出品 | 遠讀重洋
3月16日，美國總統特朗普在推特上表示，要對航空及其他受“中國病毒”影響的行業，給予大力支持。
此言一出，立刻引起了全世界的爭議。不光是中國人為此感到憤怒，很多美國網友也回懟特朗普，直指其涉嫌種族主義言論，甚至還有人說他才是“特朗普病毒”。
對於特朗普的這一言論，世衛組織在18日的新冠肺炎疫情發佈會上，也給出了回應。
世衛組織衛生緊急項目負責人邁克爾·瑞安表示，病毒沒有國界，2009年H1N1流感大流行始於北美，並沒把它稱作北美流感，所以遇到其他病毒時，也採取同樣的命名方式。
邁克爾·瑞安呼籲，現在是需要事實並團結合作抗擊病毒的時刻，而不是責怪誰，應避免把病毒同個人及種族聯繫在一起。
另外，世衛組織總幹事譚德塞也在發佈會發表演講，表示要開展一項叫“團結試驗項目”的大型國際研究來對付已經蔓延到全球的疫情。
以下便是譚德塞的中英文演講：
Good afternoon：
下午好：
It’s now more than a month since the last case of Ebola in DRC.
剛果民主共和國最後一例埃博拉病例已經過去一個多月了。
If it stays that way, the outbreak will be declared over in less than a month’s time.
如果這樣保持下去，將在不到一個月的時間內宣佈疫情結束。
We’d like to thank all our partners for their solidarity in staying the course in the service of the people of DRC.
我們要感謝所有的合作伙伴，感謝他們團結一心堅持到底，為剛果人民服務。
and my special appreciation to the government and people of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
我還要特別感謝剛果民主共和國政府和人民。
That same spirit of solidarity must be at the centre of our efforts to defeat COVID-19.
我們必須發揚同樣的團結精神，戰勝COVID-19。
More than 200,000 cases of COVID-19 have been reported to WHO, and more than 8000 people have lost their lives.
世衛組織收到20多萬例COVID-19病例報告，有8000多人喪生。
More than 80% of all cases are from two regions-the Western Pacific and Europe.
超過80%的病例來自西太平洋和歐洲這兩個區域。
We know that many countries now face escalating epidemics and are feeling overwhelmed.
我們知道，許多國家現在面臨日益嚴重的疫情，感到力不從心。
We hear you. We know the tremendous difficulties you face and the enormous burden you’re under.
我們聽到了你們的呼聲，知道你們面臨巨大困難，承受著巨大負擔。
We understand the heart-wrenching choices you are having to make.
我們理解你們不得不做出的艱難抉擇。
We understand that different countries and communities are in different situations, with different levels of transmission.
我們知道，不同的國家和社區處於不同的情況，傳播程度不同。
Every day, WHO is talking to ministers of health, heads of state, health workers, hospital managers, industry leaders, CEOs and more to help them prepare and prioritize, according to their specific situation.
世衛組織每天都在與各國衛生部長、國家元首、醫務工作者、醫院管理人員、行業領袖、首席執行官等交談，幫助他們根據具體情況做好準備和確定重點。
Don’t assume your community won’t be affected. Prepare as if it will be.
不要以為你們的社區不會受到影響。要像會受到影響那樣做好準備。
Don’t assume you won’t be infected. Prepare as if you will be.
不要以為你們不會被感染。要像你們會被感染那樣做好準備。
But there is hope. There are many things all countries can do.
仍有希望。所有國家都有很多事情可以做。
Physical distancing measures - like cancelling sporting events, concerts and other large gatherings - can help to slow transmission of the virus.
社交隔離措施，譬如取消體育賽事、音樂會和其他大型集會，有助於減緩病毒的傳播。
They can reduce the burden on the health system.
它們可以減輕衛生系統的負擔。
And they can help to make epidemics manageable, allowing targeted and focused measures.
它們有助於管控疫情，採取有的放矢和突出重點的措施。
But to suppress and control epidemics, countries must isolate, test, treat and trace.
但是，為了抑制和控制流行病，各國必須隔離、檢測、治療和追蹤。
If they don’t, transmission chains can continue at a low level, then resurge once physical distancing measures are lifted.
如果不這樣做，傳播鏈仍會存在，病毒傳播可能會維持在一個低水平，而一旦解除社交距離措施，便會迅速蔓延。
WHO continues to recommend that isolating, testing and treating every suspected case, and tracing every contact, must be the backbone of the response in every country.
世衛組織仍然建議，隔離、檢測和處理每個疑似病例並追蹤每一個接觸者，這必須成為每個國家應對措施的支柱。
This is the best hope of preventing widespread community transmission.
這是防止廣泛社區傳播的最好辦法。
Most countries with sporadic cases or clusters of cases are still in the position to do this.
存在零星病例或聚集病例群的大多數國家都可以這樣做。
Many countries are listening to our call and finding solutions to increase their ability to implement the full package of measures that have turned the tide in several countries.
許多國家聽取了我們的意見，正設法提高本國執行全套措施的能力。一些國家採取這些措施後，已扭轉了局勢。
But we know that some countries are experiencing intense epidemics with extensive community transmission.
但我們知道，一些國家正在經歷大規模社區傳播的嚴重疫情。
We understand the effort required to suppress transmission in these situations. But it can be done.
我們理解在這類情況下抑制傳播所需要付出的努力。但這是可以做到的。
A month ago, the Republic of Korea was faced with accelerating community transmission. But it didn’t surrender.
一個月前，韓國面臨社區傳播加速的問題，但它沒有投降。
It educated, empowered and engaged communities;
韓國政府教育社區，增強了社區能力，鼓勵社區參與；
It developed an innovative testing strategy and expanded lab capacity;
它制定了新穎檢測策略並擴大了實驗室的能力；
It rationed the use of masks;
它實行了口罩配給規定；
It did exhaustive contact tracing and testing in selected areas;
它在特定地區進行了詳盡的接觸者追蹤和檢測工作；
And it isolated suspected cases in designated facilities rather than hospitals or at home.
它在指定的機構而不是醫院或家中隔離疑似病例。
As a result, cases have been declining for weeks. At the peak there were more than 800 cases, and today the report was only 90 cases.
結果，數週來病例一直在下降。在高峰時期，一天曾有800多例新增病例，而今天報告只有90例。
WHO is working in solidarity with other countries with community transmission to apply the lessons learned in Korea and elsewhere, and adapt them to the local context.
世衛組織正在與發生社區傳播的其他國家緊密配合，汲取韓國和其他國家的經驗教訓，因地制宜採取應對措施。
Likewise, WHO continues to recommend that, wherever possible, confirmed mild cases should be isolated in health facilities, where trained professionals can provide good medical care, and prevent clinical progression and onward transmission.
世衛組織繼續建議，在可能的情況下，在醫療設施中隔離確診的輕症病例，由訓練有素的醫務人員為其提供良好的醫療服務，以防臨床惡化和出現繼發性傳播。
If that’s not possible, countries can use community facilities to isolate and care for mild cases and refer them for specialized care quickly if needed.
如果無法做到這一點，國家可以使用社區設施隔離和醫護輕症病例，並在必要時迅速將他們轉介到專門醫療設施。
If health facilities are at risk of being overwhelmed, people with mild disease can be cared for at home.
如果醫療設施面臨不堪重負的風險，可以在家照護輕症患者。
Although this is not the ideal situation, WHO has advice on our website for how home-care can be provided as safely as possible.
這並非理想狀況。世衛組織在其網站上提供瞭如何儘可能安全地提供家庭護理的建議。
WHO continues to call on all countries to implement a comprehensive approach, with the aim of slowing down transmission and flattening the curve.
世衛組織繼續呼籲所有國家採取全面辦法，減緩傳播速度並使曲線平緩下來。
This approach is saving lives and buying time for the development of vaccines and treatments.
全面採取措施可以拯救生命，併為開發疫苗和療法爭取時間。
As you know, the first vaccine trial has begun, just 60 days after the genetic sequence of the virus was shared by China. This is an incredible achievement.
如你們所知，在中國分享病毒基因序列60天后，第一次疫苗試驗已經開始。這是一項令人難以置信的成就。
We commend the researchers around the world who have come together to systemically evaluate experimental therapeutics.
我們讚揚世界各地的研究人員通力開展系統評估實驗療法工作。
Multiple small trials with different methodologies may not give us the clear, strong evidence we need about which treatments help to save lives.
但採用不同方法進行多項小規模試驗可能無法給我們提供所需的明確有力的證據，無法證明哪些治療方法有助於挽救生命。
WHO and its partners are therefore organizing a study in many countries in which some of these untested treatments are compared with each other.
因此，世衛組織及其合作伙伴正在許多國家中組織一項研究，對一些未經測試的治療方法進行相互比較。
This large, international study is designed to generate the robust data we need, to show which treatments are the most effective.
這項大型國際研究的目的是獲得我們需要的可靠數據，以顯示哪些治療方法最為有效。
We have called this study the SOLIDARITY trial.
我們把這項研究稱之為“團結試驗項目”。
The SOLIDARITY trial provides simplified procedures to enable even hospitals that have been overloaded to participate.
“團結試驗項目”採用簡化程序，即使超負荷的醫院也能參與。
Many countries have already confirmed that they will join the SOLIDARITY trial - Argentina, Bahrain, Canada, France, Iran, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland and Thailand - and I trust many more will join.
許多國家已經確認將加入這項試驗，其中包括阿根廷、巴林、加拿大、法國、伊朗、挪威、南非、西班牙、瑞士和泰國。我相信會有更多的國家加入進來。
I continue to be inspired by the many demonstrations of solidarity from all over the world.
來自世界各地的大力支持使我深受鼓舞。
The COVID-19 Solidarity Response Fund has now raised more than US$43 million from more than 173,000 individuals and organizations, a few days since we launched it. I’d especially like to thank FIFA for its contribution of US$10 million.
COVID-19團結應對基金在啟動數日後，現已從17.3萬多名個人和組織籌集到了4300多萬美元。我特別要感謝國際足聯捐贈了1000萬美元。
These and other efforts give me hope that together, we can and will prevail.
各方的努力給我們帶來了希望。只要我們團結一致，就能夠而且一定會取得勝利。
This virus is presenting us with an unprecedented threat.
這種病毒給我們帶來了前所未有的威脅。
But it’s also an unprecedented opportunity to come together as one against a common enemy - an enemy against humanity.
但這也是一次前所未有的機會，我們萬眾一心，通力對付這個共同的敵人，這個危害人類的大敵。
I thank you.
謝謝大家。
與全世界最聰明的大腦保持同步
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