2018年中考英語快速提分必備秘籍之書面表達-議論文
1. 體裁解讀
議論文是針對某個問題或某個事件進行分析、評論，表明自己的觀點、立場、態度、看法和主張的一種文體。議論文三要素是論點、論據、論證。
議論點表明作者對某一方面的問題所持的主張、觀點和態度。
論據是用來證明論點的根據。它包括事實論據和理論論據。事實論據即通常所說的“擺事實”，如客觀存在的現實、發生的事件、確切的數字及案例等；而理論論據即通常所講的“講道理”，如原理、規則、法則、名人名言、經典著作等。
論證如同一條線，把需要的論據圍繞著論點組織起來，貫穿在一起。
2. 寫作攻略
初中生在寫議論文時要首先考慮自己的觀點是什麼，明確觀點後要圍繞觀點進行論證，最後再進行總結。議論文在寫作手法上以議論為主，但有時也要運用說明、敘述、描寫等手法。初中議論文的寫作格式一般為三段式：開頭、主體和結尾。一般寫作步驟如下：
第一步：確定主題，引出論點；
第二步：通過擺事實、講道理來支持自己的觀點。所用的事實、原因、理由應緊密地同結論聯繫在一起；
第三步：得出結論。要簡明扼要、回扣全文。
【寫作模版】
【模板範文】
Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad.
But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well. First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English. Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English. If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English. Most important of all, you can learn something more widely.
All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well. And I hope that all the students can use English freely.
【模板範文】
Nowadays,many students like to make friends online.About this different people have different opinions.
On the one hand,some
people think it's interesting totalk with friends online.So you will never feel lonely when youare alone.If you are lucky enough to make a friend from Englishspeaking country,you can improve your English greatly.Moreover, it's pretty cool to have several foreign friends.But every coinhas two sides.Firstly,only a few people have made really goodfriends online.Many people are cheated by the ＂friends＂.Besides,it is terrible for students to spen
d much time makingfriends and talking online.
Some people say making friends online is making trouble.Ithink there is something in what they say.
【模板範文】
In recent days, we have to face a problem: that is many students have bad eating habits.For example,some go to school without breakfast; some like to eat snacks; some always like to eat the same food; and still some eat or drink too much. All these habits are bad for our health.
Faced with this,we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. For one thing, we should eat all kinds of healthy foods,such as rice,fish,meat, vegetables and fruit. For another thing, we'd better have meals at the right time.Besides,we should not eat too much especially before wego to bed.
In my opinion,if we have god eating habits,we will have good health. And we can study beer.
【常用表達】
1. 表示反對
oppose v. 反對 be against... 反對……
be opposed to反對，不贊成 object to... 反對，對……反感
disagree with不同意；不一致 on the contrary反之，正相反
2. 表示贊同
support v. 支持 stand by支持
in favour of 有利於；贊成，支持 agree v. 同意
3. 表示對比
on one hand/side 一方面
on the other hand/side 另一方面
4. 表示遞進
further more 進一步 in addition此外
besides 除此之外
5. 表示順序
last/finally adv. 最後 first of all 首先
what's more而且 the last point 最後一點
last but not least 最後但同樣重要的是
6. 表示轉折
yet adv. 然而 however adv. 可是，然而
in all 總的說來 in a word 簡而言之
in short 總之
8. 其他
nowadays adv. 現在 discussion n. 討論
argument n. 爭論 as follows 如下
mental health 心理健康 establish v. 創建
limited adj. 有限的 reduce stress減壓
in the opening times在開放時代
take a series of effective measures 採取一系列有效措施
【亮點句型】
【奪人眼球篇首句】
1.Nowadays,there is a wide-spread concern over… 現今，……引起了人們的廣泛關注。
2.Nowadays,people are paying a lot more attention to… 如今，人們把更多的注意力放在……上。
3. It is universally acknowledged that... 眾所周知的是……
4.It's commonly/generally believed that... 人們普遍認為……
5.Recently,sb.has/there is a discussion about… 近來，（某人）就……展開了一次討論。
6.Generally,the advantages can be listed as follows. 大體上，有以下幾方面優點。
7.Recently,the students of my class had a discussionabout whether Grade Two students should go to school in the evening. 近來，我們班針對二年級的學生是否應該夜間上課展開了討論。
【亮點出彩篇中句】
1.People have different opinions on this problem.
在這個問題上人們有不同的觀點。
2. It has to be noticed that... 需要注意的是……
3. As to me, I am not in favour of this point of view.
對我來說，我不贊成這種觀點。
4. I hold an opinion that... 我認為……
5. Ithink it harmful to... 我認為……是有害的。
6. There is no doubt that... 毫無疑問的是……
7. There is no denying that... 不可否認的是……
8. Compared to/In comparison with..., ... are more... 與……相比，……更……
9. Unlike A, B... 不像A一樣，B………
10.It's good/beneficial for sb.to do...
對某人來講做……是有好處的/有益處的。
11.What's more,everything has its own two sides.
而且，任何事情都有兩個方面。
12. What calls for special attention is that... 需要特別注意的是……
13. Further, we hold the opinion that... 還有，我們的意見是……
14.I can't agree with their opinions for the reasons below.
我不同意他們的觀點，原因如下。
15.My argument/advice for this problem goes as follows.
針對這一問題，我的觀點/建議如下。
16.I can't entirely agree with the idea that... I believe...
我不能完全同意……的觀點。我認為……
17. They can ask theirteachers and parents for advice onhow to solve problems.
他們可以向他們的老師和家長尋求解決這些問題的建議
18. However, unlike the former students, some others thinkthey should have their own time to study.
然而，與前面這些學生觀點不同的其他一些學生認為，他們應該擁有自己的學習時間。
19.There is no doubt that it is harmfulif a person works without rest.
毫無疑問一個人只工作不休息的話是有害的。
20. Just as the saying goes, ＂A smile can make you ten years younger.＂
正如俗語所講：＂笑一笑，十年少。＂
【韻味無窮結尾句】
1.From above,we can predict that…
從以上情況，我們可以預測……
2. I will conclude by saying... 總結一下就是說……
3.Therefore,we have the reason to believe that... 因此，我們有理由相信……
4.As a student,we should face all the possible difficulties in our life positively.
作為學生，我們應該樂觀地面對生活中所有可能存在的困難。
5.I agree with the later.I think we should develop ourown self-study habit.
我同意後者。我認為我們應該培養自主學習的習慣。
6.From my point of view,our life would be better if we learned how to reduce stress.
我認為，如果我們學會了如何減壓，我們的生活會更好。
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