Nakamata日式糖果店位於日本群馬縣前橋市的Chuo-dori購物街上，由建築事務所Schemata Architects設計。項目基地是一個兩層高的鞋店兼住宅的舊址，在豎直方向上被夾在了拱廊天橋和人行道之間，在水平方向上被夾在了基地兩側的建成建築之間。原建築僅有臨街立面可見，只有進入室內才能感受到空間的進深。
因此，設計團隊將原有的鞋店兼住宅建築拆除，建立了本項目中這座全新的日式糖果店。項目基地的左側是由建築師Ryuji Nakamura設計的意大利麵餐廳，右側則是即將落成的由建築師Fumiko Takahama設計的日式炸豬排餐廳。
We designed a newly opened Japanese confectionary store “Nakamata” along the Chuo-dori shopping street in Maebashi, Gunma Prefecture. Originally, a two-story shoe store and residence fully occupied this site. The building, flanked by buildings on both sides and sandwiched between the arcade and pavement at the top and bottom, had only one facade visible to the street and one could perceive the depth of the building only in the interior.
We demolished the existing buildings to build a new store. The building on the left is a pasta restaurant designed by architect Ryuji Nakamura, and a new tonkatsu (Japanese pork cutlet) restaurant designed by architect Fumiko Takahama will be built on the right soon.
▼糖果店外觀概覽，exterior overview of the confectionary store ©Shinya Kigure
與日本其他城市中的購物街一樣，Chuo-dori購物街上的大多數臨街店面都已經關門歇業，致使Chuo-dori購物街面臨著變成“百葉窗一條街”的危險。即使是在白天，這裡也人流稀少，目之所及之處盡是荒涼。為了防止購物街進一步衰敗，在出生於前橋市的企業家Jin Tanaka的推動下，一個名為“前橋市機械工業協會（Maebashi Machinaka Agency）”的組織正式成立。該組織旨在將前橋市民與物聯網聯繫起來，從而推動商業活動的發展，本項目便是其中之一。然而實際上，購物街衰敗的嚴重程度超乎了人們的想象，在本項目啟動兩年後，歇業商店的數量似乎仍在增加。
因為一般的日式糖果店並不需要在店內設置就餐空間，所以與基地面積相比，商店空間的佔地面積就顯得微不足道了。這就意味著本項目會產生許多額外的空間。於是設計團隊就開始構思，如何才能通過“額外的空間體量”來回饋城市。
This shopping street, like other shopping streets in regional cities throughout Japan, was facing the danger of becoming a “shutter street” where most storefronts are closed for business. There are few passers-by even during the day and vacant lots are spotted here and there. Driven by a strong desire to stop the decline of the shopping street, entrepreneur Jin Tanaka, who was born in Maebashi, facilitated the establishment of “Maebashi Machinaka Agency”, an organization promoting networking of people and things in Maebashi, and several projects, including the Nakamata project we worked on, were launched at the same time. However, the “shutter-street” issue is very serious and “shuttered” stores seem to be still increasing two years after the project started.
Because a Japanese confectionary store does not need an eating area for customers, the required floor area of the store was very small in proportion to the site area, which means we have a large excess volume on the site. The key to designing this project would be how to use the “excess volume” in order to give back to the city.
▼糖果店街景，street view of the confectionary store ©Shinya Kigure
考慮到這座城市的未來，設計團隊認為一味地回望過去並試圖恢復購物街昔日的繁忙景象是不切實際的，電影“永遠的三丁目的夕陽（Always: Sunset on Third Street）”的中所展示的日本昭和時期的街景盛況在這個人口減少的時代裡也難以再次出現。因此，我們需要為即將到來的新時代提出一個“購物街街景圖”的全新構想。為了實現這一目標，設計團隊首先自然觀察調研了一個客流量較多的郊區購物中心。雖然購物中心的興起是購物街衰敗的主要原因之一，但我們仍能從中提煉出人們對於商業空間的喜好。
實際上，購物中心與互聯網世界是相互平行的。在購物中心裡，所有的商品都被集中在了一個可達的範圍之內，因此顧客可以看到並親身試用他們心儀的物品，但互聯網在庫存量、速度和商品類別等方面的優勢也不容小覷。此外，隨著時代的發展，我們的交通越來越發達，導航系統可以帶著人們去往任何他們想去的地方；同時鑑於城市空地逐漸增加，停車也不再是一個令人頭疼不已的難題。但是相對地，如今的人們可以也可以隨時在互聯網頁面上修改購物車，增減自己所需商品的數量，這種便利性對“在購物中心可以親身體驗某件商品”這種優勢也有著不小的衝擊性。綜合以上的分析，設計團隊在本案中提出了一種全新且獨特的商業空間。
▼糖果店由幾個分散的體量構成，the confectionary store consists of scattered volumes ©Shinya Kigure
Considering the future of this city, it is not realistic to look back to the past and try to restore a lively and bustling atmosphere on this shopping street–– like the streetscapes during the economic miracle in the Showa period of Japan as shown in the movie “Always: Sunset on Third Street”––in our depopulating society. We needed to come up with a new “shopping street-scape” for the coming era. For a start, we went to observe a suburban shopping mall attracting many customers ––one of the major causes of the decline of shopping streets––and speculated what kind of customer discontent might arise there in near future.
A shopping mall is equivalent to the internet world where “expected” things exist in an “easy-to-understand” way. Such a “prescribed” way of shopping at a shopping mall has and an advantage of offering customers opportunities to see and try actual products they want, but the internet shopping is superior in terms of the amount of stocks, speed, and wide range of distribution area. In addition, the automobile society is going through drastic changes. The automobile navigation system can take you anywhere and it is easy to spot a place to park a car due to increasing vacant lots in the city. Today each internet user can re-edit his/her experiences by re-editing information on the interface, which means that the actual experience at a shopping mall may not be so advantageous. I thought that this small building would be able to show a way to welcome people unsatisfied with such “prescribed” experiences and offer unique experiences in the city––even if it may sound too grand for a small store––and we explored the best way as we designed.
▼糖果店的廚房兼售賣空間，the kitchen and selling space of the confectionary store ©Shinya Kigure
▼廚房體量的臺階可作為公共休息空間，the base of the kitchen volume can serve as the public seating area ©Shinya Kigure
在這個城市中，存在著許多與購物街相平行的歷史空間層。因此設計團隊決定創造一條垂直於這些歷史層的通路以增加城市的歷史縱深感，同時通過擴大建築的可見表面來提高顧客對商業空間的期待。換句話說，設計團隊決定通過減小建築體量規模的方法來創造一種空間的深度。這種空間上的減法不僅可以展示出購物街中閒置空間的潛力，更能給那些希望在這裡開設小商店的人們帶去希望。
▼臨街售賣空間，the street front selling space ©Shinya Kigure
▼臨街售賣空間細節，details of the street front selling space ©Shinya Kigure
Different historic layers exist parallel to the shopping street, and we created a path extending perpendicular to these layers to add a sense of depth in the city and enhance customers’ expectations by increasing the surface area of the building. In other words, we decided to use the “reduced” building volume to create the spatial depth. Our challenge of designing a “reduction” on this site shows potential of a vacant lot along the shopping street and may give hope to those who are interested in opening small stores here.
▼通透的廚房空間，the transparent kitchen ©Shinya Kigure
根據前橋市機械工業協會所制定的設計規範，商店的外牆使用磚來搭建。本項目的有趣之處在於，設計團隊可以一邊控制兩側磚石體量的施工速度，一邊進行設計。在項目過程中，他們不僅考慮瞭如何在基地的兩側搭建磚石體量，還研究了磚石體量的堆疊方式：先建造一個較大的體量，再將其分為兩個部分，隨後開始在這兩個體量上做減法，在縮小體積的同時不僅呼應了周邊的建築環境，更突出了磚石體量之間的室外空隙空間。可以說，雖然本項目是要建造一座新商店，但它卻“減少”了購物街上的商品。儘管這座建築是組成購物街視覺序列的一部分，但它在室內外都創造出了一種垂直於街道的空間縱深感。設計團隊希望通過在三維空間上對購物街進行擴展，來創造一個能夠提高顧客購物期待的地方。
The design code established by Maebashi Machinaka Agency required the use of bricks on the building exterior. The interesting part of this project was that we were able to design while checking the progress of the projects on both sides. We imagined how they would stack bricks on both sides and studied how to stack our bricks in various patterns––making a large stack like them, dividing it in two, and reducing each volume––in relation to the neighboring buildings, while paying attention to enhancing “void” spaces between the brick stacks. This project was about designing a new store, yet we could say it was also about designing “reduction” on the shopping street. While this building comprises part of a visual sequence of the shopping street, it creates spatial depth perpendicular to the street not only in the interior and but also the exterior. We intended to create a place enhancing customers’ expectations by expanding the shopping street three dimensionally.
▼商店被分為數個分散的體量，預留出室外閒置空間，採用磚牆飾面，the confectionary store is divided into several scattered spaces with void space, using bricks on the building exterior facades and floors ©Shinya Kigure
前橋市機械工業協會所制定的設計規範的另一個要求是要在基地上種植樹木。因此，設計團隊在空隙空間中種植了三棵小樹。同時，隨著樹木的生長，其周邊的磚塊會不斷被移除，以擴大其土壤面積。考慮到這些獨特的細節，建築師並沒有使用水泥砂漿來對磚石地面進行填縫，而是在磚石之間預留出深槽，一方面突出磚石的堅固性，另一方面強調光影之間的對比效果。隨後，設計團隊將這種材料連接方式延續到了豎直的牆體上，使得商店的建築特色更加明顯。
▼在空隙空間的磚石地面上種植小樹，planting three small trees in the “void” space covered by bricks ©Shinya Kigure
▼磚牆面上爬有綠植，the vegetation grows along the brick wall ©Shinya Kigure
Another design code requirement is to plant trees on the site. We planted three small trees in the “void” space and designed in such a way that bricks around the trees will be removed along with the growth of each tree and the soil area will gradually increase. Considering such unique details, we did not fill in brick joints with mortar and left them as deep grooves to emphasize the solidity of bricks and highlight the contrast between light and shadow. We used this joint detail not only on the floor but also on vertical stacks to create a distinct brick appearance.
▼糖果店夜景，night view of the confectionary store ©Shinya Kigure
▼平面圖，floor plan ©Schemata Architects
▼立面圖，elevation ©Schemata Architects
▼剖面圖，section ©Schemata Architects
title: Nakamata (Maebashi Design Project)architect: Jo Nagasaka / Schemata Architectsproject team: Takuya Sakamotostructural engineer: TECTONICA INC.address: 2-7-21 Chiyoda-machi Maebashi-shi Gunma Japanusage: Japanese confectionary storeconstruction: Miyashita Kogyocollaboration:Maebashi Machinaka Agency (coordinate), HOSHIZAKI TOKYO CO.,LTD (kitchen), SOLSO (plant), neu furniture works (furniture)floors: 2 storiessite area: 108.32m2building area: 33.82m2total floor area: 51.82m2 (1st floor 27.50m2/2nd floor 24.32m2)structure: steelcompletion: 7/2018open: 8/2018photo: Shinya Kigure
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