It句型的重要性
對於接觸英語不久或是談不上深入的英語學習者，除了最簡單的
主謂賓、主系表結構之外，接觸最多的要數It句型了。然而，雖多見卻並不能隨心所欲的使用，只有照貓畫虎的功夫，談不上掌握。究其原因，在於中英文思維的差異和句型的多變。在這篇文章裡，我會把It句型進行詳盡的總結，希望會對你的英語寫作和翻譯有所幫助。感謝支持和關注，一詞一世界。
It句型的分類
- It is+adj+to do
- It is+adj（kind, wise, foolish, clever即可以指“事”也可以指“人”）+of+sb+to do
- It is+adj（easy, necessary, possible, safe, common, normal）+for+sb+to do
- It is( important, natural, necessary, strange) that (謂語要用should+動詞)
- It+be+V-ed(said, reported, believed, suggested)+that從句
- It is (high time, time, about time)+(that) +主語+謂語（用should+動詞，或一般過去時）
- It+be+(a pity, a shame, a fact, good news)+that 從句
- It is useless /no use/ no good +doing
- It is+時間段+since引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“自從......以來已多久了”
- It is+時間段+before引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“過多久才......”
- It+be+時間點+when引導的時間狀語從句
- It is the first(second...)time+that sb has done ,譯為“這是某人第…次做…”
- It + is/was +被強調的部分+ that/who 從句
It is+adj+to do
it作形式主語或形式賓語的情況：
It is wrong to tell a lie. 撒謊是不對的。
注：it作形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to tell a lie
He does not think it wrong to tell a lie. 他不認為撒謊是不對的。
注：it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式to tell a lie
如果還原到中文的語序，應該是：
To tell a lie is wrong.
然而英文極少用不定式作主語，除極少數的句子外:
- To teach is to learn.
- To eat is to live.
It is+adj（kind, wise, foolish, clever即可以指“事”也可以指“人”）+of+sb+to do
- It is wise of him to make such a decision.他做出這樣的決定是明智的。
- It is kind of you to do so.你這麼做真是太好了。
- It is foolish of him to set himself to perform an impossibility.他讓自己做一件不可能的事是愚蠢的。
注：of與for的區別在於，for前的形容詞如impossible、necessary指“事”而不指人。of前的形容詞如kind、foolish即可以指“事”也可以指“人”。
It is+adj（easy, necessary, possible, safe, common, normal）+for+sb+to do
- It is very dangerous for children to play with fire.孩子們玩火是很危險的。
- It is not easy for us to learn English well. 對我們來說學好英語並不容易。
- It is necessary for you to do so.你有必要這樣做。
It is( important, natural, necessary, strange) that (謂語要用should+動詞)
- It is strange that she should go out without saying a word.奇怪的是，她竟然一言不發就出去了。
- It is important that we should speak politely.我們說話要有禮貌,這的很重要的.
It+be+V-ed(said, reported, believed, suggested)+that從句
- It is suggested that the book (should) be revised.有人建議修改這本書。
- It is said that Tom has been back from abroad.據說湯姆已經從國外回來了。
It is (high time, time, about time)+(that) +主語+謂語（用should+動詞，或一般過去時）
- It is (high/about) time (that) we handed in/should hand in our homework.該是我們交作業的時候了。
注意:about/high是用於加強語氣，表示“早是做什麼的時候了”that從句用should或動詞一般過去時表虛擬。
It+be+(a pity, a shame, a fact, good news)+that 從句
該句型中，從句一般用(should) + 動詞原形，表示出乎意料，
譯為＂竟然＂。- It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.這種事竟然發生在你們班上，真是遺憾！
- It is a shame that we cannot all do what we want to do in life. 人生中，我們不能總是隨心所欲，這是一種遺憾。
- It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉是事實。
It is useless /no use/ no good +doing
- It is no use speaking in soft,gentle tones if everyone else is shouting.如果別人都在叫喊，用柔和、柔和的聲調說話是沒有用的。
- It is no use starting late in life to say: "I will take an interest in this or that."等到老了才說“我要培養這個興趣那個興趣”，那是沒用的。
- It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do.做你喜歡的事是沒有用的；你必須喜歡你做的事。
It is+時間段+since引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“自從......以來已多久了”
- It is 5 minutes since the bus left. 公汽開走已有5分鐘了
It is+時間段+before引導的時間狀語從句，譯為“過多久才......”
- It will be 3 hours before he comes back.要過三個小時他才會回來
- It was 3 hours before he came back. 過了三個小時他才回來
It+be+時間點+when引導的時間狀語從句
- It will be Monday when he comes back. 他週一的時候回來.
- It was Monday when he came back. 他週一回來的.
It is the first(second...)time+that sb has done ,譯為“這是某人第…次做…”
- It was the first time she'd discovered something she really didn't want to find,and she didn't know what to do once she'd found it. 這是她第一次發現她真的不想發現的東西，一旦發現了，她不知道該怎麼辦。
- It is the third time that I have seen the film.這是我第三次看這部電影了。
It + is/was +被強調的部分+ that/who 從句
- It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.
- It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.
注意：強調原因狀語從句時，只能強調由because所引導的從句.
①強調句型中的主謂一致
- It is you，rather than he，that are to blame for the accident．是你，而不是他，才是事故的罪魁禍首。
②插入從句的強調句型
- It was in the restaurant where we had dinner last Sunday that you left your wallet．上週日我們吃飯的那家餐館裡，你把錢包忘在那了。
③強調句型的一般疑問句、特殊疑問句形式
一般疑問句：Is / Was it + 被強調部分+ that + 句子其餘部分 ?
- Was it in 1933 that the Second World War broke out?第二次世界大戰是在1933年爆發的嗎？
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+ be + it + that + 句子其餘部分?
- When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？他是什麼時候改變了主意參加活動?
④強調句型用於名詞性從句, 尤其注意要使用陳述語序。
- I don’t know when it was that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？我不知道他是什麼時候改變主意參加這項活動的？
⑤not until用於強調句型
It is / was not until ＋被強調部分＋ that ＋其他部分
- It was not until midnight that she went back home.直到午夜她才回家
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