Description
About half of all injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament occur along with damage to other structures in the knee, such as articular cartilage, meniscus, or other ligaments.
概述
前交叉韌帶損傷中約有一半與膝關節其他結構（如關節軟骨，半月板或其他韌帶）的損傷一起發生。
Injured ligaments are considered "sprains" and are graded on a severity scale.
Grade 1 Sprains. The ligament is mildly damaged in a Grade 1 Sprain. It has been slightly stretched, but is still able to help keep the knee joint stable.
Grade 2 Sprains. A Grade 2 Sprain stretches the ligament to the point where it becomes loose. This is often referred to as a partial tear of the ligament.
Grade 3 Sprains. This type of sprain is most commonly referred to as a complete tear of the ligament. The ligament has been split into two pieces, and the knee joint is unstable.
Partial tears of the anterior cruciate ligament are rare; most ACL injuries are complete or near complete tears.
受傷的韌帶常被認為是“扭傷”，並按嚴重程度分級。
1級扭傷：在一級扭傷中韌帶輕微損傷，它有輕微的拉伸，但仍然能夠幫助保持膝關節穩定。
2級扭傷：在二級扭傷中韌帶被拉伸到鬆弛的程度。通常被稱為韌帶的部分撕裂。
3級扭傷：這種類型的扭傷通常被稱為韌帶的完全撕裂。韌帶已經裂成兩部分，膝關節不穩定。
前交叉韌帶部分撕裂少見; 大多數ACL損傷是完全或接近完全撕裂。
Cause
The anterior cruciate ligament can be injured in several ways:
- Changing direction rapidly
- Stopping suddenly
- Slowing down while running
- Landing from a jump incorrectly
- Direct contact or collision, such as a football tackle
Several studies have shown that female athletes have a higher incidence of ACL injury than male athletes in certain sports. It has been proposed that this is due to differences in physical conditioning, muscular strength, and neuromuscular control. Other suggested causes include differences in pelvis and lower extremity (leg) alignment, increased looseness in ligaments, and the effects of estrogen on ligament properties.
原因
前交叉韌帶有幾種損傷方式:
- 迅速改變方向
- 突然停止
- 跑步時減速
- 跳躍落地不正確
- 直接接觸或碰撞，如足球剷球
多項研究表明，在某些運動項目中，女運動員ACL損傷的發生率高於男運動員。這是由於不同的身體條件，肌肉力量和神經肌肉控制上的差異所致，其他可能的原因包括骨盆和下肢的對齊方式不同，韌帶鬆弛度增加，以及雌激素對韌帶性能的影響。
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