先做一下下面兩道試題,如果感覺吃力,請你認真學習本文,如果你感覺簡單,答案又正確的話,請直接跳過,不過可能還會吃虧,因為我今天的知識點非常重要,我的講義裡例句都是經典的,許多地方都是意想不到的考點。最好還是認認真真地看看本文吧,嘿嘿。
1、Mary ____ my letter ;otherwise she would have replied before now.
A has received B ought to have received
C couldn't have received
D shouldn't have received
2、where have you been?
I______in the heavy traffic,otherwise I_______here earlier.
A got stuck; would have come
B got stuck ;was
C have got stuck ;would have come
D had got stuck; would come
1、otherwise可表示含蓄虛擬的條件,主句用陳述語氣(該聲明時態用聲明時態),從句用虛擬語氣用would have done形式表達.
如:We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time, otherwise we would have given you a hand.
我們當時不知道你遇到了困難,要不然我們會幫助你的.
除了otherwise(否則,要不然)以外,能夠表示這種虛擬條件的詞和短語還包括:but that(要不是)、without(沒有)or(不然)、under...circumstances(在……的情況下)、in the past(在過去)等等.
Luckily he reminded me. Otherwise I'd have forgotten all about it.
虧他提醒了我,要不我早忘了。
He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten.
他提醒了我, 要不然(如果沒有提醒我)我就會把這件事給忘了。
His advice has made the design better than it would otherwise have been.
他的建議使得這個設計要比它本該是(如果未採納他的建議)的樣子要好。
My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the trip.
我父母借錢給我了。否則,我可付不起這次旅費。
We're committed to the project. We wouldn't be here otherwise.
我們是全心全意投入這項工作的,否則我們就不會到這裡來了。
2、注意:otherwise與or的區別
otherwise用於表示否定條件,指如果不做某事,就會發生不好的事,含告誡、威脅之意,語氣強於 or。
Shut the window, otherwise it'll get too cold in here.
把窗戶關好,不然屋子裡就太冷了。
Don't move, otherwise I'll kill you [ you'll be shot dead].
不許動,要不我就崩了你。
Be modest, otherwise you will lag behind.
要謙虛,否則就要落後。
Do it now, otherwise you'll be fired.
現在就做,否則就解僱你。
Hands up, otherwise you will be shot.
舉起手來,否則就斃了你。
Put your coat on, otherwise you'll catch a cold.
穿上外套,不然你會感冒的。
or詞義同 otherwise,但語氣較弱,多用於口語,也可與 else 合用。
〔例證〕
Get away, or (else) I'll call the cops.
滾開,不然我就打電話叫警察了。
Hurry up or (else) we'll be late.
抓緊時間,不然的話我們就要遲到了。
答案:1、C ;2、A