一、 发音水平
英语发音和英语阅读的关系常常被大家忽视。认为英语发音和英语阅读风马牛不相及,其实“发音”对“阅读”不但有用,而且非常有用,发音不过关的同学阅读就很难过关。因为我们阅读时,嘴上虽然没有动,但我们是在心里无意识地“暗读”(或暗发音),只不过嘴巴上的声音被大脑控制住了而已,阅读实际上也是一种朗读,只不过朗读是在嘴上的“明发音”,而阅读是在心里“暗发音”,因此嘴上“明发音”(阅读)水平低的人,他的“暗发音”(阅读)的水平也同样不高。所以,英语发音水平不过关必定影响英语阅读水平,要提高阅读水平和速度,必须掌握好英语发音,想办法提高发音水平,做到快速而准确的暗读每个单词。
二、 英语长句子
许多同学能都有过这样的阅读体会,在阅读英语文章时,有的句子很长,句中的单词都认识,但整个句子讲的什么就是看不懂,从而影响到整篇文章的理解和阅读。要看懂这样复杂的句子必须要懂得英语的句子结构,要学会找出长句的主、谓、宾,抓住句子主干部分进行理解。
1. The first part of this novel, it seems, is better written than other part.
(类似的插入语还有I believe, I suppose ,I’m afraid, for instance, for example, generally speaking, to be frank, on the other hand, on the contrary, in addition.)
2. Americans, on the other hand, are more likely to make chances to achieve great success.
3. Later she found a school at the suburb of New York State which was the first school of higher education in the U.S.A for women.
4. A tall tree broken by a strong wind was lying across the road yesterday.
5. Churchill, pausing to relight his cigar, said that he did not feel the points are as different as they thought.
6. As she looked at him, Mrs.Brown remembered stories that she had read in the newspapers about old who opened the door to strangers, and were hit on the head and had all their possessions stolen.
7. Having a chance to see how her mother works has given her more self-confidence.
8. The operation, carried out on a giant panda for the first time ever, lasted two and a half hours.
三、 形似词
英语中有许多词形相似但词义不同的形似词,所以阅读时稍不留意,就会造成对整个句子的错误理解。
如:A fter lunch he had a massage.
稍不留意就可能理解为:午饭后他得到一个口信(message)。
其实是:午饭后他进了一次按摩。
1. adapt 适应;改编----adopt 采纳;收养.
2. command 指挥;控制 ----commend 表扬
3. haven 港口-----heaven 天堂
4. heroin海洛因----heroine 女英雄
5. intension 紧张----intention 打算;意图
6. massage 按摩----message 口信
7. morning 上午----mourning 哀悼
8. politics 政治----politic 精明的;狡猾的
9. towel 毛巾----tower 塔
10. vague 含糊的;无表情的----vogue 流行
11. wander 漫步;徘徊----wonder 奇迹;想知道
12. collect 收集----correct 改正
13. camel 骆驼----camera 相机
14. factor 因素;要素----factory 工厂
15. figure 体形;数字----finger 手指
16. attack 攻击----attract 吸引
17. little 少许------litter 垃圾
18. table 桌子------tablet 药片
19. desert 沙漠----dessert 点心
20. appear 出现----appeal 求助于;采取;吸引力
21. corporation公司----cooperation 合作
22.description 描述----prescription 药方
23. chief 厨师--------thief 小偷
24. source 根源;源泉----resource 办法;手段;资源
25. avenue大街—avenge报仇
26. diary 日记----dairy 牛奶场
27. forge伪造—-----forget忘记
28. sweep 打扫-----weep 哭泣
29. farmer 农民----former 从前的;前者
30. bridge 桥----bride 新娘
四、词形变化
阅读时许多同学常把一些自己认识但经过词形变化后的词误认为是生词。如:看到calmer以后,不知是calm的比较级,而误认为是生词。常见词形变化:
A、名词单复数的变化
half----halves
ox----oxen
bureau----bureaux
goose----geese
booth----booths 电话亭
focus----foci 焦点
fungus----fungi 菌
alumnus----alumni 校友
datum----data 资料、数据
formula----formulae 公式、细菌
crisis----crises 危机
analysis----analyses 分析
thesis----theses 论文
criterion----criteria 标准
plateau----plateaux 高原
B、动词不规则变化
1. He rode for 3 hours and felt tire.
2. He dug and dug in order to find the box.
3. He lit a candle.
4. The street was lit by electricity.
5. The ship struck on a rock.
6. A good idea struck me.
7. The car was stuck in the mud.
C、形容词或副词的比较级
1. wise---wiser
2. smart---smarter
3. clever---cleverer
五、一词多义
英语单词中有许多单词都有多种意思,所以阅读时不加注意,就会造成对文章的无法理解。
1、Carelessness is the enemy we have to watch.(警惕)
2、I can see a homely face here.(bad-looking, ugly)
3、We will table the report this week.(提交,讨论)
4、He is drawing a cart.(画,拉)
5、She can’t bear children
6、He performed what his boss said to him.(completed)
7、I’ve never seen such a strange condition.(illness)
8、I didn’t take his tip.(建议,小费)
9、Next morning I found a foot of snow on the ground.(foot不是“脚”而是“英尺”)
10、Every vote counts!(不是“数”而是“起作用,算数)。