狀語從句則用來表示時間、地點、原因、條件、目的、結果 等方面的關係。單項填空題型中，該部分是必考內容。並列連詞在這個題型中重點考查and，but，or，so等;狀語從句的考查主要集中在條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句和結果狀語從句等中。解決並列句和狀語從句的關鍵是找出句子之間或從句與主句之間的邏輯關係。
熱點題型一 時間狀語從句
例1、We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it.
A．while B．after
C．before D．as
答案：C
【提分秘籍】
1．when，while和as引導的時間狀語從句
when
從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發生，也可以先後發生。從句謂語動詞為延續性動詞或非延續性動詞。
作並列連詞，意為“那時，這時”，常用於be about to do...when...；be doing...when...；had just done...when...;be on the point of doing...when...等結構中。
while
從句的動作與主句的動作同時發生，強調一段時間，從句的謂語動詞為延續性動詞。
表示“儘管”，引導讓步狀語從句。
while作並列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對比。
as
從句的動作與主句的動作同時發生或交替進行，可譯為“一邊……；一邊……；隨著……”，從句謂語一般為延續性動詞。
When we handed him the bag of food，he lit up and thanked us with watery eyes.
當我們遞給他那包食物時，他對我們表示感謝，臉上露出喜色，眼睛也溼潤了。
My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor when/while I was packing them up.
我的唯一過錯是當我打包時掉在了地上一些。
One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
一個週五，我們正在打包動身去過週末，就在這時我女兒聽到了呼救聲。
2．表示“一……就……”含義的詞(短語)引導的時間狀語從句
(1)as soon as；immediately；directly；instantly；the
moment/minute/instant；no sooner...than...；hardly...when...
(2)hardly...when...；no sooner...than...中主句用過去完成時,從句應用一般過去時；當hardly和no sooner 位於句首時，主 句要部分倒裝。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. x!kw
我剛到辦公室，我妻子就打電話讓我立刻回家。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他剛完成演講學生們就歡呼起來。
The moment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.
我一聽到那個聲音就知道父親來了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一見到他媽媽便放聲大哭。
3．引導時間狀語從句的其他常見連詞
(1)until與till引導的時間狀語從句
until/till意為“直到……時”，引導時間狀語從句時，表示主句的動作發生在從句的動作之前。當主句的謂語動詞是 延 續性動詞時，主句常用肯定形式；當主句的謂語動詞是非 延 續性動詞時，主句常用否定形式，意為“直到……才”。
(2)every/each time，next time，the first time，whenever等引導的時間狀語從句。
(3)by the time引導時間狀語從句時，從句用一般現在時,主句用將來完成時；從句用一般過去時，主句用過去完成時。
Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.
每當我們遇到困難，他們就來幫忙。
By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.
當你回來的時候，我們將已經完成這項工作了。
【舉一反三】
I believe you will have a wonderful time here ________ you get to know everyone else.
A．though B．as if
C．once D．so that
答案：C
熱點題型二 讓步狀語從句
例2、________ the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.
A．While B．Unless
C．Since D．Until
解析：考查狀語從句引導詞的選擇。句意：________學生們來自不同的國家，他們在夏令營相處得非常好。根據句意可知，本題前後為轉折關係，所以應用while“儘管”來引導狀語從句，錶轉折。故答案為A項。
答案：A
【提分秘籍】
1．although，though，as與while引導的讓步狀語從句
(1) although引導讓步狀語從句時，只能用正常語序；though可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序；as只能用倒裝語序，即從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形置於句首，若表語是單數名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。
(2) although/though不能與but連用，但可以和yet，still連用。
(3)though 還可以作副詞，意為“可是，然而”,置於句末。
(4)while引導讓步狀語從句時，一般置於句首。
While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A．儘管我一直覺得自己能通過考試，但是我從未想到會得A。
Although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.
雖然這份工作要花大量的時間，但大多數學生都同意這次經歷是值得的。
Happy as they were，there was something missing.
儘管他們快樂，但總缺少什麼。
I’ve a bit of cold.It is nothing much，though.
我有點感冒，不過不太嚴重。
2．even if與even though 引導的讓步狀語從句
He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.
他很忙。即使他想陪他的兒子也沒有足夠的時間。
3．“no matter＋疑問詞”與“疑問詞＋ever”；
whether...or...(不管……還是……)引導的讓步狀語從句
(1) “no matter＋疑問詞”引導讓步狀語從句時，可轉化成 “疑問詞＋ever”。
(2)whenever,wherever還可分別引導時間和地點狀語從句。
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
總的來說，孩子想要什麼就給什麼是不明智的。
However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
無論你多麼努力，如果不減少飲食，那麼減肥是很難做到的。
Don’t trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.
無論他說什麼，不要相信他。
Whether you believe it or not，it is true.
不管你相信與否，那都是真的。
【舉一反三】
_______ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.
A．As B．When
C．Even though D．In case
答案：C
熱點題型三 條件狀語從句
例3． You won’t find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.
A．even though B．as long as
C．as if D．ever since
解析：考查語意邏輯關係。句意：_______你不斷地練習,你就不會覺得剪紙困難。even though“即使”，表示讓步； as long as“只要”，表示條件；as if “彷彿，好像”，引 導 方式狀語從句；ever since“自從……以來”，引導 時 間 狀 語 從句。由空格後的“不斷地練習”與空格前的“不會覺得 困難”可知此處表條件，應選as long as，所以答案為B。
答案：B
【提分秘籍】
1．引導條件狀語從句的連詞：if；unless；so(as) long as；once；in case；on condition that；supposing/suppose (that);provided/providing。
2．“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”的句型中，祈使句在意義上相當於條件狀語從句。
3．條件狀語從句中一般用一般現在時代替一般將來時，一般過去時代替過去將來時。
She says that she’ll have to close the shop unless business improves.
她說如果生意還沒有起色的話，她就不得不把店關掉。
You can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.
你可以借用我的車子只要你承諾不開太快。
Once they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.
學生一旦決定上哪所大 學，他們就應該瞭解一下入學手續。
【舉一反三】
It is so cold that you can’t go outside________fully covered in thick clothes.
A．if B．unless
C．once D．when
答案：B
熱點題型四 其他狀語從句
例4、 Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.
A．until B．when
C．although D．where
解析：考查地點狀語從句。句意：半小時後，露西仍然沒有從下公交車的地方打到出租車。until直到，引導時間狀語從句；when“當……時候”，引導時間狀語從句；although雖然，引導讓步狀語從句；where“在……地方”，引導地點狀語從句。根據the bus had dropped her可知，此處所填詞引導地點狀語從句，故where正確。句中已有時間狀語Half an hour later，故when不符合語境。
答案：D
【提分秘籍】
1.引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞where，wherever指具體地點時，從句可用於主句之前或之後；表示抽象條件的含義時,從句須放在主句之前。
2．目的狀語從句的謂語動詞一般含有情態動詞can，could,may，might，should等。
3．as if/though引導方式狀語從句時,從句中有時需用虛擬語氣.
Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day. x-kw
留一把鑰匙給你的鄰居，以防哪天你把自己鎖在門外。
Today，we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我們將在昨天停止的 地方 開始，為的是不漏掉知識點。
Now that you have grown up，you must do it by yourself.
既然你已經長大了，就必須自己做這件事。
【舉一反三】
Cathy had quit her job when her son was born ______ she could stay home and raise her family.
A．now that B．as if
C．only if D．so that
答案：D
真題再現：
1.[2017·北京卷] ________ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A．Once B．If
C．Although D．Because
【答案】C 【解析】考查狀語從句。 前後兩句之間是轉折關係，故選C。句意：雖然鳥兒用它們的羽毛來飛行， 但是有些羽毛也可用作其他用途。
2.[2017·北京卷] If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.
A．because B．though
C．until D．since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：如果遇到不懂的東西，你可以搜索、研究，和別人交流直到弄明白。本題考查狀語從句，A選項意為“因為”，B選項意為“儘管”，D選項“自從”或者“因為”，C選項“直到”符合語境，答案選C。
3.[2017·江蘇卷] Located ________ the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
A．why B．when
C．which D．where
【答案】D 【解析】考查狀語從句。由located一詞可知此處缺少一個表示方位、地點的引導詞，故用where引導地點狀語從句。句意：位於“一帶一路”交匯處，江蘇將為“一帶一路”的建設做出更多的貢獻。
1．(2015·高考四川卷，T6)There is only one more day to go ________ your favorite music group play live.
A．since B．until
C．when D．before
2. (2014·高考安徽卷，T25)The meaning of the word “nice”changed a few times________ it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”．
A．before B．after
C．since D．while
解析：選A。考查時間連詞的辨析。根據finally可知，came to include the sense“pleasant”後於The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times發生，據此可排除after和since(兩者只能使用於從句謂語動詞先於主句謂語動詞發生的情況)，while引導時間狀語從句時，表示主句和從句的謂語動詞同時發生，也不合適。故選A項before。本題句意是：“nice”一詞的含義變化了數次，直到最後它才包括了pleasant的含義。即：在nice包括pleasant這一含義之前，其含義還有其他幾次演變。
1．(2014·北京卷)________ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.
【答案】Even though
【解析】本題考查狀語從句的引導詞。句意：________森林公園離得很遠，每年有很多遊客會去遊覽。even though相當於even if，意為“儘管，雖然”，引導讓步狀語從句。
2．(2014·北京卷)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places.
【答案】so
3．(2014·重慶卷)Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn't get a taxi ________ the bus had dropped her.
【答案】where
【解析】本題考查狀語從句的引導詞。句意：半小時後，露西仍然沒有從下公交車的地方打到出租車。where在……地方，引導地點狀語從句。根據the bus had dropped her可知，此處所填詞引導地點狀語從句，故where正確。
4．(2014·湖南卷)You will never gain success ________ you are fully devoted to your work.
【答案】unless
【解析】考查條件狀語從句。句意：除非你完全致力於你的工作，否則你將永遠不會獲得成功。根據句意可知，完全致力於工作是成功的條件，故用unless。
5．(2014·福建卷)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.
【答案】if ever
【解析】本題考查省略句。句意：這裡的氣候宜人，________，在夏季氣溫極少達到30攝氏度。if ever如果曾經有；如果曾經發生。根據句中的關鍵詞quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(極少)可知，空格處表達的意思是“如果曾經有(if ever)”。if ever相當於if it (the temperature) ever reached 30℃ in summer。
6．(2014·四川卷)I'll be out for some time. ________ anything important happens, call me up immediately.
【答案】In case
【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：我將外出一段時間。如果發生重要的事情，請立刻給我電話。in case“如果，假若……的話”，引導條件狀語從句相當於if。根據句意可知，空格處用in case引導條件狀語從句。
7．(2014·安徽卷)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times________it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”．
【答案】before
【解析】考查連詞。根據finally可知，came to include the sense“pleasant”後於The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times發生，因此用before。句意：nice一詞的含義變化了數次之後，最後它才包括了pleasant的含義。
反饋練習：
1．An anti－corruption campaign has continued________Dec.25，2013 when the Communist Party of China issued a five－year anti－corruption plan.
A．in B．on
C．by D．since
2．You never really understand a person________you consider things from his point of view.
A．if B．once
C．as D．until
解析：選D。考查狀語從句的用法。句意：直到你能從他的觀點角度上思考問題你才能真正瞭解一個人。if如果；once一旦；as由於；until直到。故選D。
3．He hasn’t got any hobbies，________you call watching TV a hobby.
A．when B．if
C．unless D．since
解析：選C。考查狀語從句。句意：他沒有任何愛好，除非你將看電視稱為愛好的話。when當……時候；if如果；unless除非，要不是；since既然。根據主從句之間的關係和連詞含義判斷。故選C。
4．Students’ active performances in class will be the new normal________teachers give them more chances.
A．although B．once
C．until D．since
解析：選B。考查狀語從句。句意：一旦老師們給孩子更多的機會，學生們在課堂上的積極表現將成為新的常態。although儘管，雖然；once一旦；until直到；since自從，既然。根據主從句之間的關係判斷選B。
5．This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it，________.
A．how much may it cost xk*w
B．no matter how it may cost
C．however much it may cost
D．whatever may it cost
解析：選C。考查狀語從句的用法。句意：這本書很有趣，不論多貴，我都要買。no matter how＝however無論，引導讓步狀語從句，其後直接跟形容詞或副詞引導從句。故選C。
6．________I can’t fully understand what his music conveys，his performance is quite impressive.
A．As B．Since
C．If D．While
解析：選D。考查連詞。A因為；B自從；C如果；D儘管。結合語境可知前句為讓步狀語從句。句意：儘管我不能完全理解他音樂所傳達的東西，但他的表演是相當令人印象深刻的。故選D。
7．He found it increasingly difficult to read，________his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A．though B．for
C．but D．so
8．—Did he come back early last night?
—Yes.It was not yet eight o’clock________he arrived home.
A．when B．that
C．before D．until
解析：選A。題幹中用了it was ＋時間點＋when...結構，從屬連詞when引導時間狀語從句，答句句意：是的，他不到八點就到家了。
9．—Can a person enjoy the pleasure from his work?
—________he can have his interests and the work combined.
A．Although B．Since
C．While D．Unless
解析：選D。考查條件狀語從句。句意：——一個人可以從他的工作中獲得快樂嗎？——除非他能把他的愛好和工作結合起來。unless“除非”，符合句意。
10．He was so deep in thought，thinking of the problem________he knocked into the tree without noticing it.
A．when B．while
C．because D．that
解析：選D。考查結果狀語從句。so...that...表示“如此……以致……”，引導結果狀語從句。句意：他思考問題太投入了，以致一不留神撞到了樹上。
11．—No one can achieve anything of real significance________he works very hard.
—I got it，Dad.I’ll study hard from now on.
A．because B．if
C．unless D．when
解析：選C。考查條件狀語從句。設空處句意：一個人要是不努力，他就將一事無成。根據句意可知選unless引導條件狀語從句。
12．He tried his best to solve the problem，________difficult it was.
A．however B．no matter
C．whatever D although
解析：選A。考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論問題有多麼棘手，他都會竭盡全力去解決它。疑問詞＋ever既可以引導名詞性從句，也可以引導讓步狀語從句，引導讓步狀語從句相當於no matter ＋ 疑問詞。difficult 是形容詞，修飾形容詞或副詞應該用how或however，排除C；B項後缺少how，排除B；although後跟句子，排除D，故選A。
13．—Did you remember to give Jack the book?
—Yes，I gave it to him________I saw him.
A．while B．immediately
C．once D．suddenly
解析：選B。考查固定句式。immediately為從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，表示從句的動作一發生，主句的動作隨即就發生，常譯為“一……就……”，本處用immediately表示“我一看見他就把書給他了”，故選B。
14．Can I have your name and your telephone number ________ we can touch you when we have news?
A．so that B．even though
C．in case D．as long as
解析：選A。句意：你能告訴我你的名字和電話號碼嗎？以便一有消息我們就可以聯繫到你。so that意為“為了，以便”，even though意為“即使”；in case意為“萬一”；as long as意為“只要”。根據語境可知，空格處引導目的狀語從句，故選A。
15．I quite enjoy painting pictures，________I know that I do not have what it takes to reach the top.
A．since B．unless
C．if D．though
解析：選D。考查讓步狀語從句。句意：儘管我知道我不需要達到畫畫的最高峰，可我酷愛繪畫。故選D。
16．Actually，________we’re done a lot to develop a low－carbon economy，it doesn’t live up to our expectations.
A．after B．once
C．unless D．though
17．________you have signed the contract with them，there is no point in discussing the price.
A．Even if B．As though
C．Now that D．As soon as
解析：選C。句意：既然你已經和他們簽訂了合同，再討論價格也沒有意義了。now that“既然”，引導原因狀語從句。
18．—How did she find the trip to America last month?
—She had so good a time________she visited the Statue of Liberty.
A．where B．when
C．that D．until
解析：選B。答句句意：參觀自由女神像的時候，她玩得非常開心。此題易誤選C。注意這裡不是so...that...句型。when在此引導時間狀語從句。
19．Teachers can get promoted________they spend three years working here.
A．even if B．as long as
C．as far as D．in case
解析：選B。句意：只要在這裡工作滿三年，老師就可以得到晉升。根據語意可知，應用as long as引導條件狀語從句。
20．—So，________your misfortunes，you should try to stay busy and bear in mind that everyone gets one opportunity or another if they keep trying.
—Thanks，I will.
A．however B．whatever
C．whenever D．whichever
語法填空
Everybody uses words 1 special meanings.The more exact we are，the more likely we are to use such words.A word，properly 2 (use)，can be as useful as several sentences，or even a picture.
As you study science，you will find that a diagram，a drawing， 3 a photograph may also help you learn and understand.Each of these special words 4 (describe)a kind of picture.It is important 5 (learn)the exact meanings of words like these.A photograph is a picture made with a camera.A drawing is a picture done with a pencil，a pen or crayons.A diagram is a drawing， 6 shows the important parts of a thing.
You will learn science words by learning their definitions.This means that you will learn how to describe what science words mean by 7 (choose)other more familiar words.Soon you will find how easy it is to express 8 (you)clearly with the help of science words.
Learning to use science words correctly is not 9 (differ)from learning to do anything well.We learn by practising and by 10 (constant)trying to improve.It is not so important to say the definitions of words，but it is quite important that we learn to use words correctly to express ideas.
【語篇解讀】 本文講述了用詞準確的重要性，用詞恰當會事半功倍。
1．with [考查介詞。對於純空格類的語法填空題，如果空格出現在名詞前面，很可能會填冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或介詞等。根據句意可知，該空格處應填介詞with，表示“具有，有”，“with special meanings”在句中作後置定語修飾words，意為“具有特殊意義的單詞”。]
2．used [考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，句中已有謂語動詞，而且所填單詞並不是並列謂語，那麼空格處就要用所給動詞的非謂語形式。根據題意可知，A word和use之間為動賓關係，故用過去分詞。句中properly used為過去分詞短語作條件狀語，可改寫為“if it is properly used”。]
3．or [考查連詞。對於純空格類的語法填空題，若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，則很可能填
6．which [考查定語從句的引導詞。這是一個由關係代詞which引導的非限制性定語從句，which在從句中作主語，先行詞為drawing。]
7．choosing [考查現在分詞。此處表示這意味著你要通過選擇其他更熟悉的單詞來描繪科學詞彙的意思。該句中用現在分詞作方式狀語。]
8．yourself [考查反身代詞。句子的主語為you，後面的及物動詞express後應用其反身代詞形式，表示自己承受自己發出的動作。此處表示很快你就會發現在科學詞彙的幫助下，你會很清楚地表達自己的意思。]
9．different [考查形容詞。所給單詞differ為動詞，但因為空格前面出現了系動詞is，故應用所給單詞的形容詞形式different。be different from是一個固定詞組，表示“不同於”，相當於differ from。]
10．constantly [考查詞性轉換。分析句子結構可知空格處修飾trying to improve，應用副詞。]
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