「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

來加拿大20年,大叔的口語從剛開始的完全懵圈到現在能比較自如地和當地人“倒倒漿糊”,也算是進步不小,雖然現在還時常被女兒“譏笑”。最深刻的體會就是老外在口語中其實用詞非常簡單,就那麼些詞翻來覆去,各種搭配,單個詞拆開都認識,拼在一起就傻眼。

今天我們就來學一學Do和Make這兩個最簡單的詞。它們到底區別在哪裡?怎麼用?

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

Do和Make的基本區別

很多時候,我們搞不清楚Do和Make這兩個詞,從字典上看,它們都可以表示“做”的意思,但是在英語中用法卻不一樣,看下面這個例子:

我們為什麼說“do exercise”而不是“make exercise”;我們為什麼說“make a mistake”而不是說“do a mistake”?

它們的區別主要是:

  • Do用來表示動作、執行和重複性的勞動;
  • Make通常是指創造或生產某樣東西,和你選擇去做的某個動作;
  • Do強調你所做的動作本身;而Make通常表示你所做的結果。比如你“make breakfast”,你得到的是幾個小薄餅和煎雞蛋;你“make a suggestion”是指你給出你的建議。

Do的常用英語搭配

家務

  1. do the housework(做家務)

After I got home from the office, I was too tired to do the housework.(下班回到家,我太累了真不想做家務。)

  1. do the laundry(洗衣服)

I really need to do the laundry – I don’t have any clean clothes left!(我得趕緊去洗衣服了,已經沒幹淨衣服換了。)

  1. do the dishes(洗碗)你也可以說“wash the dishes”

I’ll make dinner if you do the dishes afterwards.(如果吃完飯你洗碗的話,我就去做飯。)

  1. do the shopping(購物)

I went to the bank, did some shopping, and mailed a package at the post office.(我去了銀行,買了些東西,然後去郵局寄了個包裹。)

但是整理床鋪要說“make the bed”而不是“do the bed”,因為整理床鋪指的是把被子疊好,床單鋪好,枕頭放在合適的位置讓你的床看起來乾淨整潔,所以你看到的是結果。

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

學習和工作

  1. do work(做工作或者幹活)

I can’t go out this weekend – I have to do some work on an extra project.

(這週末我哪兒也去不了,因為有個額外的項目要做。)

  1. do homework(做作業)

You can’t watch any TV until you’ve done your homework.

(做完作業才能看電視。)

  1. do business(做生意)

We do business with clients in fifteen countries.

(我們公司跟15個國家的客戶有生意往來。)

  1. do a good/great/terrible job(事情做得很好/很爛)

She did a good job organizing the party.

(她把這次的party組織得非常好。“job” 這個詞在這裡並不是特指工作,它只是表示你所做的任何事情)

  1. do a report(做一個報告,也可以說write a report)

I’m doing a report on the history of American foreign policy.

(我正在整理一個關於美國外交政策的報告。)

  1. do a course(學一門課,也可以說take a course)

We’re doing a course at the local university.

(我們在本地的大學學了一門課。)

照顧好自己身體

  1. do exercise(鍛鍊健身)

I do at least half an hour of exercise every day.(我每天至少鍛鍊半個小時。)

  1. do your hair(做頭髮,做髮型,相當於style your hair)

I’ll be ready to go in 15 minutes – I just need to do my hair.(我還要15分鐘弄一下我的頭髮。)

  1. do your nails(美甲,相當於paint your nails)

Can you open this envelope for me? I just did my nails and they’re still wet.(你能幫我打開這個信封嗎?我剛做了美甲,現在還沒幹。)

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

一般常用的Do短語

  1. do anything / something / everything / nothing(做任何事,做點事,事必躬親,無所事事)

Are you doing anything special for your birthday?(你生日有什麼特殊的慶祝活動?)

You can’t do everything by yourself – let me help you.(你不可能什麼事都自己做,我來幫你吧。)

  1. do well(還不錯)

I think I did pretty well in the interview.(我覺得這次面試我做的挺不錯的。)

  1. do badly(一塌糊塗)

Everyone did badly on the test – the highest grade was 68.(這次考試大家都考的不好,最高才68分。)

  1. do good(做好事,做有用的事)

The non-profit organization has done a lot of good in the community.(這個非盈利機構為整個社區做了很多好事。)

  1. do the right thing(做正確的事)

When I found someone’s wallet on the sidewalk, I turned it in to the police because I wanted to do the right thing.(我在路邊撿到個錢包,我把它交給了經常,因為我覺得這是正確的事。)

  1. do your best(盡最大的努力)

Don’t worry about getting everything perfect – just do your best.(盡你自己最大的努力就好,不要想事事都做到完美。)

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

Make的常用英語搭配

食物

  1. make breakfast/lunch/dinner(做早餐/午餐/晚餐)

I’m making dinner – it’ll be ready in about ten minutes.(我在準備晚飯,大概還要10分鐘。)

  1. make a sandwich(做一個三明治)

Could you make me a turkey sandwich?(你能幫我做一個火雞三明治嗎?)

  1. make a salad(做色拉)

I made a salad for the family picnic.(家裡的野餐,我拌了一個色拉。)

  1. make a cup of tea(泡一杯茶)

Would you like me to make you a cup of tea?(要我給你泡杯茶嗎?)

  1. make a reservation(訂位)

I’ve made a reservation for 7:30 at our favorite restaurant.(我在我們最喜歡的飯店訂了個位,7點半。)

金錢

  1. make money(掙錢)

I enjoy my job, but I don’t make very much money.(我喜歡我的工作但工資不高。)

  1. make a profit(賺錢,有利潤)

The new company made a profit within its first year.(這個新的公司第一年就開始賺錢了。)

  1. make a fortune(發財,發了財)

He made a fortune after his book hit #1 on the bestseller list.(他寫的書在最佳銷量榜上排第一,他發財了。)

  1. make $_______(賺了多少錢)

I made $250 selling my old CDs on the internet.(我在網上賣我的老CD賺了250塊。)

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

人際關係

  1. make friends(交朋友)

It’s hard to make friends when you move to a big city.(當你搬到一個大城市後很難交到朋友。)

  1. make love (做愛,相當於have sex)

The newlyweds made love on the beach during their honeymoon.(這對新婚夫妻度蜜月的時候在海灘上做愛。)

  1. make a pass at(和某人調情,相當於flirt with someone)

My best friend’s brother made a pass at me – he asked if I was single and tried to get my phone number.(我閨蜜的哥哥居然和我調情,他問我是不是單身還想問我要電話號碼。)

  1. make fun of someone(取笑某人,相當於tease/mock someone)

The other kids made fun of Jimmy when he got glasses, calling him “four eyes.”(那些孩子取笑帶了眼鏡的Jimmy,叫他“四眼仔”。)

  1. make up(彌補,和解,和好,相當於resolve a problem in a relationship)

Karen and Jennifer made up after the big fight they had last week.(Karen和Jennifer上禮拜大吵一頓後,現在又和好了。)

交流溝通

  1. make a phone call(打電話)

Please excuse me – I need to make a phone call.(抱歉,我得去打個電話。)

  1. make a joke(開玩笑)

He made a joke, but it wasn’t very funny and no one laughed.(他開了玩笑,但真的不是很好笑,所有的人都沒笑。)

  1. make a point(提出一個觀點或建議)

Dana made some good points during the meeting; I think we should consider her ideas.(Dana在會議上提出了幾個很好的觀點,我覺得我們應該考慮一下。)

  1. make a bet(打一個賭)

I made a bet with Peter to see who could do more push-ups.(我和Peter打賭誰能做更多的俯臥撐。)

  1. make a complaint(投訴)

We made a complaint with our internet provider about their terrible service, but we still haven’t heard back from them.(我們投訴了網絡供應商的服務糟透了,但還沒得到迴音。)

  1. make a confession(承認)

I need to make a confession: I was the one who ate the last piece of cake.(我得承認我吃了最後那一片披薩。)

  1. make a speech(作演講)

The company president made a speech about ethics in the workplace.(公司的大頭針對辦公室的規章制度做了個演講。)

  1. make a suggestion(提一個建議)

Can I make a suggestion? I think you should cut your hair shorter – it’d look great on you!(我能提個建議嗎?我覺得你剪短髮更好。)

  1. make a prediction(作出一個預測)

It’s difficult to make any predictions about the future of the economy.(很難預測未來的經濟情況。)

  1. make an excuse(找一個藉口)

When I asked him if he’d finished the work, he started making excuses about how he was too busy.(當我問他是不是完成了他的工作,他開始找藉口說他怎麼怎麼忙。)

  1. make a promise(作出一個承諾,相當於promise)

I made a promise to help her whenever she needs it.(我答應她無論什麼時候她需要幫助,我就會出現。)

  1. make a fuss(大驚小怪相當於demonstrate annoyance)

Stop making a fuss – he’s only late a couple minutes. I’m sure he’ll be here soon.(別大驚小怪的,他只是遲到了兩分鐘,我確信他馬上就到了。)

  1. make an observation(觀察)

I’d like to make an observation about our business plan – it’s not set in stone, so we can be flexible.(我會一直關注我們的生意計劃,它並不是一塵不變的,我們可以隨時做調整。)

  1. make a comment(批註)

The teacher made a few critical comments on my essay.(老師給我的作文提了很多批評意見。)

注意,不過千萬不要說“make a question”,正確的說法是“ask a question”

「英語學習」60個常用搭配告訴你Do和Make的區別在哪兒?

計劃進展

  1. make plans(制定計劃)

We’re making plans to travel to Australia next year.(我們在做一個明年去澳大利亞的旅行計劃。)

  1. make a decision/choice(做一個決定/選擇)

I’ve made my decision – I’m going to go to New York University, not Boston University.(我決定去紐約大學,不去波士頓大學。)

  1. make a mistake(犯了個錯)

You made a few mistakes in your calculations – the correct total is $5430, not $4530.(你的計算中有蠻多的錯誤,正確的總金額是5430塊,不是4530塊。)

  1. make progress(有進展)

My students are making good progress. Their spoken English is improving a lot.(我的學生進步挺快的,他們的英語口語有了很大的提高。)

  1. make an attempt / effort(嘗試,相當於try)

I’m making an effort to stop smoking this year.(今年我要戒菸。)

  1. make up your mind(做決定)

Should I buy a desktop or a laptop computer? I can’t make up my mind.(我不知道該買臺式機還是手提電腦。)

  1. make a discovery(有發現)

Scientists have made an important discovery in the area of genetics.(科學家在基因領域有了重大發現。)

  1. make a list(列個清單)

I’m making a list of everything we need for the wedding: invitations, decorations, a cake, a band, the dress…(我正在列一個婚禮的清單,請柬,裝飾,蛋糕,樂隊,婚紗等等)

  1. make sure(確定,相當於confirm)

Can you make sure we have enough copies of the report for everybody at the meeting?(你確定開會的每個人都有一份報告嗎?)

  1. make a difference(有區別)

Getting eight hours of sleep makes a big difference in my day. I have more energy!(能睡8個小時真的有很大區別,我現在精力充沛。)

  1. make an exception(破例)

Normally the teacher doesn’t accept late homework, but she made an exception for me because my backpack was stolen with my homework inside it.(一般來說老師不會接受晚交的作業,不過因為我的書包連同作業一起被偷了,所以她破例讓我晚一點交了作業。)

【結語】希望這篇文章能讓大家熟練掌握Do和Make的用法以及記住這些固定的短語搭配,學到原汁原味的英語。歡迎關注 ,分享英語學習經驗和加拿大留學的最新資訊。


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