今天，我們將對英語中的過去完成時進行學習和總結~喜歡的小夥伴們趕緊關注吧，記得留言和分享哦~
過去完成時的定義
過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作以前已完成的行為或存在的狀態。
過去完成時的構成
過去完成時由“助動詞had（無人稱和數的變化）+過去分詞”構成。
肯定句：主語 + had + 過去分詞...
He had read it.
否定句：主語 + had + not + 過去分詞...
He had not read it.
疑問句：Had + 主語 + 過去分詞...?
Had he read it?
過去完成時的用法
1.表示在過去某一時間之前（也稱為“過去的過去”）已經發生或完成的動作。常與其連用的狀語為：before, just, ever, never, hardly, yet, already, as soon as, by/before+段時間等等。
As soon as the truck
had moved, he jumped onto it.那卡車剛一起動，他就跳了上去。
By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.
到愛迪生10歲的時候，他已給自己建了一個實驗室。
By the end of last term, we had already learned 20 new English songs.
到上學期末，我們已經學會了20首新英文歌。
2.表示在過去某一動作之前就已經發生或完成了的動作。
When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.
當我來到電影院時，電影已經開始了。
After he had finished his own work, he went to help the others.
他做完自己的工作後就去幫助其他人。
3.用於賓語從句中。
過去完成時多見於賓語從句中。一般說來，主句中用了know（知道），realize（意識到），think（認為），suppose（猜想），guess（推測），find（找到），discover（發現），decide（決定），remember（想起），forget（忘記）等動詞的一般過去時，如果賓語從句中的動作先於主句的動作，通常用過去完成時：
We realized we had lost our way.
我們意識到我們迷路了。
4.用於間接引語中。
過去完成時的作用有時完全相當於現在完成時的過去形式，在間接引語中多有這種情況：
Helen said (that) she had moved to another flat.
海倫說她已搬 到另一套房間去了。
He said he had been there before.
他說他曾經去過那裡。
5.表示未曾達到的意圖、希望或想法。
這類動詞有：think（認為），hope（希望），plan（計劃），expect（期望），suppose（猜想）等等。
I had hoped to have a trip to Xi'an.
我曾經希望去西安玩一次。
She had expected to buy a car.
她曾盼望買一輛車。
6.用於虛擬語氣。
過去完成時的這一用法，常見於以if only等引導的感嘆句：
If only we had listened to their advice!
我們要是聽了他們的意見就好了!
If only you had worked with Mike!
你要是和麥克一起工作該多好!
過去進行時的常用句型
1.過去完成時+when/before/by the time+一般過去時
She had had everything done before he came.
她在他到來以前把所有的事情都安排好了。
They had finished building the bridge by the time the rainy season came.
他們在雨季到來時已經把這座橋建成。
2.一般過去時+after/until+過去完成時
He didn't go home until he had done his homework.
他做完了作業才回家去。
She went to her office after she had taken a cup of coffee.
她僅喝了杯咖啡便去上班了。
3.過去完成時+by/till+過去的時間
She had typed the whole article by the midnight.
到子夜時分，她打完了整篇文章。
I had reached a small village till the next day.
到了第二天，我才趕到一個小村子。
4.Hardly+had+主語+過去分詞+when+主語+一般過去時
Hardly had the students finished the finals when they began to play football.
同學們期末考試一結束，便去踢足球了。
Hardly had he had a piece of bread when he went on working.
他吃了一片面包，便繼續幹了起來。
5.No sooner+had+主語+過去分詞+than+主語+一般過去時
No sooner had she come into the roon than she began to clean the table.
她一進屋便開始擦桌子。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他剛到就又走了。
簡單英語，快樂英語，盡在學府英語！
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