Color our World with Words
用顏色詞把生活天地點綴得五彩繽紛
yòng yán sè cí bǎ shēng huó tiān dì diǎn zhuì dé wǔ cǎi bīn fēn
林麗芳
lín lì fāng
Claude Monet, the French, cried, “Color is my day-long obsession, joy and torment.” Swiss artist Paul Klee wrote, “Color possesses me.” Monet and Klee weren’t just philosophizing. Scientists have found that colors shape moods and emitions. For example, red-walled rooms may induce anxiety and anger, while green tones may calm the nerves. Given a pigment’s power, writers and poets should embrace color with as much abandon as painters.
法國畫家克勞德·莫奈大聲叫道：“我終日被顏色所困，既令我快樂，又令我苦惱。”瑞士藝術家保羅·克勒也寫道：“顏色佔有了我。”莫奈和克勒並非在闊談哲理。科學家們已經發現顏色確實影響人的情緒和情感。如紅色牆壁的房間可使人憂慮，進而發怒；而綠色調則可使人鎮靜。由於顏色具有如此之神力，作家與詩人也必當如同畫家一樣盡情地擁抱顏色。
fǎ guó huà jiā kè láo dé ·mò nài dà shēng jiào dào ：“wǒ zhōng rì bèi yán sè suǒ kùn ，jì lìng wǒ kuài lè ，yòu lìng wǒ kǔ nǎo 。”ruì shì yì shù jiā bǎo luó ·kè lè yě xiě dào ：“yán sè zhàn yǒu le wǒ 。”mò nài hé kè lè bìng fēi zài kuò tán zhé lǐ 。kē xué jiā men yǐ jīng fā xiàn yán sè què shí yǐng xiǎng rén de qíng xù hé qíng gǎn 。rú hóng sè qiáng bì de fáng jiān kě shǐ rén yōu lǜ ，jìn ér fā nù ；ér lǜ sè diào zé kě shǐ rén zhèn jìng 。yóu yú yán sè jù yǒu rú cǐ zhī shén lì ，zuò jiā yǔ shī rén yě bì dāng rú tóng huà jiā yī yàng jìn qíng dì yōng bào yán sè 。
The very notion of “color” has a myriad of meanings. A resolute person “sticks to his colors”. Picturesque stories have “a lot of color.” “Colorful language” is distinctive and vivid. The tonal quality is “color”. At a flag raising, the soldiers “salute the colors”. Whites used to call non-Caucasians “coloreds”--a slur that backfired when Blacks retorted by calling Caucasians “people without color”.
有關“顏色”名符其實的概念確有各式各樣的意義。一個堅定的人“堅持自己的立場”。形象生動的故事具有“各種情調和趣味”。“有聲有色的語言”是具有特色的和生動的。音調的音質為“音色”。升旗儀式中，士兵們“向軍旗敬禮”。白種人過去蔑稱非白種人為“有色人種”——此一玷辱之詞受到黑人的反擊，回敬白種人為“無色人種”。
yǒu guān “yán sè ”míng fú qí shí de gài niàn què yǒu gè shì gè yàng de yì yì 。yī gè jiān dìng de rén “jiān chí zì jǐ de lì chǎng ”。xíng xiàng shēng dòng de gù shì jù yǒu “gè zhǒng qíng diào hé qù wèi ”。“yǒu shēng yǒu sè de yǔ yán ”shì jù yǒu tè sè de hé shēng dòng de 。yīn diào de yīn zhì wéi “yīn sè ”。shēng qí yí shì zhōng ，shì bīng men “xiàng jun1 qí jìng lǐ ”。bái zhǒng rén guò qù miè chēng fēi bái zhǒng rén wéi “yǒu sè rén zhǒng ”——cǐ yī diàn rǔ zhī cí shòu dào hēi rén de fǎn jī ，huí jìng bái zhǒng rén wéi “wú sè rén zhǒng ”。
In fact, more expressive than the word “color” are the colors themselves. Blue, the color of the vast sea and sky, is by extension the hue of the infinite, of remote distances and times. A seagull soars into “the blue”. Unexpected guests “pop in out of the blue”. In the 16th century, Ben Johnson wrote, “Blueness doth express trueness,” because blue also means patrician. Moralists pass “blue laws”; and aristocrats are “blue bloods”. For us common folk, blue may mirror the melancholy of mortals dwarfed by the infinite. A businessman away from home on Christmas “has the blues”; a grumbler “sings the blues”; a jilted lover “sings the blues”.
事實上，色彩本身所表達的意義又比“色彩”一詞豐富多了。藍色這一指浩瀚的大海和茫茫的天空的顏色，也被引申為指一望無際、無限的空間和時間。一隻海鷗驀地飛向“藍天”。不速之客“突然造訪”。十六世紀時，本·瓊生寫道：“藍色確實表示真實”，因為藍色還意味著高貴的。道德家們通過了“清教徒法規”；出身貴族的人皆“名門望族”。對於我們普通人來說，藍色可以反映在大千世界裡顯得極其渺小的凡夫俗子的憂鬱。一個在聖誕節仍然出門在外的商人“情緒低落”；一個對世事不滿的人“表示悲觀”；一個被拋棄的失戀者“垂頭喪氣”。
shì shí shàng ，sè cǎi běn shēn suǒ biǎo dá de yì yì yòu bǐ “sè cǎi ”yī cí fēng fù duō le 。lán sè zhè yī zhǐ hào hàn de dà hǎi hé máng máng de tiān kōng de yán sè ，yě bèi yǐn shēn wéi zhǐ yī wàng wú jì 、wú xiàn de kōng jiān hé shí jiān 。yī zhī hǎi ōu mò dì fēi xiàng “lán tiān ”。bú sù zhī kè “tū rán zào fǎng ”。shí liù shì jì shí ，běn ·qióng shēng xiě dào ：“lán sè què shí biǎo shì zhēn shí ”，yīn wéi lán sè hái yì wèi zhe gāo guì de 。dào dé jiā men tōng guò le “qīng jiāo tú fǎ guī ”；chū shēn guì zú de rén jiē “míng mén wàng zú ”。duì yú wǒ men pǔ tōng rén lái shuō ，lán sè kě yǐ fǎn yìng zài dà qiān shì jiè lǐ xiǎn dé jí qí miǎo xiǎo de fán fū sú zǐ de yōu yù 。yī gè zài shèng dàn jiē réng rán chū mén zài wài de shāng rén “qíng xù dī luò ”；yī gè duì shì shì bú mǎn de rén “biǎo shì bēi guān ”；yī gè bèi pāo qì de shī liàn zhě “chuí tóu sàng qì ”。
Red is passion and action, the color of Mars, named for the Roman god of war. A communist is a “Red”. Reporters vie for “red-hot” scoops. Honored guests get the “red carpet treatment”. Red also has negative connotations. We are “red-faced” when angry or embarrassed. Police sometimes catch thieves “red-handed”. A “red nose” drinks too much. A “red herring” diverts attention from the main issue. A failing business runs “in the red”. A “red eye special” is a cheap but exhausting overnight flight.
紅色是激情，是行動，是羅馬戰神馬爾斯的顏色。一個共產黨人是一個“赤色分子”；記者搶先得到“最新新聞”；貴賓受到了“紅地毯的禮遇”。紅色也可表示異於上述褒獎的一些意思。當我們生氣或感到尷尬時，我們就會“面紅耳赤”；警察有時當場捉住“正在作案的”小偷；“酒糟鼻子”是指縱酒者；“燻鯡”是指避開主要問題轉移注意力的東西或話題；一個經營虧損的企業“出現赤字”；“通宵航班”則指價格低廉但使人精疲力竭的夜間飛行航班。
hóng sè shì jī qíng ，shì háng dòng ，shì luó mǎ zhàn shén mǎ ěr sī de yán sè 。yī gè gòng chǎn dǎng rén shì yī gè “chì sè fèn zǐ ”；jì zhě qiǎng xiān dé dào “zuì xīn xīn wén ”；guì bīn shòu dào le “hóng dì tǎn de lǐ yù ”。hóng sè yě kě biǎo shì yì yú shàng shù bāo jiǎng de yī xiē yì sī 。dāng wǒ men shēng qì huò gǎn dào gān gà shí ，wǒ men jiù huì “miàn hóng ěr chì ”；jǐng chá yǒu shí dāng chǎng zhuō zhù “zhèng zài zuò àn de ”xiǎo tōu ；“jiǔ zāo bí zǐ ”shì zhǐ zòng jiǔ zhě ；“xūn fēi ”shì zhǐ bì kāi zhǔ yào wèn tí zhuǎn yí zhù yì lì de dōng xī huò huà tí ；yī gè jīng yíng kuī sǔn de qǐ yè “chū xiàn chì zì ”；“tōng xiāo háng bān ”zé zhǐ jià gé dī lián dàn shǐ rén jīng pí lì jié de yè jiān fēi háng háng bān 。
White implies freedom from spots, blemishes, or moral impurity. G. K. Chesterton waxed lyrical, “White…is not a mere absence of color, it is a shining and affirmative thing, as fierce as red, as definite as black…. God paints in many colors; but He never paints so gorgeously, I had almost said so gaudily, as when He paints in white.” We wave the “white flag” to call a truce, surrender, or show we are unarmed. A “white lie” is a harmless untruth, while “white magic” is good magic. White may conjure up negative images as well. Although “lily white” implies purity, “white as a sheet” denotes terror (the sheet evoking images of shrouded ghosts). A “white elephant” is something of dubious value or a rare artifact that is a burden to maintain. Cowards “show the white feather”. A “white chip” stock is of minimal value (as opposed to coveted “blue chip” stocks or, in Hong Kong, the “red chip”).
白色意味著無瑕，意味著清白，意味著道德的純淨。英國的切斯特頓是這樣抒發對白色的情感的：“白色並非無色，而是光彩奪目、確切存在之物。它有如紅色之豔麗，黑色之鮮明。上帝用斑斕色彩描繪了我們的世界。我也曾經近乎炫誇地稱道，只有用上了白的顏色，他才繪出瞭如此燦爛絢麗的世界。”我們揮動“白旗”，以示休戰或投降，或是告訴對方：我們放下了武器；“小謊”是無惡意的謊言，而“乞靈於天使的白法術”是好戲法。白色也與消極負面的意思相聯繫。雖然，“純潔無瑕的”是純白的，但“像紙一樣白”卻使人產生恐懼（紙一樣白的顏色，不禁使人聯想到裹著壽衣死鬼的形象）。“累贅的東西”則比喻某件既無用又累贅，成為沉重負擔的東西。懦夫“顯示懦弱或膽怯”。“微不足道的，最小數值的”股票是指價值微小的股票（與令人垂涎的“藍籌股”或在香港的“紅籌股”）相對。
bái sè yì wèi zhe wú xiá ，yì wèi zhe qīng bái ，yì wèi zhe dào dé de chún jìng 。yīng guó de qiē sī tè dùn shì zhè yàng shū fā duì bái sè de qíng gǎn de ：“bái sè bìng fēi wú sè ，ér shì guāng cǎi duó mù 、què qiē cún zài zhī wù 。tā yǒu rú hóng sè zhī yàn lì ，hēi sè zhī xiān míng 。shàng dì yòng bān lán sè cǎi miáo huì le wǒ men de shì jiè 。wǒ yě céng jīng jìn hū xuàn kuā dì chēng dào ，zhī yǒu yòng shàng le bái de yán sè ，tā cái huì chū le rú cǐ càn làn xuàn lì de shì jiè 。”wǒ men huī dòng “bái qí ”，yǐ shì xiū zhàn huò tóu jiàng ，huò shì gào sù duì fāng ：wǒ men fàng xià le wǔ qì ；“xiǎo huǎng ”shì wú è yì de huǎng yán ，ér “qǐ líng yú tiān shǐ de bái fǎ shù ”shì hǎo xì fǎ 。bái sè yě yǔ xiāo jí fù miàn de yì sī xiàng lián xì 。suī rán ，“chún jié wú xiá de ”shì chún bái de ，dàn “xiàng zhǐ yī yàng bái ”què shǐ rén chǎn shēng kǒng jù （zhǐ yī yàng bái de yán sè ，bú jìn shǐ rén lián xiǎng dào guǒ zhe shòu yī sǐ guǐ de xíng xiàng ）。“lèi zhuì de dōng xī ”zé bǐ yù mǒu jiàn jì wú yòng yòu lèi zhuì ，chéng wéi chén zhòng fù dān de dōng xī 。nuò fū “xiǎn shì nuò ruò huò dǎn qiè ”。“wēi bú zú dào de ，zuì xiǎo shù zhí de ”gǔ piào shì zhǐ jià zhí wēi xiǎo de gǔ piào （yǔ lìng rén chuí xián de “lán chóu gǔ ”huò zài xiāng gǎng de “hóng chóu gǔ ”）xiàng duì 。
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