浮士德:我少數的朋友,都散落在天涯

浮士德獻詞-歌德

梁宗岱 譯

浮士德:我少數的朋友,都散落在天涯



導讀:《浮士德》是德國作家歌德創作的一部長達12111行的詩劇,第一部出版於1808年,共二十五場,不分幕。第二部共二十七場,分五幕。全劇沒有首尾連貫的情節,而是以浮士德思想的發展變化為線索,以德國民間傳說為題材,以文藝復興以來的德國和歐洲社會為背景,寫一個新興資產階級先進知識分子不滿現實,竭力探索人生意義和社會理想的生活道路。是一部現實主義和浪漫主義結合得十分完好的詩劇。

《浮士德》(Faust)是歌德的代表作,是他畢生思想和藝術探索的結晶。《浮士德》的構思和寫作,貫串了歌德的一生,1768年開始創作,直到1832年——前後一共64年,即歌德逝世前一年才最後完成。

《浮士德》構思宏偉,內容複雜,結構龐大,風格多變,融現實主義與浪漫主義於一爐,將真實的描寫與奔放的想象、當代的生活與古代的神話傳說雜糅一處,善於運用矛盾對比之法安排場面、配置人物、時莊時諧、有諷有頌、形式多樣、色彩斑駁,達到了極高的藝術境界。


Again ye come, ye hovering Forms! I find ye,

你們又來臨了嗎,飄忽的幻影

As early to my clouded sight ye shone!

早年曾顯現於我朦朧的眼前

Shall I attempt, this once, to seize and bind ye?

今番,我可要把你們凝定?

Still o'er my heart is that illusion thrown?

難道我還不忘情於那些夢幻

Ye crowd more near! Then, be the reign assigned ye,

你們蜂擁前來,好!隨你們高興

And sway me from your misty, shadowy zone!

儘管在煙霧間從我四周湧現

My bosom thrills, with youthful passion shaken,

給那簇擁你們的靈氛所鼓盪

From magic airs that round your march awaken.

我的胸懷又閃著青春的悵望

Of joyous days ye bring the blissful vision;

你們帶來歡樂的年光的影子

The dear, familiar phantoms rise again,

多少親摯的音容偕你們呈現

And, like an old and half-extinct tradition,

象漫溢了一半的古舊傳奇

First Love returns, with Friendship in his train.

最初的愛和友誼紛紛地蒞臨

Renewed is Pain: with mournful repetition

痛苦又更新了,他的嗚咽重提

Life tracks his devious, labyrinthine chain,

我那漂泊的生涯,羊腸的旅程

And names the Good, whose cheating fortune tore them

並細數那些良朋,他們在韶年

From happy hours, and left me to deplore them.

被命運挫折,已先我永別人間

They hear no longer these succeeding measures,

我為他們唱出我最初的感嘆

The souls, to whom my earliest songs I sang:

他們卻聽不見我後來的歌吟

Dispersed the friendly troop, with all its pleasures,

知心話兒即早已風流雲散

And still, alas! the echoes first that rang!

那最初的應和,唉,也永遠消沉

I bring the unknown multitude my treasures;

我的歌聲把陌生的聽眾搖撼

Their very plaudits give my heart a pang,

他們的讚揚徒使我心急如焚

And those beside, whose joy my Song so flattered,

而少數知音,如果他們還活著

If still they live, wide through the world are scattered.

也已四散飄零於天涯和海角

And grasps me now a long-unwonted yearning

可是一縷久以生疏的鄉思

For that serene and solemn Spirit-Land:

又曳我向那靜謐莊嚴的靈都

My song, to faint Aeolian murmurs turning,

我微語般的歌詞像是豎琴上的哀音,

Sways like a harp-string by the breezes fanned.

帶著迷離的音調娓娓地低述

I thrill and tremble; tear on tear is burning,

一陣顫慄抓住我,眼淚接眼淚

And the stern heart is tenderly unmanned.

硬心腸化作一團溫軟的模糊

What I possess, I see far distant lying,

我眼前有的,霎時消逝的遠遠,

And what I lost, grows real and undying.

那消逝了的,重新矗立在眼前。

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