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1个人所得税法修正案草案：draft amendment to individual income tax law
2中国农民丰收节：Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival
3超级高铁：super high-speed train/高速磁悬浮轨道交通：high-speed magnetic suspension rail transport
4进京证新规：new regulations on entry permit
5游戏障碍：gaming disorder/电子游戏成瘾：addition to digital and video game
6第一宝宝：First Baby
7美国退出联合国人权理事会：US withdraws from UN Human Rights Council
8family separation：骨肉分离
“个税法”修正案草案初审
备受关注的个人所得税法修正案草案19日提请十三届全国人大常委会第三次会议审议，这是个税法自1980年出台以来第七次修改。草案的一大亮点是，将个税起征点由之前的3500元上调至5000元/月（6万元/年）。
A draft amendment to the individual income tax lawhas been submitted for a first reading at a bimonthly session of the National People's Congress Standing Committee. Specific personal income tax changes that aim to reduce taxpayer burdens and boost consumption are expected after the proposed changes receive regulatory approval.
近日，个人所得税法修正案草案提请全国人大常委会初次审议。此次提交审议的草案通过后，有望出台减轻纳税人负担、刺激消费等个人所得税具体改革措施。
个人所得税法修正案草案的亮点有：
起征点提高 raise the threshold
The draft amendment raises the threshold for personal income tax from 3,500 yuan to 5,000 yuan per month, or 60,000 yuan per year.
草案将个税起征点由之前的3500元上调至5000元/月(6万元/年)。
专项附加扣除：special expense deductions
The draft amendment adds special expense deductions for items like children's education, continuing education, treatment for serious diseases, as well as housing loan interest and rent.
草案首次增加子女教育支出、继续教育支出、大病医疗支出、住房贷款利息和住房租金等专项附加扣除。
税率变化 changes in tax rates
扩大3%、10%、20%三档低税率的级距，3%税率(tax rate)的级距扩大一倍，现行税率为10%的部分所得的税率降为3%；大幅扩大10%税率的级距，现行税率为20%的所得，以及现行税率为25%的部分所得的税率降为10%；现行税率为25%的部分所得的税率降为20%；相应缩小25%税率的级距，30%、35%、45%这三档较高税率的级距保持不变。
If the revisions are adopted, those whose monthly salary ranges from 5,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan will see their tax cut by over 50% and those whose monthly salary ranges from 20,000 to 80,000 will see their tax cut by 10-50%.
如果草案通过，月收入在5000元至2万元之间的人纳税额将减半，月收入在2万元至8万元之间的人纳税额将减少10%到50%。
综合征税 comprehensive income taxation
现行个人所得税法采用"分类征税"方式，即将应税所得分为11类，实行不同征税办法。草案将11类中的4类，即工资薪金(salary)、劳务报酬(remuneration for personal service)、稿酬(remuneration)、特许权使用费(royalty)等4项劳动性所得纳入综合征税范围，适用统一的超额累进税率。
反避税条款 anti-tax avoidance clause
The draft amendment also adds ananti-tax avoidance clause, empowering tax authorities to adjust tax rates when individuals transfer property in violation of independent trading. Individuals will also be subject to the clause when they evade taxes through overseas tax havens or obtain improper tax benefits by organizing unlawful commercial activities.
草案增加了反避税规定，针对个人不按独立交易原则转让财产、在境外避税地避税、实施不合理商业安排获取不当税收利益等避税行为，赋予税务机关按合理方法进行纳税调整的权力。
我国设'中国农民丰收节'
经党中央批准、国务院批复，自2018年起我国将每年农历秋分(autumn equinox)设立为"中国农民丰收节"。
Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival, the first in China created specially for farmers, reflects the high priority the central government places on agriculture, rural areas and rural people, as well as its determination to see a thriving agricultural industry, beautiful countryside and well-off farmers.
"中国农民丰收节"是第一个专为农民设立的节日。设立这一节日反映了党中央对"三农"工作高度重视，以及确保农业繁荣、农村美丽、农民富足的决心。
经党中央批准、国务院批复，自2018年起我国将每年农历秋分(autumn equinox)设立为"中国农民丰收节"。为何将"中国农民丰收节"设立在秋分？农业农村部部长韩长赋透露主要是基于三方面的考虑。
从节气上看，春种秋收，春华秋实，秋分时节硕果累累，最能体现丰收(it's the best time to celebrate the harvest)。
从区域上看，我国地域辽阔、物产丰富，各地收获的时节有所不同，但多数地方都在秋季(Although climates and crops differ in various parts of China, most crops mature in autumn)，秋收作物是大头。
从民俗上看，我们国家有十几个少数民族有庆祝丰收的传统节日(ethnic groups in China have their own festivals at harvest time)，
大多都在下半年。在国家层面设立一个各民族共同参与、共庆丰收的节日，有利于促进中华民族大家庭的和睦团结和发展(to enhance harmony and development of the Chinese nation)。
"中国农民丰收节"会有哪些庆祝活动？
The festival should celebrate farmers, and they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest, Han said.
韩长赋说，这是农民的节日，鼓励农民用自己的方式庆祝丰收。
Some activities will be held nationwide, but most of the celebration will take place at a local level derived from local customs, he said, adding that local governments could host various activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting, feasting and sightseeing.
会举办一些全国性的活动，但大部分庆祝活动都会结合当地的民俗文化展开，当地政府可以组织开展民俗文化表演、食物品尝、美食及观光活动。
'超级高铁'试验线正搭建
继动车和高铁之后，中国正在探索研制速度更高，时速超过1000公里的高铁。
At the World Transport Convention 2018 held in Beijing on Tuesday, chief professor of Southwest Jiaotong University Zhang Weihua told the media that China is exploring super high-speed trains that can travel at 1,500 kilometers per hour.
19日，西南交通大学首席教授张卫华在北京举行的2018世界交通运输大会上向媒体表示，我国正在探索时速达1500公里的超级高铁。
张卫华认为，高速磁悬浮轨道交通(high-speed magnetic suspension rail transport)将成为未来轨道交通技术发展的主攻方向。他透露，目前我国正在成都搭建的比例模型车试验线(scale model train test line)采用"高温超导磁悬浮真空管"技术(high-temperature superconductivity magnetic suspension plus vacuum valve technology)，预计今年底前将建成并投入试验测试，最快将于2021年4月达
到1500公里试验时速。届时所有超高速磁悬浮列车(ultrahigh-speed maglev)试验都可以在此进行。
截至2017年底，我国高速铁路运营里程(operating mileage)达2.5万公里，约为世界高速铁路运营总里程的2/3，设计速度(design speed)最高为350-380公里/小时，上线运营列车达5200列，已成为名副其实的高铁大国。
北京拟将限制进京证使用次数
北京在收紧机动车牌照发放，鼓励市民购买新能源汽车的政策之后，针对外地进京的车辆管理颁发了新的管理制度，进一步严管进京外地车辆在北京的停留时限。
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