中國古代銅鏡發展的歷史有四千多年，先後經歷了五個時期：早期（以齊家文化、商周銅鏡為代表），流行期（以春秋戰國銅鏡為代表），鼎盛期（以漢代銅鏡為代表），中衰期（以三國、晉、魏、南北朝銅鏡為代表），繁榮期（以隋唐銅鏡為代表），衰落期（以五代、十國、宋、金、元銅鏡為代表）。唐代是我國銅鏡發展史上最最輝煌的時期，是一個創新的時代。它擺脫了漢式鏡的拘謹板滯，側重於自由寫實，其圖紋從漢代銅鏡的繁雜、拘謹、呆板，變得簡練、流暢和清新，製作工藝也極為精細。既有藝術的魅力，又有與現實生活的和諧統一。飛禽走獸、植物花卉紋飾是這個時期銅鏡裝飾的主要題材。海獸葡萄鏡是唐代銅鏡最引人注目的鏡類，它的紋飾圖案充滿了神秘色彩，被許多專家學者稱之為“多謎之鏡” 。
The development of ancient Chinese bronze mirrors has a history of more than 4000 years. It has experienced five periods: the early period (represented by Qijia culture, bronze mirrors of Shang and Zhou dynasties), the popular period (represented by bronze mirrors of spring and Autumn period and Warring States period), the heyday period (represented by bronze mirrors of Han Dynasty), the middle decline period (represented by bronze mirrors of Three Kingdoms, Jin, Wei and southern and Northern Dynasties), the prosperity period (represented by bronze mirrors of Sui and Tang Dynasties), and the decline period (represented by bronze mirrors of Sui and Tang Dynasties) Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms, Song Dynasty, Jin Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty. Tang Dynasty is the most brilliant period in the history of bronze mirror development in China, and it is an innovative era. It gets rid of the rigidity of the Han mirror and focuses on free realism. The pattern of the bronze mirror in the Han Dynasty is simple, smooth and fresh, and the production process is extremely fine. It has not only the charm of art, but also the harmony with real life. Birds, animals, plants and flowers are the main themes of bronze mirror decoration in this period. Sea animal grape mirror is the most eye-catching mirror of Tang Dynasty bronze mirror. Its pattern is full of mystery, which is called "the mirror of many riddles" by many experts and scholars.
海獸葡萄鏡在宋代《宣和博古圖》中又稱海馬葡萄鏡，《嚴窟藏鏡》中又叫禽獸葡葡鏡，還有人把它叫瑞獸葡萄鏡，名稱繁多，不一而足。更多的人還是稱其海獸葡萄鏡，這些稱呼的共性是“葡萄”都在後面。典型的海獸葡萄鏡的形制以高突稜為界分內外兩區。內區為主紋飾區，以高浮雕工藝塑制大伏獸鈕，配置數目不等的海獸(狻猊)，圍獸鈕而佈局，或匍匐，或臥下，或跳躍，或嬉戲，地張均飾葡萄藤蔓紋。外區多為禽鳥、瑞獸穿繞葡萄藤蔓花枝圖案。隨著銅鏡出土資料的日益豐富，各種紋飾類型的海獸葡萄鏡陸續被發現，異彩紛呈，大大豐富了唐代海獸葡萄鏡的文化內涵。
The sea animal grape mirror is also called seahorse grape mirror in Xuanhe Bogu of Song Dynasty, and the animal grape mirror in yanku Tibetan mirror. Some people call it auspicious animal grape mirror, with various names. More people still call it the sea animal grape mirror. The common character of these appellations is that "grape" is behind. The shape of a typical marine animal's grape mirror is divided into two areas: the inner and outer. The inner area is the main decoration area. The large Fu animal buttons are molded by high relief technology. The sea animals (lion dragon) with different numbers are arranged around the animal buttons, either creeping, lying down, jumping, or playing. The ground sheets are decorated with vine patterns. The outer area is mostly designed with birds and auspicious animals wearing vines and flowers. With the increasingly rich unearthed materials of bronze mirrors, various patterns of marine animal grape mirrors have been found one after another, which are colorful, greatly enriching the cultural connotation of the Tang Dynasty marine animal grape mirrors.
唐代是我國銅鏡發展史上，又一個新的歷史時期。隋唐銅鏡，較前代又有了新的發展。在銅質的合金中加大了錫的成份，在銅鏡的質地上就顯得銀亮，既美觀又適用。在銅鏡的造型上，除了繼續沿用前代的圓形、方形之外，又創造了菱花式及較厚的鳥獸葡萄紋鏡。並且把反映人民生活和人們對理想的追求、吉祥、快樂的畫面應用到鏡上，如月宮、仙人、山水等。並出現了題材新穎，紋飾華美，精工細緻的金銀平脫鏡、螺鈿鏡。這是盛唐高度藝術水平的產物，充分顯示出唐代銅鏡的特點。
Tang Dynasty is a new historical period in the development of bronze mirrors in China. The bronze mirror of Sui and Tang Dynasties has a new development. In the copper alloy, the tin component is increased, and the copper mirror is silvery, beautiful and applicable. In terms of the shape of the bronze mirror, in addition to continuing to use the previous generation of round and square, it also created the rhombic pattern and thicker bird and animal grape pattern mirror. Moreover, the pictures reflecting people's life and people's pursuit of ideals, auspiciousness and happiness are applied to the mirror, such as the Moon Palace, immortal, landscape, etc. In addition, there are gold and silver flat mirror and mother of Pearl mirror with novel themes, gorgeous patterns and exquisite workmanship. This is the product of high artistic level in the Tang Dynasty, which fully shows the characteristics of bronze mirrors in the Tang Dynasty.
隋唐銅鏡的發展，經歷了三個階段。隋代和唐初年間，銅鏡的主題紋飾以瑞獸為主，瑞獸鏡比較盛行、瑞獸鏡是隋唐發展過程中的重要類型。它除了繼承中國古代銅鏡的傳統，又有了新的創新。瑞獸葡萄鏡是唐鏡引人注目的鏡類，它揭開了唐代鏡主題紋飾的序幕。唐高宗至唐德宗時期，銅鏡裝飾上出現的新形式、新題材、新風格，使銅鏡進入富麗絢爛的時代。
The development of bronze mirrors in Sui and Tang Dynasties experienced three stages. In Sui Dynasty and early Tang Dynasty, the main theme of bronze mirror was auspicious beast, which was very popular. Auspicious beast mirror was an important type in the development of Sui and Tang Dynasty. It not only inherits the tradition of ancient Chinese bronze mirror, but also has new innovation. Auspicious animal grape mirror is a kind of eye-catching mirror in Tang Dynasty, which has opened the prologue of Tang Dynasty mirror theme decoration. During the period from Gaozong to Dezong, the new forms, themes and styles of bronze mirror decoration made the bronze mirror enter a colorful era.
唐德宗至晚唐、五代時期，主要流行對鳥鏡、瑞花鏡、盤龍鏡。唐代鏡最大特點之一是藝術樣式或藝術手法的多樣化。銅鏡藝術也呈現出濃郁“盛唐氣象”。
From Dezong of Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, bird mirror, Ruihua mirror and Panlong mirror were mainly popular. One of the biggest characteristics of Tang Dynasty mirror is the diversification of artistic style or technique. Bronze mirror art also presents a strong "prosperous Tang Dynasty atmosphere".
這類銅鏡在宋代的《博古圖錄》上稱“海馬葡萄鏡”。但在清代的《西清古鑑》上則稱之為“海獸葡萄鏡”。另外還有的稱為禽獸葡萄鏡、天馬葡萄鏡、瑞獸葡萄鏡等名。但“海馬”、“海獸”名稱的使用還是較為普遍。“海馬”、“海獸”的稱呼，最初的命名者未加解釋，究為何種動物，至今也沒有一致的說法。早年德國有位學者認為“海馬”是古代伊朗與祭祀有關的一種植物Haoma，後轉化變為“海馬”。還有人認為“海馬”是海外的馬。
This kind of bronze mirror is called "seahorse grape mirror" in the "Bogu atlas" of Song Dynasty. However, in the Qing Dynasty, the ancient mirror of the Western Qing Dynasty is called "the sea animal grape mirror". In addition, there are also known as animal grape mirror, Tianma grape mirror, auspicious animal grape mirror and other names. However, the names of "seahorse" and "sea animal" are still widely used. The original nomenclature of "seahorse" and "sea animal" has not been explained. There is no consistent statement about what kind of animal it is. In the early years, a German scholar thought that "seahorse" was a kind of sacrifice related plant haoma in Ancient Iran, which was later transformed into "seahorse". Others think that seahorse is a horse from overseas.
海獸葡萄鏡主要流行在唐高宗、武則天時期。其形制主要為圓形，少量呈方形、菱花形。鏡背紋飾系高浮雕，主題圖案以葡萄和海獸組成，主紋飾的佈局有兩種形式：一種是內區為數只海獸相互追逐嬉戲，海獸之間為蔓枝葡萄的葉子和果實，外區為飛禽葡萄蔓枝葉實；另外一種被大家成為“過樑式海獸葡萄鏡”，畫面雖被分為內外兩區，但是內區的葡萄枝蔓卻沿著中間的分割圈伸入外區，外區雖以葡萄蔓枝為主，但是還間以飛禽走獸和小型蜂蝶之類，有些邊緣亦有裝飾。海獸葡萄鏡的尺寸是幾釐米到三十多釐米之間皆有。從拍賣會成交記錄來看，高價銅鏡尺寸一般在十七釐米左右。
The sea animal grape mirror is mainly popular in the period of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu. Its shape is mainly round, a small number of square, water chestnut shape. The pattern on the back of the mirror is a high relief sculpture. The theme pattern is composed of grapes and sea animals. The layout of the main pattern has two forms: one is that several sea animals chase and play with each other in the inner area, among which are the leaves and fruits of vines, while the outer area is the fruits of birds, vines, and leaves; the other is called "bridge type sea animal grape mirror" by Dajia. Although the picture is divided into the inner and outer areas, the inner area is Portuguese Grape branches and vines extend into the outer area along the middle division circle. Although the outer area is dominated by grape branches, there are also birds and animals, small bees and butterflies, and some edges are decorated. The size of the sea animal grape mirror ranges from a few centimeters to more than 30 centimeters. According to the auction records, the size of high price bronze mirrors is generally about 17 cm.
唐代海獸葡萄鏡是中國銅鏡藝術皇冠上一顆璀璨耀眼的明珠，是中國4000多年銅鏡發展史上最具代表性的鏡種之一，是無數銅鏡收藏家、收藏愛好者追捧的對象，有著廣泛的社會影響。
The Tang dynasty sea animal grape mirror is a bright pearl on the crown of Chinese bronze mirror art. It is one of the most representative mirror species in the history of Chinese bronze mirror development for more than 4000 years. It is the object pursued by numerous bronze mirror collectors and collectors, and has a wide social impact.
海獸葡萄鏡是唐代的物品。海獸葡萄鏡是中國古代銅鏡製作的最後一個高峰，再以後的銅鏡沒有比這個再好的了。一般最小的有幾釐米的，最大的大概齊有三十多釐米的，不過十五釐米以上的，就算較少的，比較高檔的了。它做工非常精細，材料非常好，一般用高錫、青銅鑄造而成的，外表感覺也非常好，它的鏽色也非常好，鑄造也非常精。
The sea animal grape mirror is an article of Tang Dynasty. The grape mirror of sea animal is the last peak of ancient Chinese bronze mirror making. There is no better bronze mirror in the future. Generally, the smallest ones are a few centimeters, the largest ones are about thirty centimeters, but the ones over fifteen centimeters, even if they are less, are more high-end. It is made of very fine workmanship and very good materials. It is usually cast with high tin and bronze. Its appearance feels very good. Its rust color is also very good, and its casting is also very fine.
銅鏡是我國古代人日常生活中梳裝整容的實用品，已有四千多年的悠久歷史，各朝各代均有製作。到了水銀鏡問世以後，逐漸停止了製作。
Bronze mirror is a practical product of combing and cosmetic surgery in the daily life of ancient people in China. It has a long history of more than 4000 years and has been made in every dynasty and every generation. After the mercury mirror came out, it gradually stopped making.
專家推薦：此海獸葡萄鏡銅鏡圓形，厚重，以高浮雕葡萄紋為主題紋飾，間飾海獸、葡萄、鳥雀、蜂蝶、花草等圖案，華麗而繁縟。鑄造極為精緻，紋飾繁縟富麗，細緻生動，品相完美。鏡外緣為高直的窄線稜邊，伏獸鈕，弦紋高圈將鏡背紋飾分為內外兩區，瑞獸葡萄的造型是唐代中期極為流行的一種銅鏡紋飾，這種繁縟富麗、花團錦簇的裝飾風格充分體現了盛唐時期的富裕繁榮以及多民族文化的相互交融。此面銅鏡鑄造極為精緻，保存完好，器型規整。紋飾繁縟富麗，細緻生動，品相完美，尤為難能可貴的是，所有這些精美的圖案，都鉅細無遺的安放在區區方寸之間，極具收藏價值！
Experts recommend: the bronze mirror is round and thick, with high relief grape pattern as the theme, decorated with sea animals, grapes, birds, bees and butterflies, flowers and plants and other patterns, gorgeous and complicated. The casting is extremely exquisite, the pattern is colorful, meticulous and vivid, and the product appearance is perfect. The outer edge of the mirror is a high and straight narrow line edge, with animal buttons and high circle of string pattern. The pattern of the mirror back is divided into two areas: the inner and outer. The shape of auspicious animal grape is a very popular bronze mirror pattern in the middle of Tang Dynasty. This kind of decorative style with rich red tape and colorful flowers fully embodies the prosperity of Tang Dynasty and the mutual blend of multi-ethnic cultures. This bronze mirror is extremely exquisite, well preserved and regular in shape. The patterns are colorful, detailed and vivid, and the products are perfect. What's particularly valuable is that all these exquisite patterns are placed in the area, which is of great collection value!
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