2018年高考考前詞彙夯實、方法指導、故事分享（2）
每天一個高考英語練習，夯實詞彙、掌握方法、分享故事！為了高考，為了未來，加油！
一、詞彙夯實
有些單詞就像雙胞胎一樣，不仔細看，稍一大意可能就會“認錯人”。如果在考場上因為沒法辨別形似的單詞而失分，那豈不是太吃虧了…
下面是最容易混淆的80組單詞，希望同學們認真研究每一組單詞的異同之處，牢記每個單詞對應的意思。
1. quite 相當 quiet 安靜地
2. affect 影響，假裝(v.) effect 結果，影響(n.)
3. adapt 適應 adopt 採用 adept 內行
4. angel 天使 angle 角度
5. dairy 牛奶廠 diary 日記
6. contend 奮鬥，鬥爭 content 內容，滿足的
context 上下文 contest 競爭，比賽
7. principal 校長，主要的principle 原則
8. implicit 含蓄的explicit 明確的
9. dessert 甜食desert 沙漠(n.)；放棄(v.)
dissert 寫論文
10. pat輕拍 tap 輕打
slap 掌擊 rap 敲，打
11. decent 正經的descent 向下，血統(n.)
descend 向下(v.)
12. sweet 甜的sweat 汗水
13. later 後來 latter 後者的
latest 最近的lately 最近(adv.)
14. costume 服裝custom習慣
15. extensive 廣泛的intensive 集中的
16. aural 聽覺的oral 口頭的
17. abroad 國外aboard 上(船，飛機)
18. altar 祭壇(n.) alter 改變(v.)
19. assent 同意ascent 上升
accent 口音
20. champion 冠軍champagne 香檳酒
campaign 戰役
21. baron 男爵
barren 不毛之地的barn 古倉
22. beam 梁，光束bean 豆
been be的過去式
23. precede 領先proceed 進行，繼續
24. pray 祈禱prey 獵物
25. chicken 雞kitchen 廚房
26. monkey 猴子donkey 驢
27. chore 家務活chord 和絃
cord 細繩
28. cite 引用site 場所
sight 視覺
29. clash (金屬)撞擊聲crash 撞碎，墜落
crush 壓
30. compliment 讚美complement 補足，補充物
31. confirm 確認 conform 使順從
32. contact 接觸contract 合同
contrast 對照
33. council 議會counsel 忠告
consul 領事
34. crow 烏鴉crown 王冠
clown 小丑cow 牛
35. dose 一劑藥doze 打盹
36. drawn draw的過去分詞drown 溺水
37. rude 粗魯的crude 天然的
38. source 來源，水源sauce 醬油
saucer 茶
39. vocation 職業vacation 假期
evocation 喚起revocation 撤回
40. resource資源recourse救援
41. emigrant 移民到國外（遷出）
immigrant 從某國來的移民（遷入）
42. immoral 不道德的immortal 不朽的
43. except 除外expect 期望
accept 接受excerpt 摘錄
44. floor 地板flour 麵粉
45. incident 事件accident 意外
46. inspection 檢查aspiration 渴望
47. patent 專利potent 強有力的
potential 潛在的
48. assume 假定resume 簡歷，重新開始
49. require 需要inquire 詢問
enquire 打聽acquire 獲得
50. story 故事storey 樓層
store 商店
51. protest 抗議protect 保護
52. strike 攻擊stick 容忍，粘貼
strict 嚴格的
53. expand 擴張expend 花費
extend 延長
54. commerce 商業commence 開始
55. through 通過thorough 徹底的
though 儘管thought think過去分詞
56. purpose 目的suppose 假設
propose 建議
57. allusion 暗示illusion 幻覺
delusion 錯覺elusion 逃避
58. prospect 前景perspective 透視
59. stationery 文具stationary 固定的
60. strive 努力stride 大步走
61. police 警察policy 政策
politics 政治
62. revenge 報仇avenge 替……報仇
63. resemble類似assemble 集合，裝配(v.)
assembly 集合，裝配(n.)
64. glide 滑翔slide 使滑行
slip 跌落
65. amend 改正，修正emend 修訂
66. attain 達到obtain 獲得
abstain 放棄
67. casual 隨便的causal 具有因果關係的
68. extent 長度 extant 現存的
69. grim 冷酷的 grime 汙點
70. award 授予 reward 獎賞
71. definite 確切的infinite 無限的
72. crayon 蠟筆canyon 山谷
73. recent 最近 resent 憤怒
74. mission 使命emission 散發，發射
mansion 大廈
75. vision 視覺version 譯本
76. phrase 短語phase 階段
77. idle 空閒的idol 偶像
78. induce 誘導deduce 推測
reduce 減少seduce 誘使
79. lapse 流逝elapse 消逝
eclipse 日食
80. bride 新娘 bribe 賄賂
二、方法指導
專題 1 語法填空（一）
關鍵詞：語法,詞彙填空,句法,邏輯,語境
難度係數：✱✱✱✱
推薦指數：✱✱✱✱✱
【基礎回顧】
語篇語法填空試題特點：
1.把題設在有一定語境和語義確定了的文段中是高考命題的宗旨。旨在考查考生理解語篇的能力、分析句子結構的能力及熟練運用語法的能力。因此，只有讀懂文段才能做好語法填空題。
2. 從設空特點來看，它不僅重視對語言基礎知識——詞法、句法的考查，考生須靈活運用語法知識，如單詞詞性、動詞時態、名詞單複數、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應填寫的內容。同時也考查了學生在沒有給出任何提示，根據語篇邏輯填空的能力。考生既要能判斷出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考慮該結構中用什麼詞、詞性、詞形、習慣搭配、拼寫、大小寫等一系列問題（出現任何錯誤都不給分）。
探究一、填實義詞
填實義詞 ----- 用括號內單詞的正確形式填空，主要涉及動詞的時態和語態、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級等語法考點。
【2017·浙江卷】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot)and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and shenoticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath theleafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house. “she thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ringback on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —thenten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlssonand her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," shesays. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and wasspread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy topaccidentally sprouted (生長) through it.For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
（1）詞彙層面
必讀1：做主語或賓語的名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前無形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時，根據上下文填冠詞。
【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pullit to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.
【例2】I sat next tothe man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation.
【例3】But she quicklyrealized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______last row.
必讀2：句子缺主語或賓語，空格後沒有提示詞，填詞多為代詞。
【例4】Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ______ was to choose asuitable Christmas present for her father.
【例5】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked apipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound toplease ______.
【例6】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did youpretend to like ______?”
必讀3：空格前已有主語，括號內是動詞提示，空格需填謂語動詞。
【例7】He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real andgiving it a voice.
【例8】Where men control the household,less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorerhealth for children.
【例9】One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cookingsome delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has runout of salt.
必讀4：句中已有謂語動詞且又無並列連詞與括號內提示的動詞並列，說明空格需填非謂語動詞形式。
【例10】She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume．[來源:學,科,網Z,X,X,K]
【例11】Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______(compare) to such art forms as music and planting.
【例12】But everyone added a little, always ______ (think) that itwas only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
必讀5：當括號內所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，很可能填比較級和最高級。
【例13】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted thegift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ______ (sweet).”
【例14】I left it early because I had an appointment ______ (late)that day.
【例15】It might have made it a little ______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stopthe kids in the class.
必讀6：當“……（+限定詞）+名詞”或“……+代詞/doing/從句”在句中不做主語或賓語時，通常填介詞。
【例16】When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in thevillage, I wanted to reward the old woman ______ the trouble.
【例17】He did so the next day. He was very tired ______ doing this fora whole day.
【例18】When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present inher bag, her parents were already ______ table having supper.
【技能方法】[來源:學|科|網Z|X|X|K]
解題建議：
一、認真研讀所給短文，掌握文章的大意。從整體把握文章的時態，從而應對動詞的正確形式填空中的時態和語態。
二、加強對詞彙本身用法的複習，如主、被、動，固定短語搭配，冠詞、連詞等運用進行復習。特別注意詞的不同變形及詞性。
三、熟練掌握句法知識，準確使用連接詞。
四、注意文章上下文的邏輯關係，準確填出無提示詞的空白。
【基礎達標】
【東北三省三校2018年高三第一次聯合模擬】
The Great Wall of Chinais a series of walls made of stone, brick, and other materials, built along thehistorical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires.Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC; these, laterjoined together and___1___(make) bigger and stronger, are collectivelyreferred to as the Great Wall. Especially famous is the wallbuilt in 220-206 BC. Little of that wall___2___(remain).The Great Wallhas been rebuilt over various dynasties, the majority of___3___is from the MingDynasty(1368-164).
Apart from defense,other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls,the___4___(encourage)of trade and___5___control of immigration. The Great Wall stretches___6___Dandongin the east to Lop Lake in the west, along the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. An archaeological (考古) survey,___7___(use) advancedtechnologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,810 km. Anothersurvey has found that the entire wall with all of its___8___(branch)measures 21,196 km. Today, the Great Wall is___9___(general) recognizedas one of the most___10___(impress) architectural wonders in history.
【能力提升】
【東北三省四城市聯考暨瀋陽市2018屆高三質量監測(二)】
Thelion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and afemale, are ___1___ (common) seen in front of the gates of traditionalbuildings.[來源:學.科.網]
Thelion ___2___ (regard) as the king in the animal world so it representspower. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ___3___(official).
It isinteresting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stonelions were sculpted ___4___ the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty (25~220AD) with ___5___ introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In theBuddhist faith, the lion,___6___ can protect the Truth and keep offevils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folktales, the lion has become a symbol of ___7___ (brave), power and goodluck.[來源:學|科|網Z|X|X|K]
It wasalso popular ___8___ (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions forthe same reason. The ___9___ (well) known of this is the Lugouqiao (also as Marco Polo Bridge ),___10___ (build) from 1189 to 1192. A famousproverb says, “The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountable.”
【終極闖關】
【安徽省六校教育研究會2018屆高三第二次聯考】
Many of us enjoy music because of the way itmakes us feel. But for chimps (黑猩猩), it’s nothing more than a lot of noise.Scientists from the University of York, UK, found that chimps don’t appreciatelistening to music, despite their DNA___1___(be) 96to 98 percent similar to that of humans.
In the study, a “jukebox (自動唱機)”___2___(create), which allowed chimps to select theirfavorite classical, pop or rock music, or___3___(simple)to choose silence. The animals walked away from the music they seemed todislike the most. The study found they were less likely___4___(walk) away from classical music like Mozart than fast-paced pop songs likethose of Justin Bieber’s.
Emma Wallace from the University of York toldthe Daily Mail that the fast-paced rhythm may have been ___5___turnedthe chimps off. “___6___it’s more possible for the chimpanzees to leaveto the faster music, they did not show ___7___actualpreference for the slower classical music,” said Wallace. “In fact, they seemto be indifferent to both___8___(type) of music.”
These results suggested that music___9___(appreciate)may be something that is unique___10___humans, according to Wallace.
專題 1 語法填空（一）解析
關鍵詞：語法,詞彙填空,句法,邏輯,語境
難度係數：✱✱✱✱
推薦指數：✱✱✱✱✱
【基礎回顧】
考點歸納：
語篇語法填空試題特點：
1.把題設在有一定語境和語義確定了的文段中是高考命題的宗旨。旨在考查考生理解語篇的能力、分析句子結構的能力及熟練運用語法的能力。因此，只有讀懂文段才能做好語法填空題。
2. 從設空特點來看，它不僅重視對語言基礎知識——詞法、句法的考查，考生須靈活運用語法知識，如單詞詞性、動詞時態、名詞單複數、連接詞、代詞、冠詞等判斷各空白處應填寫的內容。同時也考查了學生在沒有給出任何提示，根據語篇邏輯填空的能力。考生既要能判斷出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考慮該結構中用什麼詞、詞性、詞形、習慣搭配、拼寫、大小寫等一系列問題（出現任何錯誤都不給分）。
探究一、填實義詞
填實義詞 ----- 用括號內單詞的正確形式填空，主要涉及動詞的時態和語態、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級等語法考點。
【2017·浙江卷】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlssonpulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot)and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and shenoticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath theleafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house. “she thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson hadremoved the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ringback on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —thenten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlssonand her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," shesays. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and wasspread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy topaccidentally sprouted (生長) through it.For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Lena Pahlsson在花園裡採摘胡蘿蔔時，找到了丟失已久的結婚戒指的那種失而復得心情。
56.考查名詞。根據“onetiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.”，及“a handful of ”，可知用名詞複數，故填carrots。
57.考查形容詞。“shenoticed a 57 (shine) object”a為冠詞，object為名詞，橫線處應填寫形容詞。故填shiny或shining。
58．考查固定句式。根據 Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house2，so that，如此…以至於，故填so。
59．考查代詞。 I had hurt 59 （I），主語為I， 橫線處為賓語，替代主語時，應用代詞。故填 myself。
60. 考查開形容詞。 says Pahlsson Sixteen years 60 （ early），用形容詞比較級修飾 Sixteen years， Sixteen years earlier16年前；故填 earlier。
61.考查動詞不定式。Pahlsson hadremoved the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal，一個句子不能出現雙重謂語，所以用不定式表目的狀語。故填to cook。
62.考查動詞時態。根據“but turned up nothing”，可知句子為過去時，
“Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen”故填searched。
63.考查動詞。
“Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish”，ring與sweep之間是被動關係，故填swept。
64.考查連接詞。“64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生長) through it”，句子結構完整，先行詞為 the garden,表示地點，定語從句中缺少相對應的地點狀語，故填where。
65.考查冠詞。its return was 65 wonder.，wonder是名詞，was是動詞，應使用冠詞修飾名詞。故填a。
（1）詞彙層面
必讀1：做主語或賓語的名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前無形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時，根據上下文填冠詞。
【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car topull it to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.
【解析】a 第一次提到的可數名詞單數前用不定冠詞，表示“一個”。
【例2】I sat next tothe man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation.
【解析】an 短語搭配have aconversation“和……交談”。
【例3】But she quicklyrealized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______last row.
【解析】the 特指最後一排，在序數詞/最高級前，用定冠詞。
必讀2：句子缺主語或賓語，空格後沒有提示詞，填詞多為代詞。
【例4】Jane was walking round the department store. She rememberedhow difficult ______ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for herfather.
【解析】it 作賓語從句主語，替代動詞不定式短語tochoose……。
【例5】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked apipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound toplease ______.
【解析】him please him (使他高興)，填代詞；根據句意，此處指代herfather。
【例6】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did youpretend to like ______?”
【解析】it 指前面提到的“水(thewater)”。
必讀3：空格前已有主語，括號內是動詞提示，空格需填謂語動詞。
【例7】He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it avoice.
【解析】was pretending 由“and giving”可確定，用過去進行時，構成並列謂語。
【例8】Where men control the household,less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorerhealth for children.
【解析】is spentmoney與spend之間存在被動關係，故用被動語態，從句時態提示應用一般現在時。
【例9】One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cookingsome delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has runout of salt.
【解析】found 主格代詞he後應為謂語動詞，由語境由One day和“invited”可知，用一般過去時。
必讀4：句中已有謂語動詞且又無並列連詞與括號內提示的動詞並列，說明空格需填非謂語動詞形式。
【例10】She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume．
【解析】to please “be+形容詞+ to do”, 無需考慮其它的非謂語形式。此句式中常用主動形式表示被動含義。
【例11】Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______(compare) to such art forms as music and planting.
【解析】compared 本句是when it iscompared to …的省略。compare與邏輯主語film是被動關係，故用過去分詞作狀語。
【例12】But everyone added a little, always ______ (think) that it wasonly small and not very important, and lookwhere we have ended up today.”
【解析】thinking 因everyone與think是主動關係，故用現在分詞短語作added的伴隨狀語。
必讀5：當括號內所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時，很可能填比較級和最高級。
【例13】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted thegift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be ______ (sweet).”
【解析】sweeter 句意是“什麼也不會比這更甜”=這是世界上最甜的東西。
【例14】I left it early because I had an appointment ______ (late)that day.
【解析】later 指那天晚些時候。
【例15】It might have made it a little ______ (hard) for everybody because it meant theyhad to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.
【解析】harder 句中a little修飾比較級harder，表示“更難一點”作賓補。
必讀6：當“……（+限定詞）+名詞”或“……+代詞/doing/從句”在句中不做主語或賓語時，通常填介詞。
【例16】When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in thevillage, I wanted to reward the old woman ______ the trouble.
【解析】for reward sb. for sth. 表示“因……而酬謝/報答某人”。
【例17】He did so the next day. He was very tired ______ doing thisfor a whole day.
【解析】after/fromA.用介詞after表示“在……之後”；B. betired from doing sth.為“因做某事而累”。
【例18】When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present inher bag, her parents were already ______ table having supper.
【解析】at attable表示“在進餐”，是習慣搭配。
【技能方法】[來源:Zxxk.Com]
解題建議：
一、認真研讀所給短文，掌握文章的大意。從整體把握文章的時態，從而應對動詞的正確形式填空中的時態和語態。
二、加強對詞彙本身用法的複習，如主、被、動，固定短語搭配，冠詞、連詞等運用進行復習。特別注意詞的不同變形及詞性。
三、熟練掌握句法知識，準確使用連接詞。
四、注意文章上下文的邏輯關係，準確填出無提示詞的空白。
【基礎達標】
【東北三省三校2018年高三第一次聯合模擬】
The Great Wall of Chinais a series of walls made of stone, brick, and other materials, built along thehistorical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires.Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC; these, laterjoined together and___1___(make) bigger and stronger, are collectively referred to as the Great Wall.Especially famous is the wall built in 220-206 BC. Little of that wall___2___(remain).TheGreat Wall has been rebuilt over various dynasties, the majority of___3___isfrom the Ming Dynasty(1368-164).
Apart from defense,other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls,the___4___(encourage)of trade and___5___control of immigration. The Great Wall stretches___6___Dandongin the east to Lop Lake in the west, along the southern edge of Inner Mongolia.An archaeological (考古) survey,___7___(use)advanced technologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,810 km.Another survey has found that the entire wall with all of its___8___(branch)measures 21,196 km. Today, the Great Wall is___9___(general) recognizedas one of the most___10___(impress) architectural wonders in history.
【答案】1. made 2. remains 3. which 4. encouragement 5. the 6. from 7. using 8. branches 9. generally 10. impressive
【解析】本文介紹中國的萬里長城。
1．此處是過去分詞做後置定語，與 joined並列，故答案為made。
2．句意：那堵牆現在幾乎沒有了。句子用一般現在時態，故答案為 remains。
3．句意：長城在各個朝代都重建了，大部分都是明朝時期的。止此比處是非限制性定語從句，介詞詞of後面用which，指物。
4. 句意：除了防禦，長城的其他目的包括邊境控制、貿易的鼓勵和對移民的控制。根據句意可知此處用名詞形式，故答案為encouragement。
5. 句意：除了防禦，長城的其他目的包括邊境控制、貿易的鼓勵和對移民的控制。此處表示特指，故答案為the。
6. 固定結構：from---to---，從---到---，故答案為from.
7. 此處是現在分詞做伴隨狀態，表主動關係，故答案為using。
8. 句意：另一項調查發現，整堵牆包括所有分支是212196公里。根據all可知用名詞複數形式，故答案為branches。
9. 副詞修飾動詞，故答案為generally。[來源:學,科,網]
10. 句意：這是歷史上最令人印象深刻的建築奇蹟之一。形容詞修飾名詞，故答案為impressive。[來源:Zxxk.Com]
【東北三省四城市聯考暨瀋陽市2018屆高三質量監測(二)】
Thelion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and afemale, are ___1___ (common) seen in front of the gates of traditionalbuildings.
Thelion ___2___ (regard) as the king in the animal world so it representspower. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ___3___(official).
It isinteresting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stonelions were sculpted ___4___ the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty (25~220AD) with ___5___ introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In theBuddhist faith, the lion,___6___ can protect the Truth and keep offevils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folktales, the lion has become a symbol of ___7___ (brave), power and goodluck.[來源:學#科#網]
It wasalso popular ___8___ (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions forthe same reason. The ___9___ (well) known of this is the Lugouqiao (also as Marco Polo Bridge ),___10___ (build) from 1189 to 1192. A famousproverb says, “The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountable.”
【答案】1. commonly 2. is regarded 3. officials 4. at 5. the
6. which 7. bravery 8. to decorate 9. best 10. built
【解析】文章講述了石獅子的象徵、歷史和用途。
1. commonly。考查副詞。句中修飾動詞see用副詞，指通常被看到，故填commonly.
2. is regarded
3. officials。考查名詞。此處表示石頭獅子被用來表明官員們的等級，of後用名詞，表示泛指用複數形式，故填officials.
4. at。考查介詞。表示“在……的開始”是at the beginning of，介詞用at, 故填at.
5. the。考查冠詞。此處特指佛教在中國古代的引進，表示特指，用定冠詞the，故填the.
6. which。考查關係代詞。句中包含定語從句，補充說明先行詞the lion，是非限制性定語從句用which引導，故填which.
7. bravery。考查名詞。用於of後，和後面的power and good luck並列，表示勇敢的象徵，用名詞。故填bravery.
8. to decorate。考查動詞不定式。句中it是形式主語，此處是不定式做真正主語，故填to decorate.
9. best。考查最高級。此處指最有名的獅子是盧溝橋，由the限定，表示範圍中最有名的，用最高級。故填best.
10. built。考查過去分詞。句中Lugouqiao和動詞build是被動關係，用過去分詞作定語，故填built.
【終極闖關】
【安徽省六校教育研究會2018屆高三第二次聯考】
Many of us enjoy music because of the way it makes us feel. But for chimps (黑猩猩), it’s nothing more than a lot of noise.Scientists from the University of York, UK, found that chimps don’t appreciatelistening to music, despite their DNA___1___(be) 96to 98 percent similar to that of humans.
In the study, a “jukebox (自動唱機)”___2___(create), which allowed chimps to select theirfavorite classical, pop or rock music, or___3___(simple)to choose silence. The animals walked away from the music they seemed todislike the most. The study found they were less likely___4___(walk) away from classical music like Mozart than fast-paced pop songs likethose of Justin Bieber’s.
Emma Wallace from the University of York told the DailyMail that the fast-paced rhythm may have been ___5___turnedthe chimps off. “___6___it’s more possible for the chimpanzees to leaveto the faster music, they did not show ___7___actualpreference for the slower classical music,” said Wallace. “In fact, they seemto be indifferent to both___8___(type) of music.”
These results suggested that music___9___(appreciate)may be something that is unique___10___humans, according to Wallace.
【答案】1. being 2. was created 3. simply 4.to walk 5. what 6. While/Though/Although 7. an 8. types 9. appreciation 10. to
【解析】研究表明，儘管大猩猩的基因中有96－98％6和人類相似，但是大猩猩並不喜歡音樂，音樂所欣賞可能是人類特有的能力
1. 考查動名詞。“ their DNA 1 （be）96to98 percent similar to that of humans是介詞 despite的賓語，介詞的賓語需用名詞或動名詞，故該空填 being。
2. 考查時態和語態。句意：在這個研究中，創建了一個自動唱機，它允許大星星們選擇它們最喜歡音樂或者僅僅選擇沉默。該段介紹的是實驗的過程，屬於過去的事，故該空應用過去時態。且a “jukebox”和create之間是被動關係，故該空應用被動語態。綜上，該空填was created。
3. 考查副詞。結合上題中的句意可知，該空修飾動詞choose，修飾動詞要用副詞，故該空填simply。
4. 考查固定句式。句意：研究發現，和快節奏的流行歌曲相比，它們遠離古典音樂的可能性較小。be likely to do sth.是固定句式，意為“可能做某事”。
5. 考查名詞性從句。句意：快節奏可能使大猩猩們失去了興趣。“_____ turned the chips off”是表語從句，該空在從句中做主語，且表示名詞意思，故要用what引導該從句。
6．考查狀語從句。句意：儘管黑猩猩更有可能選擇較快的音樂，但是，實際上，它們沒有表現出對較慢的古典音樂的偏愛。根據句意，該空引導讓步狀語從句，故可填 Although／ Though／ While。
7．考查冠詞。 a preference for sth．意為“對．的偏愛，該空位於 actual前面， actual的發音開頭是元音音素，故該空填an。
8．考查名詞。句意：實際上，它們對於兩種類型的音樂都不感興趣。both修飾可數名詞複數，故該空填 types。
9. 考查名詞。句意：這些結果表明：音樂欣賞可能是人類獨有的能力。“music ____”是主語，主語應用名詞，故該空填appreciation。
10. 考查介詞。be unique to sb. 是固定表達，意為“對……來說是獨有的”。
三、故事分享
The important things in life
A philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the table in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly he picked up a verylarge and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with rocks, about 2 inches in diameter.
He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that itwas.
So the professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the open areas between the rocks.
He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed itwas.
The professor picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up the remaining open areas of the jar.
He then asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous “Yes.”
“Now,” said the professor, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The rocks are the important things – your family, your partner, your health, your children – things that if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The pebbles are the other things that matter – like your job, your house, your car. The sand iseverything else, the small stuff.”
“If you put the sand into the jar first,” he continued, “there is noroom for the pebbles or the rocks. The same goes for your life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take your partner out dancing.There will always be time to go to work, clean the house, give a dinner party,or fix the disposal.”
“Take care of the rocks first – the things that really matter. Setyour priorities. The rest is just sand.”
Live and Work
Father was a hardworking man who delivered bread as a living to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings after work attending classes, hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a better paying job. Except for Sundays, Father hardly ate a meal together with hisfamily. He worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the best money could buy.
Whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. But he often yearned to spend more time with his family.
The day came when the examination results were announced. To hisjoy, Father passed, and with distinctions too! Soon after, he was offered agood job as a senior supervisor which paid handsomely.
Like a dream come true, Father could now afford to provide his family with life’s little luxuries like nice clothing, fine food and vacation abroad.
However, the family still did not get to see father for most of the week. He continued to work very hard, hoping to be promoted to the position ofmanager. In fact, to make himself a worthily candidate for the promotion, he enrolled for another course in the open university.
Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. But he often yearned to spend more time with his family.
Father’s hard work paid off and he was promoted. Jubilantly, he decided to hire a maid to relieve his wife from her domestic tasks. He also felt that their three-room flat was no longer big enough, it would be nice forhis family to be able to enjoy the facilities and comfort of a condominium. Having experienced the rewards of his hard work many times before, Father resolved to further his studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see much of him. In fact, sometimes Father had to work onSundays entertaining clients. Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this forthem. But he often yearnedto spend more time with his family.
As expected, Father’s hard work paid off again and he bought a beautiful condominium overlooking the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening at their new home, Father declared to his family that he decided not totake any more courses or pursue any more promotions. From then on he was going to devote more time to his family.
Father did not wake up the next day.
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