because, since, as與for用法辨析

because, since, as與for用法辨析

because, since, as與for用法辨析

1. because的用法

because語氣最強,表示直接原因,可用於回答 why 提出的問題、引導表語從句、用於強調句等,而其餘三者均不行。如果原因是句子裡最重要的部分,通常將because從句放在句末。because從句也可以獨自成句。since和as則不能這樣用。

如:

A:Why didn’t she come? 她為什麼沒來?

B:Because she was very busy. 因為她很忙。

It is because he is clever that I like him. 是因為他聰明我才喜歡他。

Why am l leaving? I’ll leaving because I’m fed up!

我為什麼要走呢?我要走,是因為我待夠了!

Because I was ill for six months, I lost my job.

因為我病了六個月,所以把工作丟了。

2. since與as

兩者所表示的原因都是人們已知的,即對已知事實提供理由,而不是表示直接原因。since 比 as 語氣稍強,且比 as 略為正式,它們引導的從句通常放在主句之前,有時也放在主句之後。如:

As you weren’t there, I left a message. 由於你不在那兒,我留了個口信。

Since you’ve been here awhile, you might as well stay. 既然你已經來了一段時間,就不妨繼續待下去。

另外,since 可用於省略句,而其他三者不行。如:

Since so, I have nothing to say. 既然如此,我無話可說。

3. for的用法

for是並列連詞,而其餘三者為從屬連詞。for有時可表示因果關係(通常要放在主句之後,且可與 because 換用);有時不表示因果關係,而是對前面分句內容的解釋或推斷(也要放在主句之後,但不能與because 換用)。比較:

The ground is wet,for (=because) it rained last night. 地面是溼的,因為昨晚下過雨。

It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning. 昨晚一定下過雨, 你看今天早上地面是溼的。 (此句不能用 because 代 for)

We rarely stay in hotel, for we can’t afford it. 我們很少住旅館,因為我們住不起。

When I saw her in the river I was frightened. For at that point the currents were dangerous.

for引導的從句不能位於not,but或任何連詞之後:

He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing.

他偷東西,並不是因為他想要錢,而是他有這種毛病。(這裡不能用for。)

because, since, as與for用法辨析



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