堪薩斯大學建築系學生設計的波紋金屬經濟適用房
Kansas architecture students wrap affordable home in corrugated metal
堪薩斯大學建築系學生設計並建造了一所兩居室公寓，他們打算將這些低成本的公寓提供給低收入的人群。
Students at Kansas State University have designed and constructed a two-unit apartment building that is intended to be occupied by low-income tenants.
這座建築位於堪薩斯城（密蘇里州西部的城市）的一個歷史街區，密蘇里州的建築類型主要為獨棟平房和農舍，在這樣一個租金逐漸上漲的地區，類似的建築並不多見，因此該設計極具價值。
這座建築由一對公寓組成，它由堪薩斯州立大學建築專業五年級的學生設計並建造，這些學生與Design+Make建築事務所合作，該建築事務所由學校和當地El Dorado公司聯合創建。
The Waldo Duplex is located in a diverse and historic district in Kansas City, Missouri that is dominated by single-family bungalows and shotgun homes. Architectural experimentation is "rare but celebrated" in the area, which has been experiencing rising rents.
The dwelling, which contains a pair of apartments, was designed and built by a group of fifth-year students in the architecture program at Kansas State University. The students are part of Design+Make Studio, a collaboration between the university and the local firm El Dorado.
設計團隊說：“現在，房地產開發商已經將這種公寓進行商業化推廣，他們建造出平等的社區環境，該公寓具備複式住宅的固有優點，它通過實用的創造性和材料的約束性，重新定義了這類建築的類型。”
"Today, developers have commodified the duplex, creating suburban neighbourhoods with no distinctive identity whatsoever," the team said. "The Waldo Duplex looks to the inherent benefits of duplex construction, but works to redefine the building typology through a wholehearted embrace of pragmatic constructive and material constraints."
這套住宅的居住者將是兩個低收入的家庭，他們的收入低於城市平均收入的80%。
該團隊說：“這種類型的建築可以滿足城市低收入人群與無經濟適用住房的社區的住房需求，這對於他們來說是一個大福利。”
The duplex is intended to be occupied by two low-income families that earn less than 80 per cent of the city's average income.
"This building type was conceived as a more compassionate way to meet housing needs in lower-income municipalities and neighbourhoods without the density that is typical in affordable housing," the team said.
這座建築與周圍的環境很融洽地結合在一起，在平緩的草地上，線性排列的住宅建於混凝土地基上，其外牆由波紋金屬板包裹而成，還具有獨具特色的雙坡屋頂。
The building is designed to embrace the surrounding context. Built on a gently sloping site, the rectilinear dwelling sits atop a concrete base. Exterior walls, along with the pitched roof, are clad in corrugated metal.
臨街的門廊微微抬高，由懸臂樑和木條製成，一座室外臺階引導居住者從室外進入門廊。落地玻璃大窗為屋內提供了良好採光，也增進了鄰里之間的溝通與交流。
每個公寓有兩間臥室和一個開放的區域，用於做飯、就餐和起居，總計725平方英尺（約67平方米）。屋內通過自然光和照明燈具共同採光。
On the street-facing elevation, stairs lead up to front porches, which are enclosed within wooden slats and slightly cantilever over the site. Walls of glass bring in natural light and provide a strong connection to the neighbourhood.
Each unit totals 725 square feet (67 square metres). The apartments have two bedrooms and an open-plan area zone for cooking, dining, and living. The rooms are illuminated through a careful balance of natural and artificial light.
通過“借光”這一概念，屋內的各個空間彼此滲透，廚房、衛浴空間、臥室入口甚至臥室上面的天窗都成為了相鄰空間的“光源”。
"Through the concept of 'borrowed light,' the spaces are in a constant dialogue with each other," the team said. "The kitchen, bathroom vanity nook, bedroom entry and even the clerestory above the bedrooms act as the luminaire for the adjacent spaces."
儘管這個項目預算有限，為290000美元（215000英鎊），但是設計團隊仍然高質量地完成內部的定製櫥櫃和細部裝飾，該項目的建造價格為每平方英尺200美元（148英鎊），比同類項目要低很多。
“人們對經濟適用房的觀念是價格與質量之間的平等性。我們在施工過程中進行了嚴格的要求，並且堅定不移地相信，在經濟適用房項目中仍然能夠完成卓越的設計構思。”
Despite a limited budget of $290,000 (￡215,000), the team was able to incorporate high-quality finishes and custom cabinetry. The project was built for $200 (￡148) per square foot, which is less than comparable projects.
"Typical affordable housing only advances perceptions of inequality rather than fight them," the team said. "The project is the result of a rigorous investigation of the construction process, and an unwavering belief that design excellence is possible within affordable housing."
其他美國學生設計的建築項目還有耶魯團隊為流浪者建造的預製住宅，以及804建築事務所用廢棄材料設計建造的堪薩斯之家。
攝影：Mike Sinclair
Other design-build projects by American students include a prefabricated dwelling for homeless residents by a group at Yale University and a Kansas home by Studio 804 that was built using salvaged materials.
Photography is by Mike Sinclair.
項目信息：
設計與建造：Design+Make建築事務所（El Dorado 有限公司和堪薩斯州立大學）
開發商：Botwin Commercial Development
設計諮詢和承包商聯絡：Studio Build
總承包商： Foster's
結構設計：Apex Engineers
照明設計：Derek Porter Studio
景觀顧問和分包商：Vinland Valley Nursery
Project credits:
Design and construction: Design+Make Studio (El Dorado Inc and Kansas State University)
Developer: Botwin Commercial Development
Design consulting and contractor liaison: Studio Build
General contractor: Foster's
Structural engineering: Apex Engineers
Lighting consultant: Derek Porter Studio
Landscape consultant and subcontractor: Vinland Valley Nursery
由專築網王帥，李韌編譯
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