and的用法
用法一：
and表示同时发生的动作，或同时存在的属性、特征。
译为“和”“又”“而”等。
- The process of oxidation in human body gives off heat slowly and regularly。
- 人体内氧化的过程缓慢而有规律地释放热量。
- If a body is acted upon by a number of forces and still remains motionless, the body is said to be in equilibrium。
- 如果一个物体受到几个力的作用而仍然保持静止，那么该物体处于平衡状态。
用法二：
and表示不能同时并存的事物或动作。
译为"或"。
例如：
- The whole equipment can be assembled and dismantled in a matter of hours。
- 整套设备可以在几小时内安装或拆卸完毕。
用法三：
and表示条件，相当于if…then。
译为“如果……那么……”
例如：
- Do that again and I’ll call a policeman. 你再这样做我就要叫警察了。
- Go at once, and you will catch up with them. 快去，那样你就会赶上他们。
用法四：
and表示结果， and=so that, 译为"因此"、"所以"、"从而"等。
- Sound is carried by air, and without air there can be no sound。声音靠空气传播，因此没有空气也就没有声音。
- He fell heavily and broke his arm. 他摔得很重，手臂都摔断了。
用法五：
and表示因果关系，将表示原因的部分放在and之后，这时and=because
译为"因为"。
例如：
- Aluminium is used as the engineering material for planes and spaceships and it is both light and tough。
- 因为铝质轻而韧性好，所以被用作制造飞机和宇宙飞船的工程材料。
用法六：
and表示一种同位关系
译为"即"、"也是"
- When correcting, pay close attention to the seventh and last paragraph in the translation。改稿时请密切注意译文的第七段，即最后一段。
- We have come to the last and most important step of the experiment。
- 我们的实验现在已经到了最后一个也是最重要的一个阶段。
用法七：
and表示目的关系，虽然连接两个动词但并不表示并列。
- Allow me to go and measure the pressure again。请允许我再测一次压力。
- He told me that he would come and help with our design when his work was over。他告诉我，他忙完后，会来帮助我们进行设计。
用法八：
and 在数学中的不同含义
- 表示相加：One and two is three.一加二等于三。
- 表示带分数：On the average, oceans are two and one third miles deep。海洋的平均深度为二又三分之一英里。
- 表示数字范围：在"between +数字+ and +数字"的短语中，and等于介词to,译为"到"，或用破折号或波浪号来表示。例如，The lamp lights when the transistor temperature probe is connected to the rear panel and its temperature is between -20~60’C。当晶体管测温器接到后板上并且其温度在-20度到60度之间时，这盏灯就亮了。
- 表示相乘：在the product of ... and ...的搭配中表示"相乘"，如：The area of a triangle is equal to half the product of the base and the perpendicular height。三角形的面积等于二分之一底乘高。
用法九：
and表示连续性或程度的加深
译为“一再地，重复地，继续增加地”
- cough and cough 咳个不停
- The patient is getting worse and worse。患者的病情在不断恶化。
- The power output becomes lower and lower by overloading。超负荷造成功率输出越来越低。
用法十：
and连接同义词
例如：
- We completely and totally agree to the project put forward by them。我们完全同意他们提出的方案。
- The end and aim of the book is explained in the preface。本书的宗旨在前言中作了说明。
用法十一：
and表示加强语气，重复整个句子加强语气
例如：
- We need to know and we need to know as much as possible in order to adapt to the sort of changes in all aspects of science that will fall upon us like a tidal wave。为了适应各个科学领域发生的巨大变化，我们需要大量的知识。
用法十二：
and表示对比或转折
译为“尽管……还”，“却”，“还”
例如：
- Tom's 15 and still sucks his thumb. 汤姆15岁了，还嘬大拇指。
- He aimed at the bird and missed it. 他瞄准那只鸟却没打中。
用法十三：
and用在少数动词后表目的
例如：
- Come and have tea with me. 过来和我一起喝杯茶。
- He stopped and bought some flowers. 他停下来买了些花。词语搭配
含有and的短语
and all：全都,等等total; complete
- Peter dipped his whole head under, hat and all.彼得连同帽子把整个头都浸在水里。
- He jumped into the water, clothes and all.他和衣跳进水里。
- He ate the fish, bone and all.他吃了那条鱼,连骨头都吃了。
and so on：等等and so forth; etc.
- Others are interested in art, music, books and soon.其他人对艺术、音乐、书籍等感兴趣。
and that：而且,并且and also, but also
- You must tell him, and that at once.你必须告诉他,并且立即告诉他。
and therefore：因此,为此and so
He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties increased.他身体虚弱,因此更增加了他的困难。
and to spare：用之不尽的,绰绰有余enough and to spare
There is wit enough, and to spare.有用之不尽的智慧。
and vice versa：反之亦然on the other hand; whereas
- We gossip about them and vice versa.我们议论他们,他们也议论我们。
and what not：此外还有and others; and other things
- Children love to have toys, pictures and what not.孩子一般喜欢玩具、图片和其他的东西。
and which：而且and also
- The house, which was empty and which was likely to remain empty, stood on the hill.坐落在山坡上的这所空房子,一直是空着的。
