語法基礎|簡單句講解

句子的種類

從結構上看,句子可分為四類:簡單句、並列句、複合句和並列複合句。

簡單句

只包含一個主謂結構,句子的各個成分都由單詞或短語表示。

簡單句的表示形式:

【下面用雙橫線====表示主語;橫線——表示謂語】

1.一個主語+一個謂語。

Time flies.歲月飛逝。

This placeis rightly called an earthly paradise.這個地方簡直可稱為天堂。

Today's opportunities erase yesterday's failures.(Gene Brown)今日的機遇可以抹去昨日的失敗。

Would you were with us!你跟我們在一起該多好!

What in the world do you mean?你到底是什麼意思?

Welook upon our youth as the future of our motherland.我們把我們的青年看作祖國的未來。

A fool always finds a great fool to admire him.(N.Boileau)傻瓜總會發現有更傻的傻瓜讚美他。

Man's greatnesslies in his power of thought.(Blaise Pascal)人的偉大在於他的思想能力。

Necessityis the mother of invention.(Plato)需要是發明之母。

Ignoranceis the mother of superstition.(Balzac)無知是迷信之母。

Bureaucracyis the death of any achievement.(A.Einstein)官僚制度是任何成就的殺手。

2.一個主語+並列謂語。

Wemust bear the burdens and relish the jobs.我們必須吃苦耐勞,樂觀快活。

Hebuys wholesale and sells retail.他批發購進,零售賣出。

Truthis often eclipsed but never extinguished.(Titus Livius)真理往往被掩蓋,但永遠不會消失。

All my life Ihave set ahead of me a series of goals and then tried to reach them, one at a time.(Robert G.Allman)這一生我已經樹立了一系列目標,然後努力去達到,一次一個。

Two of the girlsbecame teenage mothers and live on welfare.兩個女孩未成年便成了母親,靠救濟度日。

Electricitylights streets, warms houses and drives machines.電照亮街道,使房子溫暖並能開動機器。

3.並列主語+一個謂語。

Science and technologyare productive force.科學和技術都是生產力。

The water and steam in the boiler should circulate freely.鍋爐裡的水和蒸汽能夠自由循環。

I do not care for money.Decorations, titles, or distinctionsmean nothing to me.(A.Einstein)我不在乎錢。獎章、頭銜或名譽對我毫無意義。

John or Iam to blame.或者怪約翰,或者怪我。

Either you or heis to go.不是你去就是他去。

Neither the students nor the teacherknows anything about the subject matter of this article.學生們和老師都不知道這篇文章的內容。

4.並列主語+並列謂語。

My sister and I help each other and learn from each other.我的姐妹和我互相幫助,互相學習。

Ice and snowcovered the ground and made our progress difficult.冰和雪覆蓋大地,使我們前進很困難。

Heat, light, electricity and soundare different forms of energy and can be changed from one form into another.熱、光、電和聲音是能量的不同形式,並且能夠從一種形式轉換為另一種形式。

有些簡單句只包含一個詞或一個成分。例如:

Help!救人呀!

No parking!不準停車!

Merry Christmas(to you)!祝你聖誕節快樂!

Your health! 【祝酒用語】祝你健康!

Out with it!拿出來!

Oh dear! 【感嘆語】啊!哎呀!

Many happy returns(of the day)! 【生日賀詞】祝你長壽!

Forward to new victories! 【口號】爭取新的勝利!

(以上這類句子都是習慣說法)

For a time the inhabitants of the valley were not interested in it.But not for long.【只有一個狀語But not for long】有一段時期,山谷裡的居民對此事並不感興趣。但為時不長。


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