馬口鎮位於漢川市區東南7．5公里，距武漢市45公里，是一個平原兼丘陵的古鎮。馬口鎮的得名與三國時期的關羽有關係。相傳關羽在征戰曹操的戰鬥中，宿營此地，將赤兔馬系在一根石柱上。後來人們便將此處定名“繫馬口”，時間一長，又將“系”字去掉，乾脆就叫“馬口”了。馬口鎮在改革開放前都是以製陶作為支柱產業，後來由於抵擋不住塑料用品的興起和景德鎮的精美瓷器，製陶業逐漸衰落。由於馬口毗鄰武漢，地理位置優越，這裡變成了紡織工業的大本營，先後有幾十家企業落戶於此，成為湖北著名的工業重鎮。馬口窯製品為湖北民間陶器，與麻城蔡家山和圻春管家窯的陶器並稱為湖北三大陶器。有著一千多年曆史
Makou town is located 7.5km southeast of Hanchuan City and 45km away from Wuhan city. It is an ancient town of plain and hills. The name of Makou town is related to Guan Yu in the Three Kingdoms period. It is said that in the battle of Cao Cao, Guan Yu camped here and tied the red rabbit horse to a stone pillar. Later, people named this place "ximakou". After a long time, they removed the word "xiejou" and called it "Makou". Before the reform and opening up, Makou town took ceramics as its pillar industry. Later, because of the rise of plastic products and Jingdezhen's fine porcelain, the ceramics industry declined gradually. As Makou is adjacent to Wuhan and has a superior geographical location, it has become the base of textile industry. Dozens of enterprises have settled here and become a famous industrial town in Hubei Province. The products of Makou kiln are the folk pottery of Hubei Province, and the pottery of caijiashan and Qichun Chamberlain kilns in Macheng are also called the three major pottery of Hubei Province. With a history of more than 1000 years
馬口窯的古遺址位於湖北省孝感市屬漢川市馬口鎮，與武漢市蔡甸區接壤，北依漢水，南臨白石湖。風清水秀、人傑地靈，是一個自古繁華的水鄉古鎮。古時候稱之為“繫馬口”，隨著紡織業的發展如今更是有“湖北紡織第一鎮”的美譽。
The ancient site of Makou kiln is located in Makou Town, Hanchuan City, Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, bordering Caidian District, Wuhan City, with Hanshui in the north and Baishi Lake in the south. Wind and clear water, outstanding people, is a bustling ancient town of water. In ancient times, it was called "ximakou". With the development of textile industry, it is now known as "the first textile town in Hubei Province".
據考證，馬口的陶瓷業始於北宋年間。馬口是個漢江邊小鎮，新石器期時代就有人類在此繁衍生息。馬口最早叫“洗馬口”，傳說此地宛如一匹駿馬躺在河邊，而嶺上有一清泉常年不息從馬口中流出，當地人稱之為“洗馬口” 。又傳三國時關羽從荊州途經洗馬口，牽馬到河中飲水後，將馬系在一塊大石上，洗馬口從此改成了“繫馬口”。馬口關聖村還留存著關帝廟。馬口原有一條老街，地面用青石鋪成，從正街一直延伸到橫街和背街，總長約3公里。走在青石板路上，夏天不燙腳，雨天不溼鞋。街上車水馬龍，商賈雲集。馬口有兩個碼頭，一個上碼頭，一個下碼頭，裡三層，外三層，不是車就是船，桅杆林立，基本上全是裝窯貨的貨船，帆影無邊，蔚為壯觀。漢川當地有兩句歇後語：馬口的院牆——爛壇（湖北方言“亂”和普通話“爛”字發音一樣，因此“爛壇”諧音的意思是“亂彈”或“亂談”）。 這句話的本意，就是指馬口民居的院牆是用廢棄的罈罈罐罐砌起來的，馬口的院牆用爛壇堆砌，說起來和馬口的陶瓷業興旺息息相關；舊時此地鄉民用蘆葦生火燒窯，成天是天地散霧，老人便開玩笑說繫馬口發了火是窯煙——“謠言”，由此來描繪馬口當時的繁榮。清代邑人曾寫詩句“渺渺群山一水國，孤舟盡目泛清輝”讚美馬口。馬口街道上店鋪鱗次櫛比，有鋪局200多家，有許多專門經營馬口窯的陶器坊，都是有名的老字號。抗戰初期馬口成為抗戰後方，許多外地商人蜂擁而至，使此地商業更加興旺。他們將馬口陶器通過漢江入長江，遠銷至日本，韓國、東南亞和美國。最興旺時漢川全縣幾萬人，從事馬口陶器業的就有幾千人。到了民國時，馬口窯新集周圍的龍窯最多時達到36窯。
According to research, the ceramic industry of Makou began in the Northern Song Dynasty. Makou is a small town beside the Han River. In the Neolithic period, human beings lived here. It is said that this place is like a horse lying on the river, and there is a clear spring running out of the mouth of the horse all the year round, which is called "ximakou" by the local people. It is also said that in the Three Kingdoms period, Guan Yu passed through ximakou from Jingzhou, led his horse to the river for drinking water, tied his horse to a big stone, and ximakou was changed into "ximakou". The temple of Guandi still exists in Guansheng village of Makou. The original old street in Makou is paved with bluestone, extending from the main street to the cross street and back street, with a total length of about 3 km. Walking on the bluestone Road, don't burn your feet in summer, and don't wet your shoes in rainy days. The streets are crowded with merchants. There are two wharves in Makou, one is the upper wharf, the other is the lower wharf. There are three floors inside and three floors outside. They are either cars or boats. There are many masts. Basically, they are all cargo ships loaded with kiln cargoes. The sail shadow is boundless and spectacular. There are two local allegorical sayings in Hanchuan: rangtan, the courtyard wall of Makou (the pronunciation of "Luan" in Hubei dialect is the same as that of "rangtan" in Mandarin, so the homophony of "rangtan" means "Luan Tan" or "Luan Tan"). The original meaning of this sentence is that the courtyard wall of Makou folk house is built with abandoned jars, jars and jars, and the courtyard wall of Makou is piled with rotten jars, which is closely related to the prosperity of the ceramic industry in Makou. In the old days, the villagers used reed to light a fire and burn a kiln, and the fog was scattered all the time. The old man joked that the fire in Makou was the smoke of the kiln - "rumor", thus describing the prosperity of Makou at that time 。 In the Qing Dynasty, people in the city wrote a poem to praise the horse's mouth: "the mountains and waters are remote, the boat is clear and the eyes are clear.". There are more than 200 shops in the streets of Makou. There are many ceramic workshops specializing in Makou kiln, all of which are famous time-honored brands. In the early days of the Anti Japanese War, Makou became the rear of the war, and many businessmen from other places swarmed in, making the business here more prosperous. They put the Makou pottery into the Yangtze River through the Han River and exported it to Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and the United States. At its most prosperous time, there were tens of thousands of people in Hanchuan county and thousands of people engaged in Makou pottery industry. By the time of the Republic of China, the number of Longyao around the new market of Makou kiln reached 36 at most.
馬口陶瓷採用當地特有的紅黏土，土質細膩密實，紅黏土的土層很薄，地底下一米處便可挖取，資源十分豐富。有了這種紅黏土，馬口窯有了雄厚的物質基礎。馬口窯燒出的陶器敲擊鏗鏘有聲，耐腐蝕，防滲漏，儲存醃菜不腐爛不變味。馬口陶器一般是壇、壺、缽、罐、缸、盆、烘爐等民間器皿，屬民間陶瓷。馬口老陶藝人擅長信手揮刀，在壇面上飛快刮刻出花卉人物，刀法老練、簡潔大氣、虛實相生，意到刀不到。代表作有《八仙壇》、《十八學士壇》、《空雕雙層龍壇》、《三國演義》、《水滸傳》、《西遊記》、《紅樓夢》、《天仙配》等幾乎涵蓋了所有歷史文學題材。漢川東南一帶的丘陵崗地的“描金刻花陶”據說源於北宋，多為缸、壇、罐、缽等民用器皿，皆造型古雅大方、釉色古樸厚重、刻花裝飾講究，主要部分以劃花剔地的陽紋為主，次要部分以刮花陰紋作陪襯，主次分明。燒後呈桔紅、紫褐、醬紅、紫紅、古銅等色，莊重耐看。馬口窯以小器型居多，其中烘爐為湖北人冬季取暖常用的手提爐，多為老年人使用，地方話稱之為“火壇”。製陶藝人們喜在提把的兩端加飾一對青蛙類的小動物，既增加了提把的承重力，又顯得生動有趣。還有古香古色的燭臺、小巧實用的暖爐、雕花刻字的酒罈、造型樸拙的陶枕。漢川馬口窯以生產各類罈子著稱，故又稱“罈子窯”。湖北舊俗稱“女兒”為“罈子”，女兒出嫁前男家要送一罈酒、女方陪嫁的食品也往往以各類罈子裝盛，“罈子” 因此成了女兒的代稱。“京壇”為當地婚禮的必備器物，其型矮而圓，周身刻以壽字，上下裝飾以回紋和蓮花紋，美觀而別緻。
Makou ceramics adopts the local unique red clay, the soil is fine and dense, and the soil layer of red clay is very thin, which can be excavated one meter under the ground, with rich resources. With this kind of red clay, Makou kiln has a solid material foundation. The pottery made in Makou kiln is clang and sonorous, corrosion-resistant and leakproof, and the preserved pickles are not rotten and taste unchanged. Generally speaking, Makou pottery is a kind of folk ware, such as altar, pot, pot, jar, basin, oven, etc. The old pottery artists in Makou are good at wielding knives. They carve flower figures on the altar quickly. They are skillful, simple and generous, and live in reality. They don't know how to use knives. His masterpieces include the eight immortals altar, the eighteenth bachelor's altar, the double-layer dragon altar, the romance of the Three Kingdoms, the water margin, the journey to the west, a dream of Red Mansions, and the match of immortals. It is said that the "gold painted and engraved pottery" in the hills and hills in the southeast of Hanchuan originated from the Northern Song Dynasty. Most of them were used for tanks, altars, pots, bowls and other civil utensils, all of which were elegant and elegant in shape, simple and thick in glaze color, and exquisite in carving decoration. The main part was the Yang pattern of carved flowers, while the secondary part was the Yin pattern of scratched flowers, with distinct primary and secondary. It is orange, purple brown, sauce red, purple red, bronze and other colors after burning, solemn and durable. Most of the Makou kilns are small ones. Among them, the oven is a portable stove commonly used by Hubei people for heating in winter, and most of them are used by the elderly. In local words, it is called "fire altar". People like to decorate a pair of frogs at both ends of the handle, which not only increases the load-bearing capacity of the handle, but also makes it lively and interesting. There are ancient Candlestick, small and practical stove, carved wine jar, simple and unsophisticated ceramic pillow. Makou kiln in Hanchuan is famous for producing all kinds of jars, so it is also called "jar kiln". Hubei used to be known as "daughter" as "jar". Before the marriage of a daughter, the man would send a jar of wine and the food accompanied by the woman would also be filled in various jars. Therefore, "jar" became the name of the daughter. "Beijing altar" is a necessary artifact for local weddings. It is short and round in shape, with longevity characters engraved on the whole body, and with palisades and lotus patterns decorated on the top and bottom. It is beautiful and unique.
馬口窯花卉酒罈至今已有1000多年曆史，鼎盛時期，有龍窯125條，被譽為“湖北陶都”，國內外不少學者甚至將馬口窯稱為“中國民窯之首”，漢川馬口窯為高溫陶，主要生產日用器皿，上世紀80年代，馬口窯徹底停產，逐漸淡出人們視野。，馬口窯陶器其歷史性、藝術性、觀賞性較知名的汝窯、定窯遜色一些，沒有青花、粉彩的細膩文雅，此罐造型壯碩雄偉，圓口，短頸，豐肩，溜腹，其造型飽滿，圖案自由流暢，保存完整，以前，馬口窯並不被人們重視，但隨著窯口的停產，其收藏也逐漸升溫。精品馬口窯的升值空間較大，收藏價值較高。
The flower wine world of Makou kiln has a history of more than 1000 years. In its heyday, there are 125 dragon kilns, known as the "pottery capital of Hubei". Many scholars at home and abroad even call Makou kiln "the head of Chinese folk kilns". The Makou kiln of Hanchuan is a high-temperature pottery, which mainly produces daily utensils. In the 1980s, Makou kiln completely stopped production and gradually faded out of people's vision. The pottery of Makou kiln is less beautiful than that of Ru kiln and Ding kiln, which are well-known for their historical, artistic and ornamental features. There is no delicate and elegant blue and white porcelain or pastel. The shape of this pot is magnificent, round mouth, short neck, abundant shoulder and belly. Its shape is full, the pattern is free and fluent, and the preservation is complete. Before that, Makou kiln was not valued by people, but with the production of the kiln, its collection is gradually warming up. The appreciation space of fine Makou kiln is large and its collection value is high.
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