kafka的zookeeper 存儲結構

kafka的zookeeper 存儲結構

1.topic註冊信息

/brokers/topics/[topic] :

存儲某個topic的partitions所有分配信息

Schema:

{

"version": "版本編號目前固定為數字1",

"partitions": {

"partitionId編號": [

同步副本組brokerId列表

],

"partitionId編號": [

同步副本組brokerId列表

],

.......

}

}

Example:

{

"version": 1,

"partitions": {

"0": [1, 2],

"1": [2, 1],

"2": [1, 2],

}

}

說明:紫紅色為patitions編號,藍色為同步副本組brokerId列表

2.partition狀態信息

/brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[0...N] 其中[0..N]表示partition索引號

/brokers/topics/[topic]/partitions/[partitionId]/state

Schema:

{

"controller_epoch": 表示kafka集群中的中央控制器選舉次數,

"leader": 表示該partition選舉leader的brokerId,

"version": 版本編號默認為1,

"leader_epoch": 該partition leader選舉次數,

"isr": [同步副本組brokerId列表]

}

Example:

{

"controller_epoch": 1,

"leader": 2,

"version": 1,

"leader_epoch": 0,

"isr": [2, 1]

}

3. Broker註冊信息

/brokers/ids/[0...N]

每個broker的配置文件中都需要指定一個數字類型的id(全局不可重複),此節點為臨時znode(EPHEMERAL)

Schema:

{

"jmx_port": jmx端口號,

"timestamp": kafka broker初始啟動時的時間戳,

"host": 主機名或ip地址,

"version": 版本編號默認為1,

"port": kafka broker的服務端端口號,由server.properties中參數port確定

}

Example:

{

"jmx_port": 6061,

"timestamp":"1403061899859"

"version": 1,

"host": "192.168.1.148",

"port": 9092

}

4. Controller epoch:

/controller_epoch -> int (epoch)

此值為一個數字,kafka集群中第一個broker第一次啟動時為1,以後只要集群中center controller中央控制器所在broker變更或掛掉,就會重新選舉新的center controller,每次center controller變更controller_epoch值就會 + 1;

5. Controller註冊信息:

/controller -> int (broker id of the controller) 存儲center controller中央控制器所在kafka broker的信息

Schema:

{

"version": 版本編號默認為1,

"brokerid": kafka集群中broker唯一編號,

"timestamp": kafka broker中央控制器變更時的時間戳

}

Example:

{

"version": 1,

"brokerid": 3,

"timestamp": "1403061802981"

}

Consumer and Consumer group概念:

a.每個consumer客戶端被創建時,會向zookeeper註冊自己的信息;

b.此作用主要是為了"負載均衡".

c.同一個Consumer Group中的Consumers,Kafka將相應Topic中的每個消息只發送給其中一個Consumer。

d.Consumer Group中的每個Consumer讀取Topic的一個或多個Partitions,並且是唯一的Consumer;

e.一個Consumer group的多個consumer的所有線程依次有序地消費一個topic的所有partitions,如果Consumer group中所有consumer總線程大於partitions數量,則會出現空閒情況;

舉例說明:

kafka集群中創建一個topic為report-log 4 partitions 索引編號為0,1,2,3

假如有目前有三個消費者node:注意-->一個consumer中一個消費線程可以消費一個或多個partition.

如果每個consumer創建一個consumer thread線程,各個node消費情況如下,node1消費索引編號為0,1分區,node2費索引編號為2,node3費索引編號為3

如果每個consumer創建2個consumer thread線程,各個node消費情況如下(是從consumer node先後啟動狀態來確定的),node1消費索引編號為0,1分區;node2費索引編號為2,3;node3為空閒狀態

總結:

從以上可知,Consumer Group中各個consumer是根據先後啟動的順序有序消費一個topic的所有partitions的。

如果Consumer Group中所有consumer的總線程數大於partitions數量,則可能consumer thread或consumer會出現空閒狀態。

Consumer均衡算法

當一個group中,有consumer加入或者離開時,會觸發partitions均衡.均衡的最終目的,是提升topic的併發消費能力.

1) 假如topic1,具有如下partitions: P0,P1,P2,P3

2) 加入group中,有如下consumer: C0,C1

3) 首先根據partition索引號對partitions排序: P0,P1,P2,P3

4) 根據(consumer.id + '-'+ thread序號)排序: C0,C1

5) 計算倍數: M = [P0,P1,P2,P3].size / [C0,C1].size,本例值M=2(向上取整)

6) 然後依次分配partitions: C0 = [P0,P1],C1=[P2,P3],即Ci = [P(i * M),P((i + 1) * M -1)]

6. Consumer註冊信息:

每個consumer都有一個唯一的ID(consumerId可以通過配置文件指定,也可以由系統生成),此id用來標記消費者信息.

/consumers/[groupId]/ids/[consumerIdString]

是一個臨時的znode,此節點的值為請看consumerIdString產生規則,即表示此consumer目前所消費的topic + partitions列表.

consumerId產生規則:

StringconsumerUuid = null;

if(config.consumerId!=null && config.consumerId)

consumerUuid = consumerId;

else {

String uuid = UUID.randomUUID()

consumerUuid = "%s-%d-%s".format(

InetAddress.getLocalHost.getHostName, System.currentTimeMillis,

uuid.getMostSignificantBits().toHexString.substring(0,8));

}

String consumerIdString = config.groupId + "_" + consumerUuid;

Schema:

{

"version": 版本編號默認為1,

"subscription": { //訂閱topic列表

"topic名稱": consumer中topic消費者線程數

},

"pattern": "static",

"timestamp": "consumer啟動時的時間戳"

}

Example:

{

"version": 1,

"subscription": {

"open_platform_opt_push_plus1": 5

},

"pattern": "static",

"timestamp": "1411294187842"

}

7. Consumer owner:

/consumers/[groupId]/owners/[topic]/[partitionId] -> consumerIdString + threadId索引編號

當consumer啟動時,所觸發的操作:

a) 首先進行"Consumer Id註冊";

b) 然後在"Consumer id 註冊"節點下注冊一個watch用來監聽當前group中其他consumer的"退出"和"加入";只要此znode path下節點列表變更,都會觸發此group下consumer的負載均衡.(比如一個consumer失效,那麼其他consumer接管partitions).

c) 在"Broker id 註冊"節點下,註冊一個watch用來監聽broker的存活情況;如果broker列表變更,將會觸發所有的groups下的consumer重新balance.

8. Consumer offset:

/consumers/[groupId]/offsets/[topic]/[partitionId] -> long (offset)

用來跟蹤每個consumer目前所消費的partition中最大的offset

此znode為持久節點,可以看出offset跟group_id有關,以表明當消費者組(consumer group)中一個消費者失效,

重新觸發balance,其他consumer可以繼續消費.

9. Re-assign partitions

/admin/reassign_partitions

{

"fields":[

{

"name":"version",

"type":"int",

"doc":"version id"

},

{

"name":"partitions",

"type":{

"type":"array",

"items":{

"fields":[

{

"name":"topic",

"type":"string",

"doc":"topic of the partition to be reassigned"

},

{

"name":"partition",

"type":"int",

"doc":"the partition to be reassigned"

},

{

"name":"replicas",

"type":"array",

"items":"int",

"doc":"a list of replica ids"

}

],

}

"doc":"an array of partitions to be reassigned to new replicas"

}

}

]

}

Example:

{

"version": 1,

"partitions":

[

{

"topic": "Foo",

"partition": 1,

"replicas": [0, 1, 3]

}

]

}

10. Preferred replication election

/admin/preferred_replica_election

{

"fields":[

{

"name":"version",

"type":"int",

"doc":"version id"

},

{

"name":"partitions",

"type":{

"type":"array",

"items":{

"fields":[

{

"name":"topic",

"type":"string",

"doc":"topic of the partition for which preferred replica election should be triggered"

},

{

"name":"partition",

"type":"int",

"doc":"the partition for which preferred replica election should be triggered"

}

],

}

"doc":"an array of partitions for which preferred replica election should be triggered"

}

}

]

}

例子:

{

"version": 1,

"partitions":

[

{

"topic": "Foo",

"partition": 1

},

{

"topic": "Bar",

"partition": 0

}

]

}

11. 刪除topics

/admin/delete_topics

Schema:

{ "fields":

[ {"name": "version", "type": "int", "doc": "version id"},

{"name": "topics",

"type": { "type": "array", "items": "string", "doc": "an array of topics to be deleted"}

} ]

}

例子:

{

"version": 1,

"topics": ["foo", "bar"]

}

Topic配置

/config/topics/[topic_name]

例子

{

"version": 1,

"config": {

"config.a": "x",

"config.b": "y",

...

}

}


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