01
Keir Starmer winning UK Labour leadership election
基爾·斯塔默當選英國工黨黨魁
Sir Keir Starmer has won the UK Labour leadership election with more than 56% of the vote, bringing an end to Jeremy Corbyn’s tenure① of almost five years at the top of the party. His immediate priority will be to respond to Boris Johnson’s call for all party leaders to work together to tackle the coronavirus crisis. Speaking after the result, Starmer said he was aware of the scale of the task ahead of him, with the Conservatives enjoying near-record support in December’s election. Sir Keir, known for a forensic② attention to detail, is a moderate and is expected to pull Labour back towards the political centre after five years of Corbyn’s radical socialism. (The Guardian and The Economist Epsresso)
基爾·斯塔默爵士以逾56%的支持率贏得英國工黨黨魁選舉，傑瑞米·科爾賓近五年的黨魁生涯自此結束。斯塔默的當務之急是響應首相鮑里斯·約翰遜的號召，與各黨黨魁齊心協力應對新冠疫情危機。選舉結果公佈後，斯塔默表示，在去年12月的大選中，保守黨大獲全勝，支持率幾乎創下新高，他很清楚面前任務之艱鉅。斯塔默因其作為律師對細節的無比關注而素有令名。科爾賓推行激進社會主義，而斯塔默政治立場溫和，有望一改工黨過去五年的政治路線，將工黨引向中間道路。
【註釋】
① tenure: [ˈtenjʊə] n. the period of time when sb. holds an important job, especially a political one（在重要崗位上）任職的時間
② forensic: [fəˈrɛnzɪk] adj. belonging to, used in, or suitable to courts of judicature or to public discussion and debate 屬於／用於／適於法庭的；（在公眾前）辯論的
Keir Starmer
(Credit: The Independent)
02
Bernie Sanders dropping out of the 2020 race
伯尼·桑德斯退出美國2020總統競選
US Sen.① Bernie Sanders ended his presidential campaign last Wednesday, clearing the way for a general election in November between the presumptive② Democratic nominee, Joe Biden, and the incumbent③ president Donald Trump. Sanders’ exit caps④ a stunning⑤ reversal of fortune following a strong performance in the first three states that voted in February. Though Mr. Sanders made it clear last Wednesday that he viewed Mr. Biden as the party’s 2020 nominee, he said he would remain on the ballot⑥ in states that still have primaries—a move that could give him leverage to influence the Democratic platform⑦ and continue carrying his message. Mr. Biden will likely need to do more to articulate an agenda⑧ on foundational Democratic issues like health care and climate change, which are central to Sanders’ candidacy. (CNN and The New York Times)
4月8日，美國參議員伯尼·桑德斯退出總統競選，這意味著11月的美國大選很可能是民主黨候選人喬·拜登與現任總統特朗普二人之爭。桑德斯曾一舉拿下2月最先投票的三個州，表現強勁，此後運氣急轉直下，以退出競選告終。儘管桑德斯已於8日明確表示他視拜登為民主黨提名的候選人，但他說自己仍將參加尚未投票的幾個州的初選，以此影響民主黨方針，繼續傳達他的觀點。醫保和氣候變化等民主黨基礎議題是桑德斯競選的核心，拜登很可能需要就這些議題下更大力氣，表達自己的政治主張。
【註釋】
① Sen.「= Senator」參議員
② presumptive: [prɪˈzʌm(p)tɪv] adj. likely to be true, based on the facts that are available 假定的
③ incumbent: [ɪnˈkʌmbənt] adj. having an official position 現任的，在職的
④ cap: [cæp] vt. to end sth. in usually an exciting or impressive way（尤指以驚心動魄或驚豔的方式）使結束
⑤ stunning: [ˈstʌnɪŋ] adj. very surprising or shocking 令人震驚的，令人目瞪口呆的
⑥ ballot: [ˈbælət] n. a ticket or piece of paper used to vote in an election 選票
⑦ platform: [ˈplætfɔːm] n. the aims of a political party and the things that they say they will do if they are elected to power「常用單數」（競選時的）政治主張／承諾
⑧ agenda: [əˈdʒendə] n. a list of problems or subjects that a government, organization etc. is planning to deal with（政府、企業等的）待議問題／事項表
Bernie Sanders
(Credit: The New York Times)
03
The Fed providing an extra $2.3tn in loans
美聯儲額外發放2.3萬億美元貸款
Jay Powell, the Fed chairman, said the Federal Reserve would use its powers “forcefully, proactively and aggressively” until the economy recovers from the coronavirus shock, as the US central bank moved to offer an extra $2.3tn in credit and support the market for high-yield① corporate debt. Mr. Powell’s announcement came as the economic damage inflicted by the coronavirus pandemic was highlighted by data showing that 6.6m people filed for jobless benefits in the US in the past week, bringing the total of America’s newly unemployed to 17m since the cascade② of business shutdowns caused by the virus. The Fed has already slashed③interest rates close to zero and expanded its balance sheet in a big way by buying up④ Treasury debt and government-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities. (The Financial Times)
美國聯邦儲備局主席傑·鮑威爾表示，美聯儲將“大力、主動、積極”地運用其職能，直至美國經濟從新冠疫情的衝擊中復甦。央行拿出額外2.3萬億美元貸款，支持高收益公司債券市場。鮑威爾的聲明發表之際，新冠大流行病對美國經濟的劇烈衝擊已然凸顯——有數據顯示，上週美國有660萬人申請失業補助，疫情引發停工潮以來，美國新增失業人口總數目前已達1700萬。此前，美聯儲已將利率大幅下調，達到接近零的水平，並通過大量購買國債和有政府擔保的抵押貸款支持證券，大幅擴表。
【註釋】
① yield: [jiːld] n. the amount obtained from some financial transaction, impost, etc. 收益
② cascade: [kæˈskeɪd] n. a large number of things falling or coming quickly at the same time 一連串，同時大量落下／湧現的東西
③ slash: [slæʃ] vt. to reduce sth. by a large amount【口】大幅削減
④ buy up: to buy all or as much as possible of sth. 全部買下，儘量多地買入
Jobless claims surge in the US
(Credit: CNN)
04
ZTE executive① quitting amid sex assault allegations
中興通訊高管因性侵指控辭職
A prominent Chinese lawyer who served on the board of telecoms equipment giant ZTE Corp has resigned after several news articles in state-backed media reported that he was under investigation for alleged sexual assault. ZTE said in a filing② with the Shenzhen Stock Exchange that he will no longer hold any position at the company. (Reuters)
擔任電信設備巨頭中興通訊公司董事的中國某知名律師已從公司辭職。此前，國有媒體曾有多篇報道，指出此人因涉嫌性侵正在接受調查。中興通訊向深圳股票交易所遞交的一份文件顯示，該人將不再擔任公司任何職務。
【註釋】
① executive: [ɪɡˈzekjʊtɪv] n. a person who has an important job as a manager of a company or an organization（公司或組織的）管理人員
② filing: [ˈfaɪlɪŋ] n. a document filed 提交的文件
(Credit: weibo.com)
05
Boris Johnson being discharged
鮑里斯·約翰遜出院
UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson has left hospital after a week of treatment for COVID-19 and will go to Chequers① to continue his recovery. Johnson was the first world leader to test positive for the coronavirus and was self-isolating in his early days of infection. He was admitted to the hospital on April 5 and moved to intensive care the following day. Last Thursday night, he was moved back to the ward②. Cabinet meetings since his hospitalization③have been headed up④ by the foreign secretary, Dominic Raab, who Johnson nominated to deputize⑤ for him “where necessary.” (Time and The Guardian)
經過一週的新冠治療，英國首相鮑里斯·約翰遜出院。他將前往契克斯繼續休養。約翰遜是第一位新冠病毒檢測呈陽性的國家領導人，感染初期曾居家自我隔離。他4月5日入院，次日轉入重症監護室。9日晚，約翰遜回到了普通病房。他已任命外交大臣多米尼克·拉布在“必要之處”代行相事。約翰遜住院以來，內閣會議一直由拉布主持。
【註釋】
① Chequers: [ˈtʃekəz] n. the country house of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 契克斯〔英國首相鄉間別墅〕
② ward: [wɔːd] n. an apartment or division in a hospital, containing a certain number of beds, or allocated to a particular class of patients 病房／區
③ hospitalization: [ˈhɒspɪtəlaɪz] n. the fact of having to stay in a hospital for treatment 住院治療
④ head up: (of a person) to be the head, chief, captain, or ruler of; to be in charge or in control of 領導，帶領
⑤ deputize: [ˈdepjʊtʌɪz] vi. to act or speak (for sb. else) on a temporary basis 擔任臨時代表
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson chaired a Downing Street meeting by video link on March 28, a day after he announced that he had COVID-19.
(Credit: Getty Images)
06
two-thirds of severe COVID-19 cases being improved on remdesivir
三分之二的新冠肺炎重症患者使用瑞德西韋后好轉
Remdesivir, Gilead Sciences Inc.’s experimental drug, is viewed by researchers and doctors as one of the most promising agents against COVID-19 to enter human trials to date① because it had broad-spectrum② activity against a wide variety of coronaviruses similar to Sars-Cov-2. A recent study tracked 53 people in the US, Europe, Canada and Japan who needed respiratory support. All received a 10-day course of remdesivir on a compassionate use③ basis. During a median follow-up of 18 days, 68% of the patients had an improvement in oxygen-support class, including 17 of 30 patients receiving mechanical ventilation who were extubated④. Almost half of the patients were discharged⑤, while 13% died. 60% of the patients reported adverse events⑥during follow-up. 23% of the patients had serious adverse events, including multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome, septic shock, acute kidney injury, and low blood pressure. Measurement of efficacy will still require ongoing randomized, placebo⑦-controlled trials of remdesivir therapy. (Bloomberg and The New England Journal of Medicine)
瑞德西韋是吉利德科學公司的一款實驗性藥物。該藥物針對多種與新冠相似的冠狀病毒，具有廣譜抗病毒活性，因此被研究人員和醫生認為是目前進入人體試驗的幾種藥物中最有望成功的藥物之一。最近的一項研究追蹤了53位患者，他們來自美國、歐洲、加拿大和日本，都需要呼吸支持治療。在同情用藥的基礎上，他們都接受了為期10天的瑞德西韋治療。在中位數為18天的隨訪期間，68%的患者的氧氣支持得到改善：30位接受機械通氣治療的患者中，有17例已經拔管。近半數患者已經出院，但也有13%的患者死亡。隨訪中，60%的患者出現不良反應；23%出現嚴重不良反應，症狀包括多器官功能障礙綜合徵、敗血性休克、急性腎損傷和低血壓。要衡量瑞德西韋的藥效，仍需繼續開展隨機安慰劑對照試驗。
【註釋】
① to date: to the present time or moment 到目前為止
② broad-spectrum: [ˌbrɔːd ˈspektrəm] adj. (of a drug) effective over a wide range of diseases or micro-organisms 對治療多種疾病有效的，能抗多種微生物的，廣譜的
③ compassionate use: the individual patient use of an investigational medicinal product outside of a clinical trial that is intended to treat a serious or life-threatening condition 同情用藥
④ extubate: [ˈekstjuːbeɪt] vt. to remove a previously inserted tube from a patient 從｛病人身體｝中去除管子
⑤ discharge: [dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ] vt. to allow a patient to leave hospital because they are judged fit 允許｛病人｝出院
⑥ adverse event: unanticipated or unwanted effects of drugs（藥物的）不良反應
⑦ placebo: [pləˈsiːbəʊ] n. a substance with no therapeutic effect used as a control in testing new drugs, etc.（醫學實驗中的）安慰劑
Gilead's antiviral remdesivir was being tested in multiple late-stage studies in China and the US to treat COVID-19.
(Credit: AP)
（復旦大學江默柔編譯，重光會王暖流審訂）
