08-1
He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence,and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.
譯：他（達爾文）認為恰好是這種困難可能有一個補償性的優勢，那就是迫使他對每句話都長時間及專注的思考，從而使他能夠發現自己在推理和觀察中的錯誤。
你要知道的：
- compensate補償，賠償。+advantage=補嘗性優勢。
- 注意very放在名詞前可譯為：恰好、恰恰是，正是。
- Advantage>
- Forcing him to...迫使他做...。
- intently 專心地；熱切地。
- and thus的and可以不用譯出來，或譯：從而。
- Enable sb. To do...使某人能夠做...。
- Detect errors發現錯誤。
- reasoning 做動詞譯為：推理。 reasonable合理的。
- observation觀察。
08-2
He asserted,also,that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited,for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.
譯：他也斷言，自己進行一連串漫長又純抽象的思維能力是很有限的，由此他確定在數學方面他決不可能成功。
你要知道的：
- Assert的含意是個人的主觀決斷：明確、肯定、主張、斷言。（在編程中assert就變成程序員主觀確定代碼中的假設成分）=contend,claim,argue，maintain認為。
- 要看出his power和was very limited是主語和謂語,power在這譯為：能力。
- 在本句For which reason=so。
- That...thought這段沒譯出來扣0.5分。
- Abstract>
08-3
On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that,while he was a good observer,he had no power of reasoning.
譯：另一方面，他不接受一些他的批評者做出的指責，就是儘管他是位好的觀察者，但他沒有推理能力。
你要知道的：
- charge和change不要分不清；指揮，起訴=accuse。其詞源來於裝載。
- Critic評論者；批評者，criticize批評，criticism評論。
- Found建立，設立；本句引申為：依據。 well founded 理由充足的;有根據的;有事實依據的。Foundation基礎；基金會。
- 要注意的是 as well founded放在句前，這使得本句難度加大。但這是外國人的一個用語習慣。
- 要看出made by some of his critics作定語修飾the charge。
- That引導的從句解釋the charge。
07-4
He adds humbly that perhaps he was"superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention,and in observing them carefully."
譯：他謙虛地補充說或許自己在"注意到容易受忽略的事物，並能仔細觀望這些事物方面優於普通人"。
你要知道的：
1，add譯為補充說。
2，humble=modest謙虛。Humbly有點像human，告訴我們做人要謙虛。
3，superior to在...有優越性。
4，noticing things 觀注事物。Notice注意、留意。
5，in noticing...和in observing...是並列的，指這兩點都是他的優勢。
6，which easily escape attention是things的定語。
7，the common run of men譯為普通人。
8，escape 原意是逃脫，擺脫；在本句要引伸為：忽略、忽視。
08-5
Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness,but might possibly be injurious to the intellect,and more probably to the moral character.
譯：達爾文確信這些愛好的失去不僅僅是少了快樂，而且有可能有損思維能力，並且更可能使道德品質下降。
你要知道的：
- was convinced相信；確信。
- Loss損失>lost失去。
- Be injurious to...傷害...。
- Injury傷害。
- for journalists ：對記者來說。
- Character譯為品質。
- And表明後面是個並列結構，因此在probably省略了 be injurious。
- Tastes本文意思可理解為：愛好。
