語法精講|不定式用作表語

不定式用作表語

Her wish was to become a teacher.她的願望是當個教師。

The most difficult thing in life is to know yourself.(Thales)人生最難是自知。

To know everything is to know nothing.樣樣都懂,樣樣稀鬆。

There are two tragedies in life.One is not to get your heart's desire.The other is to get it.(G.B.Shaw)人生有兩種悲劇:一種是得不到你想要的東西,另一種是得到了你想要的東西。

To enlarge or illustrate this power and effect of love is to set a candle in the sun.(Robert Burton)用筆墨敘述愛情的這種力量和影響,無異於在陽光下點燃一支蠟燭。

What we want is to learn from practice.我們需要的是向實踐學習。

帶wh-疑問詞的不定式短語可作表語。

例如:

Our difficulty is where to find a guide.我們的困難是到哪裡去找嚮導。

用介詞for引出不定式的邏輯主語的不定式複合結構,可作表語;這時,句中的主語是不定式的邏輯賓語。

例如:

This form is for you to fill(in).這張表格由你來填寫。

A lecture on high-energy physics will be for Professor Bryce to deliver.高能物理演講將由布賴斯教授來做。

在用不定式作表語的句子中,系動詞除be外,還有seem, happen, appear, get, pretend等。

例如:

He seems(appears)to be living in the area.他似乎是住在這個地區。

He appears to have caught cold.他似乎是傷風了。

She pretended not to see him.她裝作沒看見他。

句中如果主語部分有實義動詞do的各種形式,作表語的不定式實際上是do的引申,即表示do所做的內容,這時不定式可省略to。

例如:

The least I can do is(to)write to you.我至少能做到的是給你寫信。

What the plan does is(to)ensure a fair pension for all.實施這項計劃就是保證給所有的人一筆可觀的救濟金。

The only thing I can do now is go on by myself.我現在唯一能做的事就是自己繼續進行下去。


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