數詞、量詞的使用詳解及練習

數詞和量詞是小學英語必須掌握的一類知識點,相信大家對數詞量詞並不陌生,但是不少同學還處懵懂的階段。那麼如何準確無誤的拿到數詞和量詞的分值呢,我們今天一起來學習一下吧!


最基本的基數詞

小學英語詞法 | 數詞、量詞的使用詳解及練習


一、基數詞的寫法 :


21~99的兩位數,十位與個位之間用連字符。

例:21 twenty - one

32 thirty - two

99 ninety – nine

注意:數字“0”可以讀作“zero”,也可以讀作字母“o”。


二、百位數:


個位數基數詞形式加“hundred”,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上and。

例:101 a hundred and one.

320 three hundred and twenty

648 six hundred and forty-eight


序數詞的構成

1. 一般來說,是由相應的基數詞加詞尾 th 構成。

例:four+ th —— fourth  six + th —— sixth

seven + th —— seventh  ten + th —— tenth

2. 下面這些基數詞在變為序數詞時,有特殊的變化。

例:one—— first two —— second

three —— third five —— fifth

eight —— eighth nine —— ninth

twelve —— twelfth

3. 十位整數序數詞的構成方法是將基數詞的詞 y 變成 i,然後再加 eth.

例:twenty —— twentieth thirty —— thirtieth

forty —— fortieth ninety —— ninetieth

4. 兩位或兩位以上的基數詞變為序數詞時,僅將個位數變成序數詞。

例:twenty –one —— twenty- first

thirty-five —— thirty-fifth

a hundred and fifty-three —— a hundred and fifty- third


基數詞變序數詞的口訣

基變序,有規律,詞尾加上th;

一、二、三,單獨記,

結尾字母 t, d, d;

八去t,九去e,ve要用f替;

整十基數變序數,

ty 將 y 變成 i ; th 前面有個 e;

要是遇到幾十幾,前用基來後用序。

量詞用法講解

量詞可以用於描述可數名詞比如 a herd of elephants (一群大象);也可以描述不可數名詞,比如 three pieces of paper (三張紙)。


一、描述一群...:量詞+群+of+名詞


一群人 a/an crowd/group/army/team/of people;

一群牛、象、馬、天鵝 a herd of cattle/elephants/horses/swans

一群鳥、鵝、母雞、羊、燕子 a flock of birds/geese/hens/goats/swallows

一群獵狗、狼 a pack of hounds/wolves


二、描述:一絲/點/層


一絲懷疑 a shadow of doubt

一線未來之光 a glimpse of future

一縷月光 a streak of moonlight

一層霜/雪/糖霜 a layer of frost/snow/cream


三、piece:塊;片;段;項;件;篇;首;幅;張


a piece of bread/paper/wood/furniture/land/advice/news/meat/cloth/music...


四、英譯“一陣”


一陣哭泣/喝彩/炮擊/雷聲

a burst of tears/cheers/gunfire/thunder

一陣淚雨/瓢潑大雨/誇誇其談

a flood of tears/rain/boasts


五、A pair of 在英語需要成雙成對的表達


a pair of glasses (一副眼鏡)

a pair of scissors (一把剪刀)

a pair of spectacles (一副眼鏡)

a pair of trousers (一條褲子)

a pair of pants (一條褲子)

a pair of pliers (一把剪鉗)


六、最常用英語量詞用法例舉


a drop of water 一滴水
a flood of moonlight 一片月光
a flood of light 一大片強光
a wisp of smoke 一縷煙/一股煙
a wisp of a smile 一絲微笑
a pane of glass 一塊玻璃
a beam of light 一束光線
a blade of grass 一片草葉
a block of wood 一塊木頭
a cube of sugar 一塊方糖
a roll of newspaper 一卷報紙
a bar of chocolate 一塊巧克力
a loaf of bread 一個麵包
a grain of rice 一粒米
a roll of bread 一塊麵包
a glimmer of hope 一線希望
a handful of corn 一把玉米
a handful of people 少數幾個人
an army of elephants 一群大象
a batch of dogs 一群狗
a brood of chicks 一群小雞
a hive of bees 一群蜜蜂
a host of monkeys 一群猴子
a school of fish 一群魚
a burst of laughter 一陣笑聲
a nice cup of tea 一杯好茶
a thin coat of ice 一層薄冰
a pair of glasses 一副眼鏡
a pair of scissors 一把剪刀
a pair of trousers 一條褲子


a pair of shoes 一雙鞋


七、有關食物的量詞圖解


小學英語詞法 | 數詞、量詞的使用詳解及練習

小學英語詞法 | 數詞、量詞的使用詳解及練習


小學英語詞法 | 數詞、量詞的使用詳解及練習

專項練習

知識點太多難掌握?

做一些題測試一下。


選擇題:

1. There are____ seasons in a year.

A. four B. fourth C. twelve D. twelfth

2. There are____ days in a year.

A. three hundred and sixteen-five

B. three hundreds and sixteen-five

C. three hundred and sixty-five

D. three hundreds and sixty-five

3. The____ Sunday in May is Mother's Day.

A. one B. first C. two D. second

4. Today is____ .

A. One May    B. May one

C. the first of May  D. the first May

5. — What time is it? — It's____ .

A. seventh    B. seventh o’clock

C. the seventh   D. seven o’clock

6. Owen was born____ .

A. in May, 1991    B. on May, 1991

C. in 1991, May   D. on 1991, May

7. —What is nine plus three? — It's____ .

A. three B. six C. twelve D. twenty-seven

8. —Lucy, what's the date today? —It's____ .

A. sunny   B. birthday

C. Sunday   D. December 24th

9. ____ of the students are boys in my class.

A. Three fifth   B. Third five

C. Three fifths  D. Three fives

10. Dinosaurs were huge animals. They lived____ years ago.

A. two millions   B. millions of

C. two millions of D. million of


參考答案:

1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. D

6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. B

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