古人认为宇宙是天圆地方，天球瓶以其硕大浑圆的腹部造型像是古人心目中天体星球形象而得名。早在战汉时期，我国就开始烧造有陶器和原始青瓷天球瓶，此后由于多种原因而废烧，直到明代永宣时期才开始恢复生产。天球瓶大多体积硕大、厚实，在装饰上除了有传统的青花外，还有粉彩、五彩、斗彩和颜色釉等品种。
The ancients thought that the universe was a round place, and the celestial sphere bottle got its name because its huge and round belly shape was like the image of celestial bodies and stars in the ancients' mind. As early as in the Warring States and Han Dynasty, China began to burn pottery and primitive celadon heavenly sphere bottles. Since then, due to a variety of reasons, it was abandoned until the Ming Dynasty Yongxuan period to resume production. Most of the Tianqiu bottles are large and thick. In addition to the traditional blue and white decoration, there are also varieties of pastels, multicolored, fighting colors and color glazes.
中国的瓷器生产历史悠久，窑口众多，珍品无数。每一个瓷器品种的产生、存在和流传都为瓷器发展的历史添上了浓重的、不可缺少的一笔。在这个发展过程中，称得上重彩浓墨，影响较大的可为唐代的白釉、花釉，宋代的青瓷及青白釉，元代的青花、釉里红、红绿彩，明代的永乐甜白、宣德五彩、成化斗彩，清代的康熙青花和康雍乾三朝的粉彩、珐琅彩。这中间，明代的永、宣、成化青花虽然名贵，但它是元青花的承继和发展，本质上并没有脱出元青花的框子。万历、嘉靖彩瓷也是一样，它们是在宣德五彩和成化斗彩的基础上发展起来的。
China's porcelain production has a long history, with many kilns and countless treasures. The emergence, existence and spread of each porcelain variety add a thick and indispensable stroke to the history of porcelain development. In this development process, it can be called heavy color and thick ink. The most influential ones are white glaze and flower glaze in Tang Dynasty, celadon and blue white glaze in Song Dynasty, blue and white glaze in Yuan Dynasty, red and green glaze in glaze, Yongle sweet white and Xuande five colors and Chenghua fighting color in Ming Dynasty, Kangxi blue and white glaze in Qing Dynasty and powder color and enamel color in Kangyong Qian three dynasties. In the middle, although Yonghua, Xuanhua and Chenghua blue and white of Ming Dynasty are precious, they are the inheritance and development of Yuan blue and white, which are not out of the frame of Yuan blue and white in essence. The same is true of Wanli and Jiajing color porcelain, which are developed on the basis of Xuande color and Chenghua color.
天球瓶，由于瓶子腹部状似天球而被称为天球瓶，是受西亚文化影响极深的一种瓷器造型，创烧于明代永乐宣德的景德镇窑。在古代瓷器中，天球瓶是典型的官窑重器，其尺寸较大、器型大气，而且烧制难度大。明代宣德年间天球瓶甚为流行，但未知何故其后却停产，后至清代乾隆年间才重新恢复生产。
Tianqiu bottle, which is called Tianqiu bottle because its belly is like a celestial sphere, is a kind of porcelain shape deeply influenced by western culture. It was created and burned in Jingdezhen kiln in Xuande, Yongle, Ming Dynasty. In ancient China, Tianqiu bottle is a typical heavy ware of official kilns, which is large in size, atmospheric in shape and difficult to be fired. Tianqiu bottle was very popular in Xuande period of Ming Dynasty, but it was stopped production for some unknown reason, and it was resumed production in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.
五彩，是青、黄、赤、白、黑，泛指各种颜色。这五种颜色从阴阳五行学说上讲，分别代表木、金、火、水、土。同时，分别象征东、西、南、北、中，蕴涵着五方神力。在明清两代得到发明和发展。主色调有赤、黄、绿、蓝、黑、紫。
Five colors are green, yellow, red, white and black, which generally refer to various colors. These five colors represent wood, gold, fire, water and earth respectively from the theory of yin and Yang and five elements. At the same time, they symbolize East, West, South, North and middle respectively, and contain five magic powers. It was invented and developed in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The main colors are red, yellow, green, blue, black and purple.
瓷器釉上彩的一种。所谓釉上彩瓷，就是烧好的素器釉面上进行彩绘，再入窑经600-900℃温度烘烤而成的一种瓷器。五彩所指是分布在瓷器釉面上多种颜色的彩——而五彩瓷并不一定指瓷器釉面上只有五种颜色，多于或少于五种彩的陶瓷，在习惯上也同样称之为五彩瓷。五彩瓷在明清两代得到了发明和发展，其配方经过不断的创新，并进行了多次重大的改革之后，才出现以红、黄、绿、蓝、黑、紫等为主的彩瓷
A kind of glaze color of porcelain. The so-called glaze colored porcelain is a kind of porcelain which is painted on the glaze of the fired plain ware and baked in the kiln at 600-900 ℃. Multicolored porcelain refers to a variety of colors distributed on the glaze of porcelain. However, multicolored porcelain does not necessarily mean that there are only five colors on the glaze of porcelain, more or less than five colors of porcelain. It is also known as multicolored porcelain. Five color porcelain was invented and developed in Ming and Qing Dynasties. After continuous innovation of its formula and many major reforms, the color porcelain mainly composed of red, yellow, green, blue, black and purple appeared
五彩为明清时期景德镇窑的新品种，由宋元釉上加彩的基础上发展而来。明代彩料中无蓝彩，需用蓝色表现之处，皆以青花代之，称“青花五彩”，成为独特的时代特征，以嘉靖、万历五彩为代表。嘉靖、万历朝五彩施彩特点是：大量采用釉上矾红和釉下青花二彩，釉下青花与釉上多种彩相结合，多用黑彩或赤褐色线勾描纹样轮廓，画面浓重艳丽。清代五彩以康熙朝最负盛名，除常用的红、绿、黄、褐、紫彩外，还新配制了釉上蓝彩取代釉下青花，金彩和黑彩也广泛应用，使之色彩更为瑰丽多姿、浓艳夺目。康熙五彩除在白瓷地上彩绘外，还在各色颜色釉器及各种瓷地上施彩，使得五彩瓷器别开生面，别具一格：由于康熙时新创了粉彩，五彩历史久远，故而康熙五彩又称为“古彩”。粉彩的特点是色彩绵软柔和，俗称“软彩”;五彩的色泽明亮，所以康熙五彩又称“硬彩”。 雍正时期，粉彩盛行，五彩趋于衰落，所见多为小件器，画意较精细，不似康熙五彩粗犷豪放。乾隆以后则基本上不见单独的五彩瓷器，而多与粉彩、珐琅彩等并用。
Five colors, a new type of Jingdezhen kiln in Ming and Qing Dynasties, developed on the basis of adding color on glaze in song and Yuan Dynasties. There is no blue color in the Ming Dynasty's color materials. Where blue color is needed, blue and white are used instead of blue and white, which is called "blue and white five colors". It has become a unique feature of the times, represented by Jiajing and Wanli five colors. Jiajing and Wanli dynasties are characterized by the following five colors: a large number of overglaze alum red and underglaze blue and white, the combination of underglaze blue and white and overglaze colors, the use of black or Auburn lines to trace the outline of the pattern, the screen is thick and gorgeous. In the Qing Dynasty, the five colors were most famous in Kangxi Dynasty. In addition to the commonly used red, green, yellow, brown and purple colors, the blue color on glaze was newly prepared to replace the blue and white color under glaze. The gold color and black color were also widely used to make the colors more magnificent and colorful. In addition to the painting on the ground of white porcelain, the five colors of Kangxi were also painted on the ground of various colors of glazes and various kinds of porcelain, which made the five colors porcelain unique and unique: because of the new creation of pastels in Kangxi, the five colors have a long history, so Kangxi five colors is also known as "ancient colors". Pastels are characterized by soft and soft colors, commonly known as "soft colors"; colorful colors are bright, so Kangxi colorful is also known as "hard color". During the Yongzheng period, the pastels were popular and the multicolours tended to decline. Most of them were small wares with fine painting meaning, which was different from the bold and unconstrained multicolours of Kangxi. After Qianlong, there was no single multicolored porcelain, but it was mostly used together with pastels and enamels.
清代五彩瓷以柔和为贵，透视感较强，绘画工致精丽，生动传神，一扫明代嘉靖、万历之重色彩而不细究形貌的粗劣画风，施彩大部分较明代匀薄。花瓶图案画面生动逼真，题材丰富多样，除一般的花卉、山水之外，大量采用以戏曲、小说为题材的人物故事画。陶瓷精品纹饰多为人物、花卉、山水，用笔精细纤巧，构图疏朗简洁，是海内外文物爱好者的收藏热点
In the Qing Dynasty, the five color porcelain was valued for its softness and harmony, strong sense of perspective, exquisite and vivid painting. It swept the poor painting style of Jiajing and Wanli in Ming Dynasty, which emphasized the color rather than the appearance. Most of the colors were even and thin compared with that in Ming Dynasty. In addition to general flowers and landscapes, a large number of character story paintings with opera and novel as themes are used. Most of the fine ceramic ornaments are figures, flowers, landscapes, with fine and delicate pens and simple composition. They are the collection hot spots of cultural relic lovers at home and abroad
专家推荐：天球瓶造型始于明永乐时期，雍正、乾隆时再度盛行，以"彩绘"纹者，是雍正、乾隆官窑的标准器物。此宝石蓝釉五彩堆花凤穿牡丹天球瓶，圆口、长直颈、圆腹、平底。通体工绘盛牡丹树一株，树干茁壮伸展，点缀盛开牡丹，树桩旁伴有两只孔雀民间渭之“富贵呈祥”，寓意爱情甜蜜、婚姻幸福的象征，底书“大清乾隆年制”六字款，满工工艺制作，素雅含蓄，纵观整器清新脱俗，瑞祥喜气，赏心悦目。通体施满釉，釉色纯净，十分雅观；色泽艳丽，整体层次清晰，布局疏密有致，乾隆朝继承前朝制瓷工艺，同样大量采用祥瑞题材作主装饰，借助自然之物寓意吉祥安康，加之绘工精细，创新发展，为古代制瓷业的一座高峰。通体宝石蓝釉，釉上五彩勾勒渲染，彩料发色纯正，各色具备：其绿色浅淡幼嫩；红色透明遮盖力强；黄色淡薄。此天球瓶做工一流、器型敦硕、端凝典雅，且纹饰精美吉祥，造型硕大挺拔，彩绘技法娴熟，画工精细工整。极具收藏价值！
Experts recommend: the shape of Tianqiu bottle began in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty. It was once again popular in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods. Those with "color painting" pattern are the standard artifacts of Yongzheng and Qianlong official kilns. This gem blue glaze five color pile flower Phoenix wears peony sky ball bottle, round mouth, long straight neck, round belly, flat bottom. There is a peony tree with a strong trunk, decorated with blooming peonies. Beside the tree stump are two peacocks, which symbolize the happiness of love and marriage. In the bottom, there are six characters of "Qianlong system of the Qing Dynasty". It is made of full-scale technology, elegant and implicit. Looking at the whole device, it is fresh and refined, auspicious and pleasant. The whole body is covered with glaze, the glaze color is pure, very elegant; the color is gorgeous, the overall level is clear, the layout is dense, and the Qianlong Dynasty inherited the porcelain making process of the previous dynasty, and also a large number of auspicious themes are used as the main decoration, with the help of natural things to symbolize good luck and well-being, coupled with fine painting and innovative development, it is a peak of the ancient porcelain making industry. The whole body is made of sapphire blue glaze. The five colors on the glaze are outlined and rendered. The color materials are pure and all colors are: green, light and tender; red, transparent, with strong covering power; yellow, light and thin. This heavenly ball bottle is of first-class workmanship, solid shape, elegant end, exquisite and auspicious decoration, large and straight shape, skillful color painting techniques and fine and neat painting. Great collection value!
