四月第一周“清明节”词汇(Qing Ming Festival Words)

每逢“清明”备哀思。

唐朝诗人白居易《寒食野望吟》诗云:"乌啼鹊噪昏乔木,清明寒食谁家哭?风吹旷野纸钱飞,古墓累累春草绿。棠梨花映白杨树,尽是生死离别处。冥漠重泉哭不闻,萧萧暮雨人归去。"

到了现代,有了各式各样的寄托哀思的方法,而不仅仅局限于传统的扫墓与踏青。

【Brief of Qing Ming Festival 】

Celebrated two weeks after the vernal equinox, Tomb Sweeping Day is one of the few traditional Chinese holidays.

Its Chinese name "Qing Ming" literally means "Clear Brightness," hinting at its importance as a celebration of Spring. Similar to the spring festivals of other cultures, Tomb Sweeping Day celebrates the rebirth of nature, while marking the beginning of the planting season and other outdoor activities.

生态友好型安葬

Non-traditional burial practices may become even more popular following a Ministry of Civil Affairs guideline released on December 2012 that encourages local governments to roll out policies to subsidize eco-friendly burials.

去年12月民政部发布指导意见要求各地政府出台生态友好型安葬补贴政策之后,非传统安葬方式可能会更加普及。

生态友好型安葬(eco-friendly burials),简称eco-burials(生态葬),指人的遗体火化(cremation)后,通过“草坪葬(grassland burial)”、“海葬(sea burial)”、“树葬(tree burial)”等不占地或少占地的方式处理骨灰(cremains),具有环保、节能和成本低等特点。

“树葬”

Ahead of Tomb Sweeping Day, an occasion for worshipping ancestors that fell on Saturday this year, the cemetery promoted free non-traditional "tree funerals". The ashes of a cremated loved one are placed under a tree in a biodegradable urn.

在清明节到来之际,一种与传统墓葬形式不同的“树葬”在一些地方出现。亲人火化后骨灰装入一个可生物降解的骨灰盒内,安葬在一棵下。

网上葬礼

Online funerals or burials would not retain the ashes, but set up an online cemetery and memorialize the deceased by posting an obituary and funeral messages.

网上葬礼不会保留骨灰,而是建立一个网上墓地,通过发布讣闻和悼念信息来纪念死者。

在上面的报道中,online funeral即“网上葬礼”。现代人的生活节奏越来越快,再加上资源稀缺,连葬礼都推出了一切从简的网上版本。

合葬墓穴

A separate tomb should cover no more than 0.5 square meter, and a multi-burial grave is designated less than 0.8 square meter.

城市公益性公墓独立墓穴的单位占地面积不得超过0.5㎡,合葬墓穴的单位占地面积不得超过0.8㎡。

此外,居民居住区500米以内严禁建设城市公益性公墓(social welfare cemeteries)。

生前契约

Cemeteries in Shanghai are running trials on pre-plan funeral arrangement contracts.

上海一些墓园试行推出“生前契约”。

The service allows people to decide their own funeral arrangements. They sign contracts with funeral service providers and tailor the service content to suit themselves.

“生前契约”服务可以让人们决定自己的葬礼安排。他们跟殡葬服务机构签约,定制适合自己的葬礼服务。

代人祭扫

With China's Qingming Festival approaching, some stores on the country's biggest online market Taobao have begun offering to send "professionals" to weep at graves on tomb-sweeping day, the Beijing Times reported on Monday.

据《京华时报》周一报道,随着清明节的临近,中国最大的网络商城淘宝上的一些商户开始推出清明节代人祭扫服务。

数码祭品

As iPhones and iPads are getting more popular in China, some people are choosing paper-made Apple goods as offerings to their deceased relatives, the Beijing Morning Post reported Tuesday.

据《北京晨报》周二报道,随着iPhone、iPad在中国越来越走俏,人们开始选择纸质的苹果产品祭奠过世的亲人。

文中的paper-made Apple goods指的就是“paper iPhone(纸iPhone)”,今年的 Qingming Festival/Tomb-Sweeping Day(清明节)将近,许多淘宝商铺开始出售包括iPhone4、iPad2在内的paper digital devices(纸质数码产品)。

除了出售纸质产品本身之外,还有配套齐全的各种仿真chargers(充电器)、earphones(耳机)、 data lines(数据线)等,售价从几十元到几百元不等。有消费者表示,买这类电子产品的sacrificial offerings(祭品)是为了“让他们也能感受到社会的进步”。

四月第一周“清明节”词汇(Qing Ming Festival Words)

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