Well this is a really extraordinary honor for me. I spend most of my time in jails, in prisons, on death
row. I spend most of my time in very low-income communities in the projects and places where
there's a great deal of hopelessness. And being here at TED and seeing the stimulation, hearing it,
has been very, very energizing to me.
很榮幸來到這裡。我大多數時候都在管教所、在監獄裡、在死囚室中。大部分時間我在低收入的社區裡工作，
在充滿絕望的地區，做前途暗淡的項目。今天來到 TED，看到聽到這些激動人心的演講，給了我一針強心劑。
And one of the things that's emerged in my short time here is that TED has an identity. And you can
actually say things here that have impacts around the world. And sometimes when it comes through
TED, it has meaning and power that it doesn't have when it doesn't.
在這短短的時間裡，我注意到 TED 有自己的定位，你可以看到這裡發生的事情，影響全世界。有時當事情發
生在 TED 的講臺上，比發生在別處更有意義，更有影響。
And I mention that because I think identity is really important. And we've had some fantastic
presentations. And I think what we've learned is that, if you're a teacher your words can be meaningful,
but if you're a compassionate teacher, they can be especially meaningful.
我提起這個是因為我覺得自我定位很重要。我們已經聽了一些精彩的演說，我們已經體會到作為一個老師，你
的話是有影響力的。如果你是個很慈善的老師，你的教導就格外意味深長。
If you're a doctor you can do some good things, but if you're a caring doctor you can do some other
things. And so I want to talk about the power of identity. And I didn't learn about this actually
practicing law and doing the work that I do. I actually learned about this from my grandmother.
作為一個醫生，你能夠幫助人。如果你是個體恤病人的醫生，你能幫助更多，所以我想講講定位的重要性。我
不是從做律師或者做其他項目學到怎樣自我定位的，我其實是從我外婆那裡學到的。
I grew up in a house that was the traditional African-American home that was dominated by a
matriarch, and that matriarch was my grandmother. She was tough, she was strong, she was powerful.
She was the end of every argument in our family. She was the beginning of a lot of arguments in our
family.
我的家庭是一個傳統的黑人家庭 ，只有一個女家長，就是我的外婆。她很堅韌，也很強壯，威風凜凜。家裡
有爭執，她有決定權 不過很多事兒也是她挑起來的。
She was the daughter of people who were actually enslaved. Her parents were born in slavery in
Virginia in the 1840's. She was born in the 1880's and the experience of slavery very much shaped
the way she saw the world.
她的父母曾是真正的黑奴，弗吉尼亞州 19 世紀 40 年代，她父母落草為奴，我外婆是十九世紀八十年代生的
這段父母被奴役的經歷，決定了她看世界的角度。
And my grandmother was tough, but she was also loving. When I would see her as a little boy, she'd
come up to me and she'd give me these hugs. And she'd squeeze me so tight I could barely breathe
and then she'd let me go.
我的外婆很強勢，但她也很慈愛。當我是個小男孩時，每次見到她都擁抱我。她抱得那麼緊，我都透不過氣來，
然後她才會放開我。
And an hour or two later, if I saw her, she'd come over to me and she'd say, "Bryan, do you still feel
me hugging you?" And if I said, "No," she'd assault me again, and if I said, "Yes," she'd leave me alone.
And she just had this quality that you always wanted to be near her.
一兩個小時之後，當我再見她，她會過來問我：“還能感覺我的擁抱麼？”如果我說“感覺不到了”，她就再
度出擊，直到我說“感覺得到”，她才放開我。她就是有這個能力，讓你老是想親近她。
And the only challenge was that she had 10 children. My mom was the youngest of her 10 kids. And
sometimes when I would go and spend time with her, it would be difficult to get her time and
attention. My cousins would be running around everywhere.
唯一的挑戰是她有十個兒女，我媽媽是十個裡最年輕的。常常當我去和外婆親近時，很難讓她注意到我，有時
間陪我。我的表兄妹們總是無處不在。
And I remember, when I was about eight or nine years old, waking up one morning, going into the
living room, and all of my cousins were running around. And my grandmother was sitting across the
room staring at me. And at first I thought we were playing a game.
我記得，當我八九歲時的一次，我早上醒來，跑到客廳，所有的表兄妹都在。我外婆坐在房間的另一端，盯著
我看，一開始我以為我們在玩遊戲。
And I would look at her and I'd smile, but she was very serious. And after about 15 or 20 minutes of
this, she got up and she came across the room and she took me by the hand and she said, "Come
on, Bryan. You and I are going to have a talk." And I remember this just like it happened yesterday. I
never will forget it.
我就看回去，對她笑笑，但我外婆是很嚴肅的。大概十五還是二十分鐘之後 她站起來，穿過房間，牽住我的
手。對我說：“過來，布萊恩，我們得談談。”這就像是昨天才發生的一樣，我永遠忘不掉。
She took me out back and she said, "Bryan, I'm going to tell you something, but you don't tell
anybody what I tell you." I said, "Okay, Mama." She said, "Now you make sure you don't do that." I
said, "Sure."
她把我帶到一邊說：“我想和你說些事，你不許和任何人說。”我答應了：“好的，姥姥。”她說：“保證絕
不說出去。”我回答：“保證。”
Then she sat me down and she looked at me and she said, "I want you to know I've been watching
you." And she said, "I think you're special." She said, "I think you can do anything you want to do." I
will never forget it.
然後我們坐下，她看著我 說：“我想讓你知道，我觀察你一段時間了。”接著她說：“你是個特別的孩子。”
她說：“我確信你是無所不能的。”這我永遠不會忘記。
And then she said, "I just need you to promise me three things, Bryan." I said, "Okay, Mama." She
said, "The first thing I want you to promise me is that you'll always love your mom." She said, "That's
my baby girl, and you have to promise me now you'll always take care of her." Well I adored my mom,
so I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do that."
接著她說：“我想讓你向我保證三件事。”我說：“好的姥姥。” 她說：“第一，我想讓你保證，你會永遠愛
你的媽媽。”她說：“你媽媽是我的心頭肉，你得向我保證你會永遠愛護她。”我很愛我媽媽，我說：“好，
姥姥，我會。”
Then she said, "The second thing I want you to promise me is that you'll always do the right thing
even when the right thing is the hard thing." And I thought about it and I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do
that." Then finally she said, "The third thing I want you to promise me is that you'll never drink
alcohol." (Laughter) Well I was nine years old, so I said, "Yes, Mama. I'll do that."
接著她說：“第二件事，是你要答應我，你會永遠走正路，即使走正路是很難的選擇。”我想了想回答：“好
的姥姥，我會的。”最後她說：“第三件事，我要你保證，你永不喝酒。”我才九歲，我答應：“好，姥姥，
我保證。”
I grew up in the country in the rural South, and I have a brother a year older than me and a sister a
year younger. When I was about 14 or 15, one day my brother came home and he had this six-pack
of beer -- I don't know where he got it -- and he grabbed me and my sister and we went out in the
woods. And we were kind of just out there doing the stuff we crazily did.
我在南部的鄉下長大，我有個哥哥大我一歲，還有個妹妹小我一歲。當我十四五歲時，一天我哥哥帶回到家半
打啤酒——我都不知道他怎麼弄到的——他帶上我和我妹妹，跑到樹林裡，一通瘋玩瘋跑。
And he had a sip of this beer and he gave some to my sister and she had some, and they offered it
to me. I said, "No, no, no. That's okay. You all go ahead. I'm not going to have any beer." My brother
said, "Come on. We're doing this today; you always do what we do. I had some, your sister had some.
Have some beer."
他喝了一口啤酒，遞給我妹妹，她也喝了。然後他們遞給了我，我說：“我不要。沒事，你們喝。我不喝。”
我哥哥說：“來嘛，我們今個兒都喝。你老是和我們一條陣線的。我喝了點，妹妹也喝了點，你來些。”
I said, "No, I don't feel right about that. Y'all go ahead. Y'all go ahead." And then my brother started
staring at me. He said, "What's wrong with you? Have some beer." Then he looked at me real hard
and he said, "Oh, I hope you're not still hung up on that conversation Mama had with you."
我說：“不，我不想喝。你們喝你們喝。”我哥哥盯住我問：“你有什麼毛病？喝一點。”接著他細細打量了
我一會，問我：“噢，你不會還想著 姥姥要你保證的事吧。”我說：“你在說什麼呀？”
I said, "Well, what are you talking about?" He said, "Oh, Mama tells all the grandkids that they're
special." I was devastated. And I'm going to admit something to you. I'm going to tell you something
I probably shouldn't. I know this might be broadcast broadly.
他說：“姥姥和每個外孫都說他很特別。”我這個傷心呀。現在我想向大家坦白一件事，可能不該在這裡說，
因為這個演講是會到處播的。
But I'm 52 years old, and I'm going to admit to you that I've never had a drop of alcohol. I don't say
that because I think that's virtuous; I say that because there is power in identity. When we create the
right kind of identity, we can say things to the world around us that they don't actually believe makes
sense.
我今年五十二歲了，我要向大家承認，我從來沒有喝過一滴酒。這不是為了顯派我多有道德，是為了說明自我
定位的威力。當我們決定了正確的定位，我們就可以讓全世界接受，他們本來想不到的事情。
We can get them to do things that they don't think they can do. When I thought about my
grandmother, of course she would think all her grandkids were special. My grandfather was in prison
during prohibition. My male uncles died of alcohol-related diseases. And these were the things she
thought we needed to commit to.
我們能讓世界做他們本來覺得做不到的事情。當我想到我的外婆，她當然覺得每個外孫都很特別。我的外公因
為違了禁在蹲監獄，我不止一個舅舅死於和酗酒有關的疾病，這些原則都是我外婆相信我們應該堅持的。
Well I've been trying to say something about our criminal justice system. This country is very different
today than it was 40 years ago. In 1972, there were 300,000 people in jails and prisons. Today, there
are 2.3 million. The United States now has the highest rate of incarceration in the world.
我想向大家介紹的是我們刑事執法系統。和四十年前比，這個國家變了很多。在 1972 年，監獄裡只有三十萬
人。今天，有兩百三十萬。今天美國是世界上服刑人口比例最高的國家。
We have seven million people on probation and parole. And mass incarceration, in my judgment, has
fundamentally changed our world. In poor communities, in communities of color there is this despair,
there is this hopelessness, that is being shaped by these outcomes.
我們有七百萬人在緩刑期和假釋期。在我看來，這樣的大量判刑，完全改變了我們的世界。在貧窮的社區裡，
在有色人種社區裡，充滿了絕望。這樣的絕望是由這些改變帶來的。
One out of three black men between the ages of 18 and 30 is in jail, in prison, on probation or parole.
In urban communities across this country -- Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington -- 50
to 60 percent of all young men of color are in jail or prison or on probation or parole.
三分之一的黑人男性，十八歲到三十歲之間的，不是在監獄裡，就是在緩刑期或者假釋期。在全國各處的城市
社區裡 —— 洛杉磯，費城，巴爾的摩，華盛頓 —— 百分之五十到六十的有色人種的年輕人，不是在監獄
裡，就是在緩刑期或者假釋期。
Our system isn't just being shaped in these ways that seem to be distorting around race, they're also
distorted by poverty. We have a system of justice in this country that treats you much better if you're
rich and guilty than if you're poor and innocent.
我們的司法系統不僅是改變了，而是圍繞著種族問題扭曲了，也圍繞著貧困扭曲了。這個國家的司法系統，會
對你特殊照顧。如果你是有罪的富人而不是無辜的窮人的話。
Wealth, not culpability, shapes outcomes. And yet, we seem to be very comfortable. The politics of
fear and anger have made us believe that these are problems that are not our problems. We've been
disconnected.
財富，而不是過失本身，決定了最終結果 。可是，我們還挺自在的呢。玩弄恐懼和憤怒的政治手腕，說服了
我們，事不關己，高高掛起。
It's interesting to me. We're looking at some very interesting developments in our work. My state of
Alabama, like a number of states, actually permanently disenfranchises you if you have a criminal
conviction.
我對這個很感興趣。我們日常工作能看一些很有意思的變革。我所在的阿拉巴馬州，像很多其他州一樣，如果
你被判有罪，就終身剝奪你的政治權力。
Right now in Alabama 34 percent of the black male population has permanently lost the right to
vote. We're actually projecting in another 10 years the level of disenfranchisement will be as high as
it's been since prior to the passage of the Voting Rights Act. And there is this stunning silence.
現在在阿拉巴馬州，百分之三十四的黑人男性，永遠失去了投票權。我們向前看十年，這個剝奪政治權利的比
例，將和投票權法案通過之前一樣的高，可是沒人提半個字。
I represent children. A lot of my clients are very young. The United States is the only country in the
world where we sentence 13-year-old children to die in prison. We have life imprisonment without
parole for kids in this country. And we're actually doing some litigation. The only country in the world.
我代表孩子們上庭。很多我的被告都很年輕，美國是世界上唯一能將十三歲的孩子，判成終身監禁的國家。我
國對孩子判終身監禁，還不得假釋。我們其實現在就在幫這些人上訴，世界上獨一份。
I represent people on death row. It's interesting, this question of the death penalty. In many ways,
we've been taught to think that the real question is, do people deserve to die for the crimes they've
committed? And that's a very sensible question.
我也代理死刑犯的官司。死刑這件事很發人深省。我們從各種渠道瞭解到（死刑的）根本問題是，人該不該為
他們犯的罪行償命？這是個非常合理的問題。
But there's another way of thinking about where we are in our identity. The other way of thinking
about it is not, do people deserve to die for the crimes they commit, but do we deserve to kill? I
mean, it's fascinating.
但是另一方面，問題是我們的自我定位。另一個想問題的方式，不是人們該不該為罪行償命。而是我們配不配
殺他們，我是說，這個問題非常震撼。
Death penalty in America is defined by error. For every nine people who have been executed, we've
actually identified one innocent person who's been exonerated and released from death row. A kind
of astonishing error rate -- one out of nine people innocent.
死刑在美國是常有差錯的，每九個被判死刑的人，有一個後來會被證明無罪，被免死刑。這種錯誤率 —— 九
分之一的人完全無辜。
I mean, it's fascinating. In aviation, we would never let people fly on airplanes if for every nine planes
that took off one would crash. But somehow we can insulate ourselves from this problem. It's not
our problem. It's not our burden. It's not our struggle.
我得說，非常震撼。學航空的人知道，如果每九架飛機裡，會有一架出事故，我們肯定是不會讓這玩意兒載人
飛的。但是莫名其妙地，我們就能忽視死刑的問題。因為這不是我們自身的問題，這不是我們自身的麻煩，這
不是我們自身的掙扎。
I talk a lot about these issues. I talk about race and this question of whether we deserve to kill. And
it's interesting, when I teach my students about African-American history, I tell them about slavery. I
tell them about terrorism, the era that began at the end of reconstruction that went on to World War
II. We don't really know very much about it.
我談了很多種族問題，還有我們配不配執行死刑，這很發人深省。當我教美國黑人歷史的時候，我和學生講奴
隸制，和他們講恐怖主義，那個始於大復興晚期，一直到二戰時期的時代。我們並不真的瞭解那段歷史。
But for African-Americans in this country, that was an era defined by terror. In many communities,
people had to worry about being lynched. They had to worry about being bombed. It was the threat
of terror that shaped their lives. And these older people come up to me now and they say, "Mr.
Stevenson, you give talks, you make speeches, you tell people to stop saying we're dealing with
terrorism for the first time in our nation's history after 9/11."但是對於這個國家的黑人來說，那是個白色
恐怖時代。在很多社區，人們害怕隨時會被私刑處死，人們擔心隨時會被炸彈襲擊。那個白色恐怖時代，改變
了他們的生活。那時的人現在上了年紀，來和我說“史蒂文森先生，你到處演講，你得告訴大家，別說什麼 911
以後是我們美國有史以來第一次對付恐怖主義。”
They tell me to say, "No, tell them that we grew up with that." And that era of terrorism, of course,
was followed by segregation and decades of racial subordination and apartheid. And yet, we have in
this country this dynamic where we really don't like to talk about our problems.
他們讓我說：“我們就是在恐怖里長大的。”那個恐怖主義的時代。當然了，最後演變成了無法逾越的鴻溝，
數十年的種族歧視和種族隔離。然而，我們這個國家，不喜歡討論存在的問題。
We don't like to talk about our history. And because of that, we really haven't understood what it's
meant to do the things we've done historically. We're constantly running into each other. We're
constantly creating tensions and conflicts.
我們不喜歡討論歷史。正因如此，我們不能真正理解，我們有史以來做了什麼。我們不停地產生衝突，不停地
製造緊張氣氛。
We have a hard time talking about race, and I believe it's because we are unwilling to commit
ourselves to a process of truth and reconciliation. In South Africa, people understood that we couldn't
overcome apartheid without a commitment to truth and reconciliation. In Rwanda, even after the
genocide, there was this commitment, but in this country we haven't done that.
我們沒法討論種族問題，我相信是因為我們不願意正視一系列的事實，不願意達成和解。在南非，人們知道，
我們不能忘記種族隔離。除非我們誠實面對，達成和解。在盧旺達，即使種族滅絕後，人們還是正視了，但是
在美國我們不願意這麼幹。
I was giving some lectures in Germany about the death penalty. It was fascinating because one of
the scholars stood up after the presentation and said, "Well you know it's deeply troubling to hear
what you're talking about." He said, "We don't have the death penalty in Germany. And of course, we
can never have the death penalty in Germany."
我也在德國談過死刑的問題，結果很絕妙。因為在講談後有個學者站起來，說：“你要知道，聽你談這個很痛
心。”他說：“我們德國沒有死刑。當然了，我們德國永遠也不可能有死刑。”
And the room got very quiet, and this woman said, "There's no way, with our history, we could ever
engage in the systematic killing of human beings. It would be unconscionable for us to, in an
intentional and deliberate way, set about executing people."
全場肅靜，這位女士說：“因為我們的歷史，我們永不可能決定有系統地殺人。 公開化且下意識地執行死刑，
對我們來說，是良心上無法接受的。
And I thought about that. What would it feel like to be living in a world where the nation state of
Germany was executing people, especially if they were disproportionately Jewish? I couldn't bear it.
It would be unconscionable.
我思考了這個問題。如果我整天都看著德國人殺人，毫無道理地屠殺猶太人，我會有什麼感受？我無法忍受，
那真是太不合理了。
And yet, in this country, in the states of the Old South, we execute people -- where you're 11 times
more likely to get the death penalty if the victim is white than if the victim is black, 22 times more
likely to get it if the defendant is black and the victim is white -- in the very states where there are
buried in the ground the bodies of people who were lynched. And yet, there is this disconnect.
但是，在我們這個國家，在南方各州，我們真的在屠殺 —— 當僅僅因為受害人是白人而不是黑人，你被判死
刑的機率上升十倍時。當僅僅因為被告是黑人而不是白人，你被判死刑的機率上升二十一倍時 —— 在這些
州，到處埋著被私刑處死的人。可是，我們還是漠不關心。
Well I believe that our identity is at risk. That when we actually don't care about these difficult things,
the positive and wonderful things are nonetheless implicated. We love innovation. We love
technology. We love creativity. We love entertainment. But ultimately, those realities are shadowed
by suffering, abuse, degradation, marginalization.
我相信這說明我們有定位危機。當我們對這些棘手的問題置之不顧時，我們卻仍舊對那些正面的好事兒。一如
既往地關心，我們愛極了革新，我們愛技術，我們愛創造，我們愛娛樂。但是最終，這些好的現實都被痛苦煎
熬，濫用職權，剝奪人權邊緣化，蒙上了陰影。
And for me, it becomes necessary to integrate the two. Because ultimately we are talking about a
need to be more hopeful, more committed, more dedicated to the basic challenges of living in a
complex world. And for me that means spending time thinking and talking about the poor, the
disadvantaged, those who will never get to TED.
對於我來說，兩者合一是必要的。因為最終我們談的是怎麼更有希望，更有保障，更有貢獻。來應付生活在這
個複雜社會中的種種挑戰。對於我來說那需要花時間思考和討論，窮人階層，弱勢群體，那些永遠也沒機會來
TED 的人。
But thinking about them in a way that is integrated in our own lives.You know ultimately, we all have
to believe things we haven't seen. We do. As rational as we are, as committed to intellect as we are.
Innovation, creativity, development comes not from the ideas in our mind alone.
不過想著他們其實在某種意義上，是把他們融合進我們的生活裡。要知道最終，我們得相信那些沒親眼見的事
我們不得不。作為理智的社會，這麼聰明的社會革新，創造 發展，並不僅僅在我們腦子裡空想出來的。
They come from the ideas in our mind that are also fueled by some conviction in our heart. And it's
that mind-heart connection that I believe compels us to not just be attentive to all the bright and
dazzly things, but also the dark and difficult things. Vaclav Havel, the great Czech leader, talked about
this.
它們是從我們腦子裡的智慧，和我們心裡的信念相結合的產物。這個靈智合一，我相信會驅使我們。不僅僅是
對那些，光明的事情更上心。同時對那些黑暗面和棘手的事情也是一樣，韋克拉烏·哈韋爾，這位捷克的傑出領
導人，談過這個問題。
He said, "When we were in Eastern Europe and dealing with oppression, we wanted all kinds of things,
but mostly what we needed was hope, an orientation of the spirit, a willingness to sometimes be in
hopeless places and be a witness."
他說：“當我們在東歐解決強制壓迫的問題時，我們希望能成就很多。但是最重要的，我們要一個希望，一個
心靈的指向，一種不憚於體會絕望的態度，以及為史留證的意願。”
Well that orientation of the spirit is very much at the core of what I believe even TED communities
have to be engaged in. There is no disconnect around technology and design that will allow us to be
fully human until we pay attention to suffering, to poverty, to exclusion, to unfairness, to injustice.
這個心靈的指向，就是我的核心信念。我們的 TED 社會也要參與進來，這裡不應有任何東西把高新的科技和
完美的設計，和我們的人性間隔開來。只要我們還能注意到痛苦，注意到貧窮，制約，不公和冤屈。
Now I will warn you that this kind of identity is a much more challenging identity than ones that
don't pay attention to this. It will get to you. I had the great privilege, when I was a young lawyer, of
meeting Rosa Parks.
我想提醒大家，這樣的定位是很有挑戰性的。比起那些漠不關心的定位來說，它會影響你。當我是個年輕律師，
我有幸見到帕克斯夫人。
And Ms. Parks used to come back to Montgomery every now and then, and she would get together
with two of her dearest friends, these older women, Johnnie Carr who was the organizer of the
Montgomery bus boycott -- amazing African-American woman -- and Virginia Durr, a white woman,
whose husband, Clifford Durr, represented Dr. King.
帕克斯夫人曾時不時會到蒙哥馬利，每次她都會和兩個好友會面。兩位上了年紀的女性，姜妮·卡爾，她是蒙哥
馬利公車抵制運動的組織者 —— 非常出色的黑人女性 —— 還有弗吉尼亞·杜爾，一位白人女性，她丈夫克
利福德·杜爾是馬丁·路德·金的律師。
And these women would get together and just talk. And every now and then Ms. Carr would call me,
and she'd say, "Bryan, Ms. Parks is coming to town. We're going to get together and talk. Do you
want to come over and listen?"
這些女士們經常聚在一起討論問題。有時卡爾夫人會給我打電話 問我：“帕克斯夫人回來了，我們要聚聚。
你願不願意來聽我們談話？”
And I'd say, "Yes, Ma'am, I do." And she'd say, "Well what are you going to do when you get here?" I
said, "I'm going to listen." And I'd go over there and I would, I would just listen. It would be so
energizing and so empowering.
我會說：“當然，夫人，我願意。”她會問：“你來這裡具體幹什麼呀？”我會說：“我就想聽聽。”然後我
會過去，只是傾聽，這些聚會總是非常激動和鼓舞人心的。
And one time I was over there listening to these women talk, and after a couple of hours Ms. Parks
turned to me and she said, "Now Bryan, tell me what the Equal Justice Initiative is. Tell me what you're
trying to do." And I began giving her my rap.
有一次我在那裡聽她們談話，幾小時後帕克斯夫人問我。她問：“布萊恩，和我講講你的平等司法倡議。和我
講講你打算做什麼。”我就開始大講特講。
I said, "Well we're trying to challenge injustice. We're trying to help people who have been wrongly
convicted. We're trying to confront bias and discrimination in the administration of criminal justice.
We're trying to end life without parole sentences for children. We're trying to do something about
the death penalty. We're trying to reduce the prison population. We're trying to end mass
incarceration."
我說：“我們想向不公正的待遇提出挑戰。我們想幫那些被誤判了刑的人。我們想和在刑法制度裡的偏見和歧
視做對抗。給孩子被判終身無法假釋的制度給終結掉。我們想為死刑制度做些改變。我們想減少監獄人口。我
們還想杜絕過度氾濫的監禁。”
I gave her my whole rap, and when I finished she looked at me and she said, "Mmm mmm mmm."
She said, "That's going to make you tired, tired, tired." And that's when Ms. Carr leaned forward, she
put her finger in my face, she said, "That's why you've got to be brave, brave, brave."
我做了一個全本無刪減的演講，當我結束時，她盯著我說：“別別別。”她說：“這些會讓你很累，很累，很
累的。”這時卡爾夫人湊過來，她把手放在我臉邊說：“這就是為什麼你要很勇敢很勇敢很勇敢。”
And I actually believe that the TED community needs to be more courageous. We need to find ways
to embrace these challenges, these problems, the suffering. Because ultimately, our humanity
depends on everyone's humanity. I've learned very simple things doing the work that I do. It's just
taught me very simple things.
我確信 TED 這個社會需要更有膽量些，我們需要找到出路，來面對這些挑戰這些問題，這些痛苦。因為最終，
我們的整體的人性取決於每個人的人性，在我的工作中，我學到了非常簡單的原則。
I've come to understand and to believe that each of us is more than the worst thing we've ever done.
I believe that for every person on the planet. I think if somebody tells a lie, they're not just a liar. I
think if somebody takes something that doesn't belong to them, they're not just a thief. I think even
if you kill someone, you're not just a killer.
我開始理解，開始相信。我們每一個人，都不會被我們最壞的一面所定義。我相信，對於這個星球上的每一個
人，如果他撒了個謊，並不說明他就是個騙子。如果他拿了不屬於他的東西，並不說明他就是個慣偷，甚至你
殺了人，並不說明你就是個冷血殺手。
And because of that there's this basic human dignity that must be respected by law. I also believe
that in many parts of this country, and certainly in many parts of this globe, that the opposite of
poverty is not wealth. I don't believe that. I actually think, in too many places, the opposite of poverty
is justice.
因為我相信人類有基本的尊嚴，法律必須尊重它。我也相信，在我們國家的很多地方。當然甚至這個世界的很
多地方。貧窮的反面，不是富裕。我不相信這個，我認為，在很多很多地方，貧窮的反面，是公正。
And finally, I believe that, despite the fact that it is so dramatic and so beautiful and so inspiring and
so stimulating, we will ultimately not be judged by our technology, we won't be judged by our design,
we won't be judged by our intellect and reason.
最後，我相信，儘管（我們的科技和設計）很有聲色，很美妙，很鼓動人心，也很刺激。但我們本身最終不會
被科技所評價，也不會被設計所衡量，我們也不會被智慧和哲學來打分。
Ultimately, you judge the character of a society, not by how they treat their rich and the powerful
and the privileged, but by how they treat the poor, the condemned, the incarcerated. Because it's in
that nexus that we actually begin to understand truly profound things about who we are.
最終，人們會評價我們這個社會，不是根據我們怎麼款待富人，有特權的人。而是根據我們怎麼對待窮人，被
譴責的人，被囚禁的人。因為正是在這個合流點，我們真正地開始對於我們是什麼樣的人，有了深入的理解。
I sometimes get out of balance. I'll end with this story. I sometimes push too hard. I do get tired, as
we all do. Sometimes those ideas get ahead of our thinking in ways that are important. And I've been
representing these kids who have been sentenced to do these very harsh sentences.
我常失去平衡。我想用個故事結束我的演講。我有時工作太多，很累，就像大家每個人一樣。有時這些想法太
多而思考跟不上，結果是很嚴重的。我曾經為這些孩子們辯護，他們被判了很重的刑。
And I go to the jail and I see my client who's 13 and 14, and he's been certified to stand trial as an
adult. I start thinking, well, how did that happen? How can a judge turn you into something that
you're not? And the judge has certified him as an adult, but I see this kid.
我去管教所，看見我的被告都是十三四歲，他們被說成是成年人，作為成年人對待。我開始想，到底是怎麼一
回事？一個法官，怎麼能夠把一個人判定成一個不同的人？這個法官說他是成年人，但我只看見一個孩子。
And I was up too late one night and I starting thinking, well gosh, if the judge can turn you into
something that you're not, the judge must have magic power. Yeah, Bryan, the judge has some magic
power. You should ask for some of that. And because I was up too late, wasn't thinking real straight,
I started working on a motion.
一天晚上我徹夜難眠，不止地想。天哪，如果法官能把你寫成另一個人，這個法官肯定有魔法。對了，布萊恩，
這個法官有魔法，你可得學著點。因為我睡得太晚，腦子不清楚，我開始做一個議案。
And I had a client who was 14 years old, a young, poor black kid. And I started working on this
motion, and the head of the motion was: "Motion to try my poor, 14-year-old black male client like
a privileged, white 75-year-old corporate executive."
我有個被告，十四歲，一個黑人小孩子。我開始做他的辯護，標題是：“提案：將我的十四歲的窮黑孩子，想
成一個七十五歲的特級白人企業高管。”
And I put in my motion that there was prosecutorial misconduct and police misconduct and judicial
misconduct. There was a crazy line in there about how there's no conduct in this county, it's all
misconduct.
在這個提案裡，我說檢察院，警察局和法庭都處理不當。說這個法院沒有合情合法這一說之類的瘋話，全是故
意亂判。
And the next morning, I woke up and I thought, now did I dream that crazy motion, or did I actually
write it? And to my horror, not only had I written it, but I had sent it to court.
第二天早上我醒來回想，我是做了個夢呢？還是真的寫了這個提案？恐怖的是，不光我真寫了，我還寄給法院
了。
A couple months went by, and I had just forgotten all about it. And I finally decided, oh gosh, I've
got to go to the court and do this crazy case. And I got into my car and I was feeling really
overwhelmed -- overwhelmed.
幾個月過去了，我全忘了有這麼回事。最後我決定，天哪，我得上庭去做這個案子，我跳上車，覺得很緊張—
—非常緊張。
And I got in my car and I went to this courthouse. And I was thinking, this is going to be so difficult,
so painful. And I finally got out of the car and I started walking up to the courthouse. And as I was
walking up the steps of this courthouse, there was an older black man who was the janitor in this
courthouse. When this man saw me, he came over to me and he said, "Who are you?" I said, "I'm a
lawyer."
我上車開到法庭，我在想，這將會是場硬仗，會很痛苦。最後我終於鑽出車子，開始往法庭走。當我上臺階時 ，
有個上了年紀的黑人老伯，法院的清潔工。他看見我，跑來說，他問：“你是誰？”我說：“我是律師。”
He said, "You're a lawyer?" I said, "Yes, sir." And this man came over to me and he hugged me. And
he whispered in my ear. He said, "I'm so proud of you." And I have to tell you, it was energizing. It
connected deeply with something in me about identity, about the capacity of every person to
contribute to a community, to a perspective that is hopeful.
他說：“你，是律師？”我說：“是的。先生。”這個老伯湊過來，給了我一個擁抱。他悄悄在我耳邊說，他
說：“我真為你驕傲。”我得和大家承認，這可給了我一針強心劑。他的話提醒了我心深處，我的自我定位，
提醒了我每個人都應該對社會，對更好的前景做出的貢獻。
Well I went into the courtroom. And as soon as I walked inside, the judge saw me coming in. He said,
"Mr. Stevenson, did you write this crazy motion?" I said, "Yes, sir. I did." And we started arguing. And
people started coming in because they were just outraged.
所以我跑到法庭裡，我一走進去，法官看見我就說：“史蒂文森先生，是你寫了這個瘋案麼？”我說：“是先
生，是我寫的。”我們開始爭論，人們陸續跑進來，因為大家都憤怒了。
I had written these crazy things. And police officers were coming in and assistant prosecutors and
clerk workers. And before I knew it, the courtroom was filled with people angry that we were talking
about race, that we were talking about poverty, that we were talking about inequality.
我的確寫了不少挺夠勁的事情。警察也進來了，助理檢察官也進來了，書記員也進來了。我還沒回過神來，整
個法庭站滿了人，全很憤怒，因為我們在談種族問題，我們在談貧窮，我們在談不平等待遇。
And out of the corner of my eye, I could see this janitor pacing back and forth. And he kept looking
through the window, and he could hear all of this holler. He kept pacing back and forth. And finally,
this older black man with this very worried look on his face came into the courtroom and sat down
behind me, almost at counsel table. About 10 minutes later the judge said we would take a break.
我眼角瞟到那個清潔工，在外面走來走去。不斷向裡張望，他也都能聽到人們的抱怨，他就這樣來回來去地走 。
最後，這個黑人老伯進來了，一臉擔心地坐在我後面，幾乎頂到了辯護臺。十分鐘後，法官提議休息一下。
And during the break there was a deputy sheriff who was offended that the janitor had come into
court. And this deputy jumped up and he ran over to this older black man. He said, "Jimmy, what are
you doing in this courtroom?" And this older black man stood up and he looked at that deputy and
he looked at me and he said, "I came into this courtroom to tell this young man, keep your eyes on
the prize, hold on."
休息期間，一個副警長覺得清潔工進法庭有失面子。這個副警長跳起來，向這個老伯衝過去，說：“吉米，你
來法庭裡幹什麼？”這個老黑人站起來，看看這個副警長，看看我。他說：“我進來是想告訴這個年輕人，往
前看，往好了看，挺住。”
I've come to TED because I believe that many of you understand that the moral arc of the universe
is long, but it bends toward justice. That we cannot be full evolved human beings until we care about
human rights and basic dignity. That all of our survival is tied to the survival of everyone.
我今天來 TED 是因為我相信這裡很多人都明白，這個世界的道德的弧線儘管很長，但是永遠向著公正的一邊
傾斜。在我們開始關心人權和尊嚴之前，我們無法真正完成進化，我們的生存和每一個人的生存都分不開。
That our visions of technology and design and entertainment and creativity have to be married with
visions of humanity, compassion and justice. And more than anything, for those of you who share
that, I've simply come to tell you to keep your eyes on the prize, hold on.Thank you very much.
我們在科技和設計上的前景，在娛樂和創造力上的眼光。必須與人性，慈善，和公正的遠見相結合。最重要的
是，對於每個執著此見的人 我只想和你說往前看，往好了看，挺住。謝謝大家。
Chris Anderson: So you heard and saw an obvious desire by this audience, this community, to help
you on your way and to do something on this issue. Other than writing a check, what could we do?
克里斯·安德森：你應該聽到看到。這些聽眾，這個群體想幫你，想做貢獻的意願了。除了給你寫支票，我們還
能做什麼？
BS: Well there are opportunities all around us. If you live in the state of California, for example, there's
a referendum coming up this spring where actually there's going to be an effort to redirect some of
the money we spend on the politics of punishment.
布萊恩：有很多機會。比如，如果你在加州住，今年春天有個公投，將是個很大的工夫。關於重新分配我們在
懲戒人上花的錢。
For example, here in California we're going to spend one billion dollars on the death penalty in the
next five years -- one billion dollars. And yet, 46 percent of all homicide cases don't result in arrest.
56 percent of all rape cases don't result. So there's an opportunity to change that. And this
referendum would propose having those dollars go to law enforcement and safety. And I think that
opportunity exists all around us.
比如，在加州。在未來五年內我們將花掉一億美元 —— 一億呀。同時，百分之四十六的兇殺案都沒有下落。
百分之五十六的強姦案，查不出來。這個公投是個改變現狀的機會，這個公投將提出把這些錢，花在執法和保
安上，我認為這個機會我們能幫忙。
CA: There's been this huge decline in crime in America over the last three decades. And part of the
narrative of that is sometimes that it's about increased incarceration rates. What would you say to
someone who believed that?
克瑞斯：在近三十年，美國的犯罪率有個大下降。有人說部分原因是和大幅上升的監禁率有關，你對持這個說
法的人會怎麼講？
BS: Well actually the violent crime rate has remained relatively stable. The great increase in mass
incarceration in this country wasn't really in violent crime categories. It was this misguided war on
drugs. That's where the dramatic increases have come in our prison population. And we got carried
away with the rhetoric of punishment.
布萊恩：其實犯罪率幾乎沒怎麼變。這個國家上升的監禁率，並不是在暴力犯罪這一類裡的。而是由毒品的濫
用所導致的，這才是我們監獄人口上升的主要原因。我們在花哨的懲戒上走得有點太遠了。
And so we have three strikes laws that put people in prison forever for stealing a bicycle, for low-
level property crimes, rather than making them give those resources back to the people who they
victimized. I believe we need to do more to help people who are victimized by crime, not do less.
And I think our current punishment philosophy does nothing for no one. And I think that's the
orientation that we have to change.
同時我們有三擊出局的規定，能把一些人永久監禁起來。只是因為偷了輛自行車，或者一點點財物。我們並不
給他們機會對受害人作出補償。我相信我們需要給犯罪的人更多幫助，而不是剝奪他們僅有的。我想現今的刑
法哲學，對誰也沒有利，我認為這個大方向應該改變。
CA: Bryan, you've struck a massive chord here. You're an inspiring person. Thank you so much for
coming to TED. Thank you.
克里斯：布萊恩，你今天震了大家一把。你真是很個能鼓舞人心的傢伙，非常感謝你來 TED。謝謝。
閱讀更多 TeaAndy 的文章
