Just like the song in the bronze stove song, "sigh again and again, and pity your different camels. It is a record of the historical testimony of the Ming Dynasty. In addition, it can be seen from the Mao Xiang's "Yingmeian Analects" that the Xuan bronze stove also reposes the feelings of Mao Xiang's missing concubine Dong Xiaowan. To Xiangxiang, a bronze furnace not only reminds him of the Ming Dynasty's homeland, but also reminds him of Dong Xiaowan.
The bronze culture of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dansheng in China has been the peak of Chinese copper culture. Unfortunately, the end of Han Dynasty was replaced by the later porcelain culture.
青铜器作为人类早期文明，辉煌至极。影响后世：大凡典、章、彝器事，言必上三代。石器时代晚期，人类发现了青铜，且以“范”铸造成器，其萌芽应为夏晚期，成熟于商、周，经春秋、战国、秦、汉，历时千余年后，日趋衰微。社会之进步，生产力之发展，中国人站在“四大发明”之巅时，却依然留恋青铜文化之恢宏，以致唐、宋、元、明、清以来，百工兴旺，瓷器、铁器、景泰蓝、黄铜器、竹、木、牙雕器等得以发达，却依然沿袭青铜文化之型制、纹饰等继承中创新。可见，青铜文化对中国文化影响根深蒂固。中国人怀旧寻根之民族习性，成就了继往开来之传统。于是，宋以降，资本主义萌芽在这片文明国土上根植后，明代郑和携大国之威风，驾浩荡之商船，远播中华文明，使诸夷朝贡。暹罗国那灿若黄金之铜进贡给宣德皇帝后，便续燃了宣德皇帝青铜文化之情节，将所贡三万斤黄铜精炼，统统仿古，制成礼器，以取代早已残破的青铜礼器，亦为各厅、堂、斋、室、庙堂、寺院铸造香炉等实用佳器——“宣德炉”即应运而生，盛传于世，经久不衰。 Bronze ware, as the early civilization of mankind, is magnificent. It will affect the later generation: there will be three generations in terms of Scripture, chapter and Yi. In the late period of the stone age, the human discovery of bronze, and the "fan" casting, its germination should be in the late summer, mature in Shang and Zhou, after spring and autumn, Warring States, Qin, Han, after more than a thousand years, gradually decline. The progress of the society and the development of the productive forces, when the Chinese stood at the top of the "four great inventions", still linger on the magnificent bronze culture, so that the Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties had flourished, and porcelain, iron, cloisonne, brass, bamboo, wood, and carvings were sent, but still inherited the bronze culture. Innovation in inheritance, such as ornamentation. It can be seen that the influence of bronze culture on Chinese culture is deep-rooted. The Chinese people's nostalgia for their roots and their national habits have achieved the tradition of carrying forward the future. As a result, after the fall of song and the root of the capitalist sprout on this civilized land, the Ming Dynasty Zheng He carried the power of the great powers, drove the merchant ship, broadcast the Chinese civilization and made the tribute to the Yi people. After giving tribute to Emperor Xuan De of the gold of the state of Siam, he continued to ignite the plot of the bronze culture of the emperor of the Xuan De, to refine the thirty thousand jin of brass, to make all the antique, to replace the long broken bronze ritual, and to make a useful tool for the casting of the incense stove, such as "Xuan de", for the hall, the hall, the Ramadan, the room, the temple, the temple and the temple. "Furnace" came into being, spread throughout the world, enduring.
在明、清制造之大量黄铜器中，能以皇帝年号命名且成器者，非宣德炉莫属（首批铸造之黄铜成器，大多为仿青铜器之礼器）。 据相关记载，宣德三年首批成炉一万八千件许，其后加铸补鋳若干。后经“十厄”（十次熔炉铸钱，中国古代黄铜为钱），至今所存无几，以至于真宣之辩，始无定论。宣炉之型制，传约百余，实则四十余种，常见者，十余种也。
据历史记载，宣德三年，皇帝下旨铸铜炉，合计一万八千余件，现竟然失落得几乎无迹可寻，就连台湾的故宫博物院，也仅收藏了四座。其实，当时宣炉除了供御用外，也用来分赐给诸王、臣下及京内各郊祭坛，甚至于各地的闻名寺院，分布得非常广泛，然而在改朝换代之际，许多宣炉（包括后仿炉和私款炉），不但失散了，甚至于销毁，至今宣炉已成为可遇不可求的珍品，后仿炉、私款炉亦珍贵。原因是宣炉在短短的四五百年间遭到了多种劫难。
一、崇祯铸钱
崇祯是明朝最后一朝，内优外患，连年战争，国库空虚，崇祯曾将内府库藏的历代各种铜器，全数发给宝源局，拿去熔铸钱币，其中包括上古三代及宣德年间的铜器。
二、咸丰铸钱
清代咸丰年，亦是内忧外患，连年战争，国库空虚，为了发行钱币，不惜把皇宫、内廷保存的各种铜器（包括皇室历代旧藏的铜炉、薰炉、铜龟鹤等）毁掉用以铸钱。
三、抗日战争
战争时期，日本人做枪炮缺乏铜料。于是在我国各地搜集铜器，熔化后改做枪炮。如北京大慧寺内正殿原有高达十几米的铜观音像，在民国时期被日本人毁掉，换成了木制观音像即是一例。
四、民间所藏铜炉的三次大劫难
第一次是在1950～1953年抗美援朝时，战争需要大量的枪炮弹药，便发动民间收集“旧铜”，从各地所收集来的旧铜器中，自然有不少的铜炉。
第二次，1958年大跃进大炼钢铁时，全民征集铜铁，老百姓家里的铜器，如铜盆、铜锅、铜勺、铜炉等都贡献出来了。
第三次，是在1966～1976年的文化大革命中，各种古旧铜器，包括铜炉，自然作为迷信品“破四旧”被收集到铜材厂熔掉。虽然后来经文物部门拣选出不少，但已被熔化的自然也不在少数。这是建国后三次铜炉大劫难。
五、销洋庄
几十年来东西方的海外买家都大谈考古学，争相购买明清铜炉，然而有些人只会要求铜质精美，却不懂欣赏皮色的美丽，一些商人为了迎合买家，竟把旧炉磨成崭新的炉，破坏了不少好炉子。
六、敷色
有些玩家专门讲究炉色的绚烂，于是一些商人又将色皮剥蚀晦暗的旧炉，重新敷上色皮，破坏了原炉的美。
七、凿底
有些好炉，往往厚重，一些世俗的人怀疑是纯金铸造，就凿底部来化验，破坏了炉。或有部分铜炉的炉身镀了数量相当可观的黄金，人为地“杀鸡取卵”。
正因为明清铜炉历史上经历诸多劫难，损失惨重，造成今日真宣德炉已成凤毛麟角，后仿炉和私款炉亦成为珍罕的历文物辉煌至极之铜文化，在断档一千多年后，再度为宣德皇帝续写。宣德炉以其选料上乘，制作精良，型制优雅，皮色绝妙，落款蕴广等文明集萃，名噪至今。
In the large number of brass devices made in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they can be named after the year of the emperor and the adult, the non Xuan German furnace (the first cast brass set, most of the bronze imitates). According to the relevant records, the first batch of eighteen thousand pieces of Xu Cheng was made in the third year. After the "ten misfortunes" (ten smelting stoves for money, ancient Chinese brass for money), so far there is little deposit, so that the debate between the truth and the proclamation is not final. There are more than forty kinds of Xuan style system, and more than forty species are common.
According to historical records, in the three years of Xuan De, the emperor ordered a copper furnace with a total of more than ten thousand and 8000 pieces, and the loss was almost no trace. Even the the Imperial Palace Museum in Taiwan has also collected only four. In fact, at that time, in addition to the use of the imperial court, the Xuan furnace was also given to the kings, subjects and the suburban altars in the Beijing, and even the famous monasteries in various places were widely distributed. However, during the change of dynasties, many of the Xuan furnaces (including the post furnace and private furnaces) were not only lost, but also destroyed, so far, the Xuan furnace has become an encounter. After the treasures that cannot be sought, the imitation furnace and the private stove are also valuable. The reason is that Xuan furnace suffered many kinds of disasters in a short span of four hundred or five hundred years.
One, Chong Zhen casting money
Chong Zhen was the last dynasty of the Ming Dynasty, the internal superiority foreign patient, the successive years of war, the State Treasury empty, the Chong Zhen once sent all the various bronze vessels of the inner Treasury to the Bao Yuan bureau to melt and cast the coins, including the bronze of the three generations of the ancient times and the period of the Xuan de.
Two, Xianfeng cast money
In the years of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, it was also an internal trouble, a year of war, and the empty Treasury. In order to issue money, the coins were destroyed by the Imperial Palace and the inner court, including the bronze furnaces, the fumigating furnaces, the copper turtle and the crane.
Three, the war of resistance against Japan
During the war, the Japanese were short of copper for guns. So we collected bronze ware in various parts of our country and changed them into guns after melting. For example, the original bronze Guanyin statue, which was more than ten meters high, was destroyed by the Japanese in the period of the Republic of China.
Four, the three great calamity of the copper stove in the folk
For the first time, during the 1950~1953 years of anti American aggression and aid Korea, the war needed a lot of gun and ammunition, and the folk collection of "old copper" was launched. In the old bronze vessels collected from all over the country, there were a lot of copper furnaces.
The second time, when the great leap forward in 1958, the whole people collected copper and iron, and the bronze vessels of the people's homes, such as copper pot, copper pot, copper spoon, copper furnace and so on, have all contributed.
The third time, in the 1966~1976 year of the cultural revolution, all kinds of old and old copper, including copper furnace, natural as a superstition "broken four old" was collected to the copper factory melted. Although many of them were picked out by the cultural relics department, there were not a few of them that had been melted. This was the three time after the founding of the people's Republic of China.
Five, pin Yang Zhuang
For decades, overseas buyers in the East and West talked about archaeology and bought a copper stove in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, some people only asked for the fine copper, but did not understand the beauty of the leather. In order to cater to the buyers, some businessmen have grind the old furnace into a brand new furnace and have destroyed many good furnaces.
Six. Apply color
Some players pay special attention to the gorgeous stove color, so some merchants will be color skin stripping dull old stove, re-coated color skin, destroyed the original beauty.
Seven. The bottom of the chisel
Some good furnaces are often thick and heavy. Some worldly people suspect that they are pure gold casting. They chisel the bottom to test and destroy the stove. Some of the copper furnaces have been plated with considerable quantities of gold, artificially killing the birds and laying eggs.
Because of the history of the copper furnace in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has experienced a lot of difficulties and heavy losses, resulting in the fact that the genuine Xuan de furnace has become rare today. The post furnace and the private furnace have also become the most splendid copper culture of the rare historical relics. After one thousand years of breaking up, the emperor continued to write to the emperor. Xuande Furnace is famous for its excellent material selection, excellent production, elegant shape, excellent skin color, wide range of articles and other civilizations.
宣德炉名气盛，诞生至今几六百年间，多有仿制。明中晚期、清早期所仿之炉，品质较高，佳器较多。清中之后，仿量虽大，然重利轻质，佳器极少。当以清中以前之佳器，赏玩投资皆可矣。
Xuan de stove is famous for its popularity. Since its birth, it has been copied for several hundred years. In the middle and late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the furnace was characterized by higher quality and better appliances. After the Qing Dynasty, the amount of imitation was large, but heavy and light. When we use the good tools in the Qing Dynasty, we can enjoy investment.
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