Why do bees die when they sting us?I don't know. But it sounds super sad.
為什麼蜜蜂蜇人後會死?我不知道，但這聽起來超級悲傷。
Yes. Honeybees are the only bees that die after stinging.
是的。蜜蜂是唯一蟄人後會死的蜂類。
But if they die, why do they sting?
但如果它們會死，那為什麼還蜇人呢?
Bees only sting when they feel we are a threat to their queen or their hive.
只有在感覺到人們威脅它們的蜂王或蜂巢時，蜜蜂才蜇人。
Now, the stinger of a honeybee is barbed.After stinging, it can easilycomeout, if the skin is thin.
蜜蜂的蜂針帶刺，如果皮膚很薄，蜂針在蜇入後很容易出來。
But since human skin is thick, the barbed stinger gets stuck.
但因為人類的皮膚較厚，帶刺的蜂針就被卡住了。
Hence, when the bee tries to pull herself, she ends up tearing the abdomen, leaving behind her venom sac, parts of the digestive tract,etc. and thus, killing herself.
因此，當蜜蜂試圖拉出蜂針時，就會撕裂腹部，留下毒液囊、以及一部分消化道等，從而殺死自己。
Now, although the bee is dead, we should make sure that we remove the sting.
現在，雖然蜜蜂已經死了，但我們仍應確保將蜂針取出。
Why?
為什麼呢?
Because in spite of being detached from the bee, the venom sac continues to pump venom,thus increasing the pain.
因為儘管與蜜蜂分離，毒液囊仍繼續分泌毒液，從而加劇疼痛。
How do scars form?
傷疤如何形成?
It is a secret process. I cannot reveal it.
這是一個秘密過程，我不能透露。
No. It's not a secret process.
不，這不是一個秘密過程。
A scar is formed when our skin tissue heals itself after an injury.Our skin tissue has collagen. Collagen is a structural protein produced by fibroblasts.
我們的皮膚組織受傷後進行自行癒合時，傷疤就會形成，我們的皮膚組織中含有膠原蛋白(成纖維細胞產生的一種結構蛋白)。
Collagen keeps our skin firm and it is usually arranged in a basket weave pattern.
膠原蛋白通常呈席紋狀排列，會使我們的皮膚緊緻。
Can I use this basket to keep my bags of chips?
我可以用這個籃子來裝我的幾包薯片嗎?
Please listen. When we get injured, our skin tissue gets damaged.
請仔細聽，當我們受傷時，我們的皮膚組織也會受傷。
So, in order to heal and close the wound, fibroblasts produce more collagen.
因此，為了使傷口癒合，成纖維細胞會產生更多的膠原蛋白。
But, instead of arranging in a basket weave pattern, the collagen cross links and aligns in a single direction.
但是，膠原蛋白並沒有像席紋狀那樣排列，而是在一個方向.上交叉連接和排列。
As a result, the injured area of the skin appears different from normal skin, thus causing a scar.
因此，受傷的皮膚看起來與正常皮膚不同，從而造成傷疤。
Why do our muscles get sore?
為什麼我們的肌肉會痠痛?
Because they want to go to a spa.
因為它們想去做水療(spa)。
No. When we begin to go to gym or perform a new intense physical workout, our muscles begin to feel sore the next morning.
不。當我們開始去健身房或進行-項新的高強度體育鍛煉時，第二天早上，我們的肌肉開始感到痠痛。
This soreness is called Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness or DOMS.
這種疼痛被稱為遲發性肌肉痠痛(DOMS) 。
DOMS occurs usually after eccentric contractions.
遲發性肌肉痠痛通常發生在離心收縮之後。
What does that even mean?
這到底是什麼意思?
When a muscle is lengthening and contracting at the same time, it is known as an eccentric contraction.
當肌肉同時伸展和收縮時，就是離心收縮。
For example, when we lower a dumbbell, our biceps muscle is slowly relaxing and lengthening.
例如，放下一個啞鈴時，我們的肱二頭肌會慢慢地放鬆和伸展。
But at the same time, it is still contracting to hold the heavy weight of the dumbbell.
但與此同時，它仍在收縮以支撐啞鈴的重量。
Similarly, in a squat, as we lower ourselves,our quadriceps muscle is lengthening.
同樣，蹲下時，我們的四頭肌也在伸展。
But at the same time, it is still contracting to hold our upper body weight.
但與此同時，它仍在收縮以支撐我們上半身的重量。
Such eccentric contractions generate tension in the muscles, creating minute tears in them,thus, causing the soreness or pain.
這種離心收縮會使肌肉緊張，產生輕微撕裂，從而引起痠痛或疼痛。
Can animals get a sunburn?
動物會被曬傷嗎?
Yes. Due to ultraviolet radiation of the sun,animals can also get sunburns. .
會的。由於太陽的紫外線輻射，動物也會被曬傷。
However, to protect themselves from the harmful radiation, different animals have different biological defenses.
然而，為了保護自己免受有害輻射，不同動物有不同的生物防禦。
For example, reptiles have scales, birds have feathers.
例如，爬行動物有鱗，鳥類有羽毛。
Animals like sheep, dogs and cats have fur or hair.
羊、狗和貓之類的動物有毛。
Sperm whales have a special protein, fin whales have more melanin, etc.
抹香鯨有-種特殊的蛋白質，長鬚鯨有更多的黑色素等。
Does anybody have Captain America's shield?
有人有美國隊長的盾牌嗎?
Please listen. Some animals even produce certain substances to protect themselves from the harmful radiation.
請仔細聽。- -些動物甚至分泌某些物質來保護自己免受有害輻射。
For example, hippopotamuses secrete a fluid made up of red and orange pigments.
例如，河馬分泌一種紅橙色素組成的液體。
Some fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds produce a chemical called gadusol.
-些魚類、兩棲動物、爬行動物和鳥類會分泌一-種名為gadusol的化學物質。
In addition to this, animals like rhincloceroses,elephants and pigs take mud baths.
另外，犀牛、大象和豬這樣的動物也會洗泥巴浴。
It is said that mud acts like a physical barrier between their skin and ultraviolet radiation,thus preventing them from getting sunburns.
據稱，在動物的皮膚和紫外線輻射之間，泥巴起到了物理屏障的作用，從而防止被曬傷。
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