呦呦和青蒿素產生的巨大影響不可低估。正如她的諾貝爾獎總結所言，她的工作“為數百萬人的生存和健康狀況的改善做出了貢獻”。Tens of thousands were left incapacitated after being bitten by the malaria-carrying insects. In one US army unit, a third of soldiers contracted the disease.成千上萬的士兵，在被攜帶瘧疾病毒的蚊蟲叮咬後完全喪失行動能力。某個美國軍團裡，有三分之一的土兵都感染上瘧疾。 Now, we have no way of estimating how many soldiers died in the North Vietnamese army，but we know the losses were colossal because the Communist Party Chairman, Ho Chi Minh reached out in desperation to China, asking for help to find a cure.雖然我們無法準確預估因為感染瘧疾而導致北越士兵的死亡人數，但我們敢肯定一定是損失慘重。因為當時的越南主席胡志明在絕望之中向他的中國伸出了求救之手，希望中國能幫忙找到治療方法。39-year-old researcher Tu Youyou decided to scour hundreds of old manuscripts in search of ancient wisdom. A traditional herbal remedy that might form the basis of a cure. With over 2,000 preparations to choose from, this was a daunting task.39歲的研究員屠呦呦查閱上百份中國古代醫學典籍從中汲取創新靈感，希望能找到一味傳統中草藥為治療瘧疾奠定基礎，兩千多個關於瘧疾的藥方需要經過實驗一一排查，這是一項異常艱鉅的任務。Artemisia was a plant Tu had tested before without success. Then she had anepiphany by heating the plant to extract the compound. She might have been damaging the drug in the process. Instead, she decided to try extracting it at a lower temperature, mimicking the original formula.屠呦呦之前用青蒿提取物做過試驗但卻沒有成功，她突然冒出一個靈感：莫非是之前實驗時提取過程中的溫度過高，而高溫可能破壞了藥物的效果？於是屠呦呦決定，改用低沸點溶劑來提取有效物，以此來模仿書中的古方。She tested it on a cluster of malaria cells, every single one was destroyed.她將青蒿提取物用於瘧疾細胞進行試驗，結果發現對瘧疾抑制率高達100%。Tu was so convinced that the extract would work that she volunteered to test it on herself and over several days, doctors gradually increased the dose. She took the extract, she felt fine but more importantly, they were monitoring her major organs, her heart, her liver, her kidneys and they were fine too.屠呦呦堅信青蒿提取物有效且對人體無毒害，於是她主動要求在自己身上做試驗。接下來那幾天醫生對她進行試藥觀察並逐漸增加劑量。她親自試藥，感覺良好。而最重要的是，醫生一直在觀察她內臟器官的各項指標，心臟、肝臟、腎臟全都沒有任何問題。重點詞彙
malaria n.瘧疾；瘴氣
intermittent adj.間歇的
artemisinin n.青蒿素（抗瘧藥）
artemisia n.艾；蒿屬
epiphany n.對事物真諦的頓悟
ancient adj.古代的
wormwood n.蒿
tackle v.決心處理
vast adj.廣闊的；大量的；巨大的 n.廣闊空間
impact n.撞擊 v.撞擊；衝撞；緊壓
underestimate v.低估 n.估計過低；估計不足
survival n.倖存
incapacitate v.使喪失能力
contracte v.染上；感染；得；負
estimate v.估計；評價；判斷 n.估計；估算；估價
colossal adj.巨大的;奇大無比的
scour v.仔細搜索；瀏覽
manuscript n.典籍；手寫本
herbal adj.與芳草有關的；芳草的 n.芳草植物誌
remedy n.治療；藥品；公差 v.補救
daunt v.使畏懼
extract v.取出；拔出；提取
compound n.複合物；混合物
temperature n.溫度
mimicking v.模仿；學…的樣子 n.模仿
formula n.公式；方程式；計算式；慣用語句；配方
dose n.劑量 v.給服一劑藥
monitor v.檢測；監測 n.監視；監測；控制；追蹤
kidney n.腎
重點短語
1、look back：回頭看
2、part of：部分；一部分
3、inspired by：受到…啟發；靈感來自…
4、charged with：承擔；參與
5、be used to：用於；用來
6、at risk：處境危險；遭受危險
7、be underestimated：被低估
8、Nobel Prize：諾貝爾獎
9、millions of：百萬；數百萬；幾百萬
10、be bitten by：被…咬
11、tens of thousands：數萬；數萬計
12、army unit ：部隊
13、have no way：無從；無奈何；無由
14、reach out：伸出；伸手；觸及
15、in desperation：絕望之下；不顧一切地；在走投無路的情況下
16、ask for help：尋求幫助
17、decide to do：決定幹某事
18、in search of：搜索；尋找；搜查
19、the basis of：…的基礎
20、in the process：在此過程中
21、a cluster of：一簇；一群；一叢
重點句型
1、look back as well as forward.
回顧過去，展望未來。
2、She saw her work cross a divided world.
她的成就跨越東西。
3、led to the survival and improved health of millions of people.
為數百萬人的生存和健康狀況的改善做出了貢獻。
4、This was a daunting task.
這是一項異常艱鉅的任務。
5、If you measure greatness in terms of the number of human lives saved, then there is no doubt at all that Tu Youyou is one of the greatest scientists of all time.
如果要用拯救了多少人的生命來衡量一個人偉大的程度，那麼毫無疑問屠呦呦是人類歷史上最偉大的科學家之一。
重點語法
① convince 的用法
及物動詞，後面要接賓語。當後面沒有賓語的時候，用主系表結構 主+ be 動詞 + convinced of/that 從句。主動表被動，應該翻譯為我相信。
② volunteer 作動詞，常見搭配有：
volunteer to do sth. 自願/義務/無償/主動要求做某事
volunteer for (doing) sth. 自願做某事
volunteer sth. 主動提供
③ there is no doubt that 毫無疑問
④ Being done 的用法
與be動詞一起構成現在進行時的被動語態（am/is/are being doie和過去進行時的被動語態（was/were being done）
⑤ had done 的用法
過去完成時，表示動作在過去的一個時間點之前就已經完成了，“過去的過去”。
⑥ have been doing 的用法
現在完成進行時，表示某一動作開始於過去某一時間，延續或重複地出現至今，或將繼續延續至將來。
學完以上內容，趕緊做道題鞏固鞏固知識吧~
閱讀理解
Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize,for her work in helping to create an anti-malaria（瘧疾）medicine.The 84-year-old's route to the honour has been anything but traditional.In China,she is being called the“three nos”winner:no medical degree,no doctorate,and she's never worked overseas.
In 1967,malaria,a then deadly disease,spread by mosquitoes was decimating Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam.A secret research unit"Mission 523 “was formed to find a cure for the illness. Two years later,Tu Youyou was instructed to become the new head of “Mission 523”.
“Mission523”read ancient books carefully for a long time to find historical methods of fighting malaria.When she started her search for an anti-malarial drug,more than 240,000 compounds（化合物）around the world had already been tested,without any success.Finally,the team found a brief reference to one substance,sweet wormwood（青蒿），which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD.The team took out one active compound in wormwood,and then tested it.But nothing was effective until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text.After another careful reading,she changed the drug recipe one final time,heating the compound without allowing it to reach boiling point.
After the drug showed promising results in mice and monkeys,Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug.“
In any case,Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion.One former colleague.Lianda Li,says Ms Tu is “unsociable and quite straightforward”,adding that “if she disagrees with something,she will say it.”
Another colleague,Fuming Liao,who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years,describes her as a “tough and stubborn woman”.Stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts,she applies them to modern scientific practices.The result has saved millions of lives.
25.According to Para.I,we can learn that（）
A.Tu is the first woman to win a Nobel Prize
B.Tu has a medical degree
C.Tu's road to success is not traditional
D.Tu discovered a cure for malaria
26.The underlined word“decimating”can be replaced by（）
A.encouraging B.killing C.annoying D.benefiting
27.Which of the following statements is true（）
A.Tu first invented the idea of using sweet wormwood as a cure.
B.Tu was inspired by medical textbooks published in northern vietnem.
C.The compound needs to be heated to the boiling point to be effective.
D.Over 240,000 compounds were proved ineffective before Tu's seareh.
28.Tu Youyou can be best described as a person.（）
A.devoted and stubborn B.straightforward and mean
C.considerate and tough D.sociable and generous
「答案解析」
C B D A
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