中国的“寿”字艺术源远流长，在中国的历史传说与文学作品中，南极寿星、麻姑献寿、八仙祝寿、蟠桃赴会等故事，可以说家喻户晓。而在社会生活中，各式各样的“寿”文化，更是千变万化，让人目不暇接。而“寿”文化在瓷器上的体现，就集中在了一只小小的寿碗上。
The Chinese "longevity" character art has a long history, in the Chinese historical legends and literary works, the Antarctic birthday star, ma gu presented birthday, the eight immortals birthday, flat peach party and other stories, can be known to everyone. And in the social life, the various "longevity" culture, but also kaleidoscope, let a person dizzying. The embodiment of "longevity" culture on porcelain is concentrated on a small longevity bowl.
寿碗，是中国民间老年人过生日，或办白喜事的时候为来客准备的碗，寓意沾上老人的长寿之气，是民间文化风俗之一。中国人送寿碗的行为代表的是一种传统礼仪，是一种对于晚辈的祝福，而了解和注重其中的文化内涵，也是对长者的尊重。
Shou bowl, is a Chinese folk old people birthday, or do white wedding when the bowl is prepared for visitors, meaning on the old people's longevity gas, is one of the folk cultural customs. The behavior of Chinese people sending longevity bowls represents a kind of traditional etiquette, which is a blessing to the younger generation, and understanding and paying attention to the cultural connotation of which is also a respect for the elderly.
中国是一个孝文化渗透到骨子的民族，古代中国很长一段时期都很少有大肆庆祝“生日”的习惯，尤其是母亲还在世的时候。这是因为古时医学条件极其落后，女子生育小孩的死亡率极高，自己的生日就是母亲的“受难日”，也称之为“母难日”。后来随着医学的进步，生育率和顺产率的提高，才逐渐有了庆祝生日的习惯。
China is a nation where filial piety permeates the bones. For a long time in ancient China, there was little habit of celebrating birthdays, especially when the mother was still alive. This is because ancient medical conditions are extremely backward, the death rate of women to give birth to children is very high, his birthday is the mother's "good Friday", also known as the "mother difficult day". Later, with the progress of medical science, the birth rate and the increase in natural birth rate, birthday celebration gradually became a habit.
而“寿碗”作为孝文化的载体，最早出现在明朝，明清时期的帝王就数次为自己的生日庆贺制作寿碗，以清康熙、乾隆、嘉庆等帝王为例，每到自己的“寿辰”，就授命宫廷事务处制作堪称“工艺品”并刻有“万寿无疆”字样的寿碗，这种最早出现的寿碗由于其特定的出身和工艺，一般拥有者都会珍藏起来，传于子孙后代。
As a carrier of the filial piety culture, and "longevity bowl", first appeared in Ming dynasty, the emperor of the Ming and qing dynasties is several times for her birthday celebration production life of bowl, to the qing emperor kangxi, qianlong and jiaqing emperor, for example, each to his own "birthday", will make man court affairs in "handicraft" and the plans of engraved with the word "day" bowl, the plans of the first bowl because of its particular background and technology, general owners will collect carefully, passed to future generations.
由于帝王祝寿用寿碗，在民间也就相应地出现了老人寿辰用的寿碗。据说，从前在参加老人寿辰时，有些讨寿者喝得酩酊大醉时，就将寿碗装进衣袋，或大抢出手，主家并不责怪，反认为“有福有寿”。有的人宴后向主人讨要寿碗，也有主人主动赠庆寿者“寿碗”一对，使受赠者沾老寿星之福，俗说有“延年益寿”之兆。
Because the emperor wished longevity with longevity bowl, in the folk also appeared correspondingly with the old longevity bowl. It is said that in the past, when attending the birthday of old people, some people get drunk, will put the bowl into the pocket, or fight, the host does not blame, but think that "a blessing and a life". Some people after the banquet to the host for longevity bowl, also have the host take the initiative to celebrate the birthday of the "longevity bowl" a pair, so that the recipients touch the blessing of the old life star, the common saying has "longevity" sign.
最早的明朝寿碗都是在碗上刻有各种“寿”字或寓意长寿的寿桃、松柏、仙鹤等长寿象征物图形。
The earliest Ming dynasty longevity bowl is engraved on the bowl with a variety of "longevity" characters or longevity symbols such as longevity peach, pine, crane graphics.
长寿象征物多取自自然物，其取用的途径或者是因为这些事物本身有绵长的寿命，如龟鹤松柏，乃至泰山、寿石；有的是利用某物名称的字音、谐音取意，如常青藤、常春花、猫、绶带鸟、蝴蝶等；有的是因为它们是传说中可以使人长寿的物品，如桃子、枸杞、灵芝、菊花等。这些象征物被以图画的方式组合、结构，就形成了祝福长寿的吉祥图案，诸如：“龟鹤齐龄”，画龟、鹤，“五福捧寿”，画五只蝙蝠围绕寿字；“芝仙祝寿”，画灵芝、水仙、竹和寿石；“杞、菊延年”，画菊和枸杞。
Longevity symbols are mostly from natural objects, their access to the way or because these things themselves have a long life, such as turtle and crane pine, and even Tarzan, shoushi; Have a plenty of use the word sound of some thing name, homophonic take meaning, be like ivy, evergreen flower, cat, regalia takes a bird, butterfly to wait; Have a few because they are the article that can make a person longevity in legend, wait like peach, Chinese wolfberry, ganoderma lucidum, chrysanthemum. These symbols are combined and structured in the form of pictures to form auspicious patterns of blessing longevity, such as: "turtle and crane age", painting turtle, crane, "five blessings holding longevity", painting five bats around the word longevity; "Zhi xian zhu shou", painting ganoderma, narcissus, bamboo and shoushi; "Qi, ju yannian", painting chrysanthemum and Chinese wolfberry.
寿碗，寄予了中国人对于健康福寿的美好追求与由衷的祝福；一个“寿”字，给中华民族追求生命的旺盛与长久注入了无限美妙的激情。人也寿，物也寿；山也寿，水也寿；吃也寿，喝也寿；行也寿，居也寿……中国人对寿的追求，真是无所不在，无时不在。“寿”是美好的企求，是生命的渴望，是永恒的赞歌，是智慧的诗行。
Shou bowl, placed the Chinese people for the health of the good pursuit of longevity and sincere blessing; A "longevity" word, to the Chinese nation to pursue the exuberant life and long into the infinite wonderful passion. People also live, things also live; Mountains also long, water also long; Eat also long, drink also long; Line also longevity, ju also longevity...... The Chinese people's pursuit of longevity is really omnipresent and omnipresent. Longevity is a good wish, a longing for life, an eternal hymn, a poem of wisdom.
此寿碗为同治粉彩寿碗，底部书“大清同治年制”双列六字款，口径13.9厘米，高6.6厘米，底径5.9cm，外壁为花纹和喜字，碗底为一个寿桃，整体造型优美，具有极高的收藏价值。
This longevity bowl is tongzhi powder enamel longevity bowl, the bottom of the book "tongzhi years of the qing dynasty" double list of six words, diameter of 13.9 cm, 6.6 cm high, the bottom diameter of 5.9cm, the outer wall for the pattern and the word, the bottom of the bowl is a longevity peach, the overall shape is beautiful, has a very high collection value.
