代詞是英語中非常重要的一類詞，也是高考必考考點。《2017年普通高等學校招生全國統一
考試大綱》附錄語法項目表中對代詞考查列了六項：①人稱代詞②物主代詞③反身代詞④指
示代詞⑤不定代詞⑥疑問代詞。
2015年高考全國卷Ⅰ第 54題（完形填空）考查的是代詞 whoever、whatever、whichever
與 whenever的辨析；第 63題（語法填空）考查的是 its的用法；第 78題（短文改錯）考查
的是不定代詞 much與 many的辨析，第 80題（短文改錯）考查的是 your與 our的辨析。
2016年高考全國卷Ⅰ第 44題（完形填空）考查的是代詞 each，another，this與 that的
辨析；第 68題（語法填空）考查的是 its的用法（給出代詞 it，根據題意須將其變為 its）；
第 71題（短文改錯）考查的是關係代詞 that與 which的辨析；第 79題（短文改錯）考查的
是 our與 his的辨析。
2017高考全國卷Ⅰ第 70題考查的是關係代詞 which引導非限制性定語從句。
III. 不定代詞用法注意點：
1. one, some與 any:
1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，複數為 ones。some多用於肯定句，any多用於疑問句和
否定句。
One should learn to think of others.
Have you any bookmarks? No, I don't have any bookmarks.
I have some questions to ask.
2) some可用於疑問句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答覆，或者表示建議，請求等。
Would you like some bananas?
Could you give me some money?
3) some 和 any修飾可數名詞單數時，some表示某個，any表示任何一個。
I have read this article in some magazine.
Please correct the mistakes, if any.
4) some和數詞連用表示"大約"，any可與比較級連用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school.
Do you feel any better today?
2. each和 every:
each強調個別，代表的數可以是兩個或兩個以上，而 every強調整體，所指的數必須是三個
或三個以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary.
Each (of us) has a dictionary.
We each have a dictionary.
Every student has strong and weak points.
Every one of us has strong and weak points.
3. none和 no：
no等於 not any，作定語。none作主語或賓語，代替不可數名詞，謂語用單數，代替可數名
詞，謂語單複數皆可以。
There is no water in the bottle.
How much water is there in the bottle? None.
None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.
4. other和 another:
1) other泛指"另外的，別的"常與其他詞連用，如：the other day, every other week, some other
reason, no other way,
the other特指兩者中的另外一個，複數為 the others。如：He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.
Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
2) another指"又一個，另一個"無所指，複數形式是 others，泛指"別的人或事"如：
I don't like this shirt, please show me another (one).
The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.
Some like football, while others like basketball.
5. all和 both, neither和 either
all表示不可數名詞時，其謂語動詞用單數。both和 all加否定詞表示部分否定，全部否定用
neither和 none.
All of the books are not written in English.
Not all of the books are written in English.
Both of us are not teachers.
Not both of us are teachers.
Either of us is a teacher.
IV .高考英語短文改錯及語法填空考點分析及訓練·代詞
考點規律分析：短文改錯對代詞的考查主要涉及人稱代詞的前後一致性(包括指代的一致性
和單複數的一致性)、人稱代詞的主格與賓語變化、各類代詞的誤加與漏用(尤其是一些易受
漢語影響的結構)、某些不定代詞的用法(尤其是在意思上用錯)、代詞在某些習語中的用法等。
語法填空主要涉及代詞的單複數、人稱代詞主格、賓格以及所有格之間的轉換，反身代詞及
不定代詞的用法等。
代詞 單句改錯之真題訓練：如果有不懂得地方，可以在評論區留言諮詢，我一定認真回答。
1. David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village.
2.When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head.
3.We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe many times.
4. And I can't forget the good food you cooked for I.
5. I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon.
6.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
7.And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.
8. Now I can't watch much television, but a few years ago…
9. I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it.
10. I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works.
11. …in any other words, I am an only child.
12. For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldn't find.
13. Then he ate it all by himself. He never helped other.
14. I was learning to express me in simple English.
15. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.
16. At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.
17. And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own .
18. What's more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him.
代詞單句改錯之模擬訓練：
1. Here are some letters for you and he.
2. She loves swimming. It keeps she fit.
3.Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it.
4. Everyone here gets up earlier than her does.
5. Here is my dog. It's name is Petty.
6. He opened mouth as if to say something.
7. Don't lose your heart. Try again.
8. The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own.
9. I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me.
10. He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.
11. When you are away from home, you should look after you.
12. If you have any question, put up hand.
13. It's a very important thing. You must think over carefully.
14.I don't like these; please show me some other.
15. In order to catch the thief, the police did his best.
16. This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago.
17. I'm very sorry about all the whole thing.
18. When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me.
19. Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything.
20. At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back.
代詞單句改錯之提升訓練：
A級
1. She gave the books to you, him and I.
2. Whose dictionary is this? ---- It's my.
3. This is Tom's cap, not your.
4. I haven't brought the dictionary with me. Will you lend me your?
5. Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of hers.
6. He is too young to look after he.
7. He always helps others. This is why we trust him.
8. That took him three hours to finish the homework.
9. Who is that man? ---- He is a teacher.
10. They were both very tired, but none of them would stop to take a rest.
B級
1. It is me who am going to help her.
2. He thinks more of others than of oneself.
3. We had better ask the president him about it.
4. That is exactly all what I want to tell you.
5. What she said is the same as us.
6. The weather in summer in Beijing is hotter than it in Guangzhou.
7. He runs faster than anyone in his class.
8. I don't think that possible to master a foreign language in a short time.
9. Each of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of those hadn't been cleaned for at least a
year.
代詞單句語法填空之真題訓練：
1.On my recent visit, I held a lively three－month－old twin that had been rejected by
________(it) mother.
2.No news is good news, and good news is no news.________are the classic rules for the evening
broadcasts and the morning papers.
3.For the first time, I feel good about ________ (me) because I'm doing something, not because
someone told me I was doing good.
4.Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.However, women,
on average, live longer.In general, ________can expect to live six or seven years more than men.
5.In many ways , the education system in the US is not very different from________in the UK.
6.How would you like ________ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone
came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?
7.The meeting will be held in September, but ________ knows the date for sure.
8.To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the ________.
9.Niki is always full of ideas，but________is useful to my knowledge.
10.The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger school.
11.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but ________ contained any
useful suggestions.
12.You can ask anyone for help.________ here is willing to lend you a hand.
13.—When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?
—________.I'll be in all day.
14.She'd lived in London and Manchester，but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.
15.Susan made________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
16.I'd appreciate ________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
參考答案及解析
語法專題二：代詞
代詞單句改錯之真題訓練：
1.去掉 it，因它與其前的關係代詞 which 語義重複)
2.head 前加 his，漢語可"搖頭"，而英語的習慣要說 shake one's head
3.They 改為 We，前後人稱不一致
4.I 改為 me，因介詞之後的人稱代詞要用賓格
5.去掉 both。因 both 與後面的 two 意義重複，況且詞序安排也不對
6.his 改為 their，因前面的 the Smiths 指的是"史密斯夫婦"或"史密斯一家"，是複數意義
7.they 改為 we，根據句意，主從句的主語應該一致
8.去掉 much，因為從下文看作者現在根本就不看電視
9.去掉 all，因 all 與 whole 語義重複
10.it 改為 they，因它表示 those classes
11.去掉 any，因 in other words 為固定短語，意思是"換句話說"
12.them 改為 it，因它指代上文提到的 a chocolate cake
13.other改為 others，others 泛指"其他人"
14.me 改為 myself，express oneself 為固定結構，意為"表明意思、意見，表達思想"
15.showed 後加 it，showed 在此作及物動詞，後面缺少賓語
16.me 改為 myself，根據主語和句意，此處應用反身代詞
17.your 改為 their，主語是 more and more people，故用代詞 their
18.him 改為 them，因為此處要代替的是 your pupils
代詞單句改錯之模擬訓練：
【參考答案】
1.he 改為 him，因與you並列用作介詞 for 的賓語。
2. she 改為 her，因用作動詞 keeps 的賓語。
3. it 改為 them，因它指代前面的cats。
4.her 改為 she，因其後有動詞 does。
5. It's 改為 Its，it's = it is / it has，而 its 意為"它的"。
6. mouth 前加his，按英語習慣，此物主代詞不能少。
7.去掉 your，比較：lose heart意為灰心，lose one's heart意為愛上。
8.his 改為 their，因其前相應的名詞 the Smiths(史密斯夫婦)表複數。
9.me 改為 mine，a friend of 後習慣上名詞性物主代詞，不接人稱代詞的賓格形式。
10. 將 her hand 中的 her 改為 his，句意為"他對她笑了笑，把他的手放在她手上"。
11. 將最後一個 you 改為 yourself，look after oneself 意為"自己照顧自己"。
12.hand 前加 your，否則不合英語習慣。
13.think 後加 it，因 think over 為及物動詞。
14.other 改為 others，指另外的一些；若指另外的一個，可用 another。
15.his 改為 their，指代前面的 the police(它永遠表複數意義)。
16. 去掉 it，因 it 與 which 語義重複。
17. 去掉 all，因它與 the whole 語義重複。
18.parents 前加 my，否則不符合英語習慣。
19. anything 改為 everything，否則語意不通。
20. them 改為 it，因 baggage 為不可數名詞。
代詞單句改錯之提升訓練：
A 級
1.I改為me
2.my改為mine
3.your改為yours
4.your改為yours
5.hers改為theirs
6.第二個he改為himself
7.This改為That
8.That 改為The
9.Who改為What
10.none改為neither
B 級
1.me改為I
2.oneself改為himself
3.him改為himself
4. What改為that或將all去掉
5.us改為ours
6.it改為that
7.anyone後面加else
8. That改為it
9. Each改為None
10.those改為which
代詞單句語法填空之真題訓練：
1．its [根據空格後的名詞及前文中的 a lively three－month－old twin可知要用形容詞性物
主代詞。]
2．Those/These [根據句意：沒消息就是好消息，好消息就是沒消息。對於一些晚間播報和
早報來說，這是(那是)經典法則。指代前面的兩句話。]
3．myself [根據句意：第一次，我因為自己做事情而自我感覺良好，而不是因為別人告訴
我做得好。]
4．they [根據句意：女人平均比男人活得年齡長，總體來說，她們有望比男人多活六七年。
此處用 they代替前文的 women。]
5．that [考查代詞。句意：在許多方面，美國的教育制度與英國的不是非常的不同。代詞 that
指代前文中出現的 the education system。]
6.it [句意：如果你正在看最喜愛的電視節目，這時有人進來沒有徵求你的意見就把電視關
了，你會怎麼想。固定表達 how would you like it if...，在此結構中 it 代替後面 if 句的內容。]
7．nobody [句意：會議將在九月召開，但是沒人知道具體日期。句中的關鍵詞為 but，表
轉折，故 nobody沒有人，符合句意。]
8．other [句意：為了讓自己暖和起來，這個水手坐在火堆旁，光著腳，用一隻腳搓另一隻
腳。表示兩者中的一個，另一個，用 one...the other...。]
9．none [句意：Niki 總是有很多想法，但是沒有一個想法對我的知識有用。三者或三者否
定以上用 none，可指人也可指物。]
10．that [句意：這所規模較小的學校的教育質量比一些規模較大的學校的教育質量好得多。
表示比較時，指代前面的 quality of education要用 that，為了避免重複，可以替代前面提到
的名詞。
11．neither [句意：這個研究組發佈了以調查為基礎的兩個報道，但是都沒有有用的建議。
考查代詞。根據句意，兩者都不用 neither。]
12．Everyone [考查不定代詞。句意：你可以向任何一個人求助。在這裡的每一個人都會
給予你幫助。根據前句中的 anyone，可知填 everyone。]
13．Either [根據"in the morning or afternoon""我全天都在家裡。"可知答案應填 Either。]
14．neither [題乾的意思是"她在倫敦和曼徹斯特都住過，可是這兩座城市她都不喜歡，就
搬到劍橋去了。"由此意可知要用 neither(兩者都不)
15．it [句意：蘇珊向我清楚地表達了她希望過自己的新生活。此處用 it 作形式賓語，that
從句作真正的賓語。]
16．it [句意：如果你能提前告訴我你來不來，我將非常感激。I'd appreciate it if you could...
為固定句型，it 代指 if 引導的從句。]
閱讀更多 英語老師攀子show 的文章
